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BOTANICAL REGISTER:
Vez seAs
OR, MJ.

ORNAMENTAL FLOWER-GARDEN
AND SHRUBBERY:

CONSISTING OF

COLOURED FIGURES OF PLANTS AND SHRUBS,
CULTIVATED IN BRITISH GARDENS;

ACCOMPANIED BY THEIR

Vistory, Best Meth of Creatment in Cultivation, Propagation, Xr,

EDITED

By JOHN LINDLEY, Ph. D. F.R.S. anp LS.

PROFESSOR OF BOTANY IN UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, LONDON,

AND THE ROYAL INSTITUTION OF GREAT ‘BRITAIN,
VICE-SECRETARY TO THE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY,

&c. &c. &c.

NEW SERIES,

COMPLETE IN TEN VOLUMES.

VOL. III. UY

MISSOURI
EITC

GA? N

LONDON:
JAMES RIDGWAY AND SONS, PICCADILLY.

MDCCCXL.

Palos by I Fadguay tbh, Percadilly Fr 72411840. G. Barclay. so

f (717 Wyn de LC

IRIS fragrans.
Sweet-scented Iris.

——— — —

TRIANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. ord. IRIDACEz.
IRIS. Botanical Register, vol. 3. fol. 246.

I. fragrans; imberbis, foliis ensiformibus angustis glaucescentibus caulis mul-
tiflori longitudine, ovariis fusiformibus bracteis herbaceis longioribus,
perianthii tubo nullo, sepalorum limbo rhomboideo integro, petalis spathu-
lato-lanceolatis integerrimis basi angustatis sepalorum longitudine, stylis
fissis. .

v

This very distinct species of Iris is a native of the North
of India, where it was found by Professor Royle. In habit
it resembles the I. decora of Wallich, which is the Z. nepa-
lensis of Don, but its flowers are altogether different; it is
also extremely like the 7. sulcata of Wallich's Indian herba-
rium, no. 5049, referred to 1. decora by Professor Royle, but
from which it appears to be distinguished by the form of the
fruit, which, in J. fragrans, when young, is fusiform and
longer than the bracts, while in J. sulcata it is oblong,
and shorter than the bracts. J. longifolia, a Cashmere
species, figured in the Illustrations of the Botany of the
Himalayan Mountains, resembles this in the form of the
leaves, but they are described as being scabrous at the mar-
gin; moreover the scape is very short and one-flowered in
that plant, and the lobes of the style are said to be entire ;
in the absence of a tube to the flower the two correspond.

- The fragrance of the flowers of this species makes it a
desirable border plant, in addition to its pretty appearance.
It is found to be a very hardy perennial, requiring about the
same treatment as the common Iris sibirica, growing freely
in any rich soil, and blossoming about the end of June.
It may be easily increased by dividing the old stock.

January, 1840. B

The accompanying figure was taken in the Garden of the
Horticultural Society, from plants raised in 1835 from seeds
presented by Dr. Royle. They sustained without injury the
rigour of the winter of 1837-8.

As it has not yet fruited Iam unable to state whether
the skin of its seed is membranous or succulent, or whether
the seed itself is flat or round.

1)
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2

STANDISH’S Fuchsia.

Garden Variety.

_ My principal reason for publishing a figure of this very
remarkable plant is because it is a mule between Fuchsia
fulgens and F. globosa, two plants as dissimilar as possible
in the same genus. The former indeed, figured in this work
for the year 1838, tab. 1, differs in so many respects from
the common species of the genus, especially in having an
herbaceous stem and tuberous roots, that it has been supposed
impossible that it should be a Fuchsia at all. It now however
appears, from the fact of its crossing freely with the common
Fuchsias, that it really does belong to the genus.

The first plants thus obtained, were, I believe, exhibited
by Mrs. Lawrence at one of the great Garden Meetings of
the Horticultural Society in the summer of 1839; but I had
then no leisure to do more than admire them. Subsequently
they have been procured by other persons, and appear to be
produced without any difficulty. They are completely inter-
mediate between the two parents; in this case having the
leaves, flowers, and habit of their mother F. globosa, with
the hairiness and tenderness of foliage of their father,
some of -his colouring and much of his herbaceous character.
It is however by no means necessary to take 7. globosa for
the female parent, as F. fulgens is found to intermix readily
with many other species.

That which is now figured is the handsomest I have seen.
It was raised by Mr. John Standish, Nurseryman, Bagshot,
who sent me specimens last July, together with flowers of
several others of inferior appearance. He tells me that it is
an exceedingly free bloomer, with a stiff erect habit; and I
can state, from my personal knowledge, that the plant is very

handsome.

A uM onc Wo UN ft tf ,
CY WUM PITE i, p y! 1840

7. Bwa pe

3
SOLLYA linearis.
Narrow-leaved Sollya.

PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. ord. PITTOSPORACER.
SOLLYA. Botanical Register, vol. 17. fol. 1466.

S. linearis; folis glaberrimis linearibus et lineari-lanceolatis obtusiusculis,
cymis multifloris nutantibus glabris, stigmate subsimplici, fructibus ob-
longis. Bot. Reg. 1839. miscell. no. 132.

The beauty of the graceful Sollya heterophylla, now so
common, and so general a favourite, makes a new species of
the genus a most welcome addition to our gardens, and I had
therefore much gratification in- announcing sometime since
that the plant now figured had been procured from Swan
River by Mr. Mangles.

It resembles the other species in general appearance, and
altogether in the colour and size of its flowers, but it has ex-
ceedingly narrow leaves, which have no appearance of ever
being serrated, and it is altogether a more slender-looking
plant; nevertheless, as was before stated, it appears to be a
more profuse flowerer, some of my wild specimens having
as many as eleven flowers in a cluster, and a single branch
five such clusters. In more minute circumstances other
differences are perceptible; in S. linearis the stigma is less
distinctly two-lobed than in S. heterophylla ; and the fruit
of the former is oblong, as*broad at one end as the other,
7i lines long, from the point of the stigma, and 22 broad,
while in the latter it is much narrower and more attenuated
to each end, 83 lines long by 12 broad, so that the propor-
tional length of the: two diameters are about as 9 to 3 in
S. linearis, and 10 to 13 in S. heterophylla.

The species inhabits the Swan River Colony, where it

was found by Mr. Drummond and others. It may be multi-
plied either by cuttings or from seeds. Cuttings root rather
slowly, and when seed can be procured it is much easier to
get a stock of plants from it. The species is of the easiest
culture, growing freely in a mixture of loam and peat. Pro-
perly speaking it is a greenhouse plant, and will form a hand-
some bush if planted out in a conservatory ; but like S. hete-

rophylla it will live out of doors in mild winters, in the
warmer parts of the country. |

With regard to S. angustifolia, a third supposed species
of the genus, it is reported by Labillardiére, its sole dis-
coverer, who called it Billardiera fusiformis, to be a native of
Van Diemen's Island ; it has not however been met with, as
far as I know, by any botanist since his time; no trace of it
occurs among Mr. Gunn’s extensive collections. I have,
however, lately received from Mr. Webb an authentic speci-
men of the plant, out of Labillardiére’s herbarium, and I find
it so very like S, heterophylla that there seems nothing to dis-
tinguish it from that plant, except the presence of a few long

airs on the young twigs, and on the back of some of the
leaves, of which there is a trace on the younger leaves of S. he-
re fear it is nothing more than a

S

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TOZ a tel, “Ley A Aere TÉ P. Lil bu, Serr GML gg. » Le

4

THYSANOTUS intricatus.
Entangled Thysanotus.

TRIANDRIA MONOGYNIA & HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Vat. Ord. LIiLIACEZ. :
THYSANOTUS. Botanical Register, vol. 8. fol. 655.

T. intricatus ; caulibus teretibus glabris sulcatis, ramis divaricatis ultimis
furcatis, folis squamzeformibus, peduneulis rigidis aneipitibus subbi-
floris, staminibus 6 styloque decurvis.

T. intricatus. Bot. Register, 1838. miscell. 111.

Caulis diffusus, angulatus, glaber, 2-3 pedes longus, alte sulcatus, basi teres ;
ramis rigidis, intricatis, div@ricatis, denique furcatis, sensim tetragonis, ultimis
pedunculos efficientibus elongatis ancipitibus apice1-3-floris. Foliaminima, rigida,
ovata, carinata, utrinque uninervia, sepids viridia, nunc sphacelata. Pedicelli
basi foliis duobus pluribusve oppositis, sphacelatis v. scariosis, aliquando in
unifloris deficientibus, bracteati, medio articulati. Flores violacei, pollicem
lati. Sepala pedicellis duplo longiora, lineari-lanceolata, acuminata, quinque-
costata, herbacea, margine petaloidea. Petala fimbriata, in medio herbacea,
tricostata. Stamina 6, violacea, declinata ; antheris apice emarginatis, basi
cordatis, alternis brevioribus. Ovarium triloculare, trigonum ; ovulis in medio
loculorum geminis, collateralibus, pendulis; stylus subulatus, violaceus, antheris
longior. Descriptio ad spontaneam.

A pretty Swan River plant, introduced by Robert Mangles,
Esq. of Sunning Hill. When it was drawn for this work I
only knew it from its Garden state, in which it formed a mass
of weak trailing branches, with numerous flowers at the ex-
tremity, and its specific character was so framed as to express
that circumstance. I now however find, from wild specimens in
my possession, that its branches are naturally rigid, and short
jointed, and that the supposed debility of the plant arose
from its being drawn up in cultivation. Its flowers, which
when expanded are beautiful, are produced either singly, or
in twos and even threes, at the end of one of the forks into
which the branches ultimately divide, and it always happens,
in the wild state, that of such forks the arm which bears the

flowers is very much longer than the other.

The plant, like all the species of the genus, requires pro-
tection in winter: but during summer it will succeed in the
open air. Under such circumstances, however, the flowers
seldom open in their native brilliancy. The best way of cul-
tivating them is in a frame, made upon the principle of Mr.
Ward’s cases, described by Mr. Ellis in the Gardener’s Ma-
gazine for September 1839, and only ventilated occasionally.
In such a frame I saw them in wonderful beauty in the Kew
Garden in the autumn of 1838.

The seed may be sown in any season, except late in
autumn or in winter; for when the plants are weak at that
time they are almost sure to perish from the want of light.
The soil used in potting should be loam and peat mixed with
a little sand. The plants should be placed near the glass, and
after they are strong enough be fully exposed to light and air.

y, i

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Mads Drake dall Tab log A Bead oro 7562 Frad bly P t EH LO A,
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5

DEUTZIA corymbosa.
. Corymb-fiowering Deutzia.

zoe ee
DECANDRIA DI-TETRAGYNIA.

Nat. ord. PHILADELPHACEZ.
DEUTZIA. Botanical Register, vol. 20. fol. 1718.

D. corymbosa ; foliis petiolatis ovatis acuminatis serrulatis ramulisque pube-
scentibus, paniculis corymbosis, calycis laciniis triangularibus acuminatis,
filamentis tridentatis, antheris glabris, stylis 4-5.

D. corymbosa. R. Brown in Wall. cat. no. 3652. Royle's Illustr. p. 216.
t. 46. f. 2.

The genus Deutzia, from the beauty and hardiness of the
species, has become an object of great interest, and every
addition to it is important in a Horticultural point of view.
By the discoveries of Dr. Wallich and others in the North
of India, of Professor Bunge in the North of China, and of
Dr. v. Siebold in Japan, many new ones have been added to
the original D. scabra of Thunberg; of these the following
account has been given by Siebold.

« All the species are shrubs, of which some (D. scabra,
crenata) succeed only on plains but little elevated above the
level of the sea, while others (D. gracilis, Brunoniana, corym-
bosa, staminea) prefer the deep and humid valleys óf lofty
mountains. ‘The most common species in Japan is D. scabra,
which grows along hedges, on gentle slopes, and on rocks,
seldom at a greater height above the sea than 1200 feet,
where it is associated with Euonymus, Viburnum, Eurya, Li-
gustrum, Lonicera, Vitis, Cissus, &c. It is much like our
Syringa, except that the flowers are much smaller, and the
branches curve upwards, &c. Towards the end of the year
the leaves of this species are collected for the use of the cabi-
net-makers, who employ it as a polishing material in place of
the Dutch Rushes (Equisetum) of Europe. Hedges are also
formed of the shrub, and it is cultivated in gardens, especially
a variety with double flowers, which is agreeably intermingled
with the different species of Hydrangea, Aralia pentaphylla,
&c. D. crenata is more rare, and succeeds best in the vallies
of little elevation, and damp; it is also found in hedges in-
termixed with D. scabra. D. gracilis occurs only on the

January, 1840. ; c

high mountains of the South of Japan, whence I received it
alive. It succeeded very well in the Botanical Garden of
Dezima, and would be a beautiful ornament of our gardens.”
(Flora Japonica, p. 23.)

The species now figured was found by Dr. Wallich’s people
in Kamaon, and by Professor Royle on the highest mountains
of the Himalayas, such as Acharanda and Urrukta. D. sta-
minea and Brunoniana are, we are informed by the same
authority, common about Mussooree, and every where in the
mountains at similar elevations. (Illustrations, p. 216.)

In the Gardens this forms a very pretty and hardy shrub,
growing four or five feet high in any good garden soil, and
requiring about the same treatment as the species of Phila-
delphus. It yields an agreeable lemon-scent, and flowers, if
planted in the open border, about June ; but it will force very
well, if subjected to the same treatment as Persian Lilacs, and
such plants. It strikes readily from cuttings of the half-ripe
wood, and the young plants flower freely when so multiplied.

The plant, in the Garden of the Horticultural Society,
from which this figure was taken, was first presented to the
Society by Mr. H. Low of Clapton, who received it from Dr.
v. Siebold. It was subsequently raised in the garden from

seeds received from the Honourable Court of Directors of the
East India Company.

Fig. 1. represents a section of a flower, deprived of its
petals, and shewing the manner in which the placente are
constructed. Fig. 2. is a transverse section of the ovary.
Fig. 3. is one of the star-like hairs with which the branches,
leaves, fruit, and back of the petals are, more or less, closely
covered; it is not however magnified enough to shew the real
nature of these most curious parts. If highly magnified the
stellate hairs of this plant are among the most beautiful of all
microscopical objects, and I can compare them to nothing so
well as to stars formed of icicles covered with little glittering
points. There is this remarkable in their structure, that each
star has a convex centre, whence the rays diverge, appearing
to be thé apex of a primitive hair, of which the rays are the
second joints planted perpendicularly upon it. This is very
imperfectly shewn in the highly magnified figures given in
Dr. v. Siebold’s beautiful plates.

D. parviflora of Bunge is hardly distinct from this species.

6

EPIDENDRUM glumaceum.

Glumaceous Epidendrum.

Nat. ord. ORCHIDACEA, $ EPIDENDREX.
EPIDENDRUM. Botanical Register, vol. 1. fol. 17.

$ OSMOPHYTUM, Bot. Reg. 1839. misc. no. 135.

E. glumaceum ; pseudobulbis ovatis apice angustatis diphyllis, foliis anguste
oblongis patentibus, racemo terminali cylindraceo e squamis glumaceis
acuminatissimis pedunculo longioribus erumpente, sepalis linearibus pe-
talisque į lineari-lanceolatis acuminatissimis, labello obovato acuminato
convexo integerrimo basi unicalloso. Bot. Reg. mise.no. 50. \

This very pretty plant was imported from Brazil by
Messrs. Rollissons. It has the habit and sweet odour of
E. fragrans, from which it differs in the colour of its flowers,
in the long tapering figure of the flower-buds, which is
caused by the peculiar form of the sepals and petals, and in
the shape of the labellum, which is convex not concave, obo-
vate, and delicately striped with pink at its base.

It derives its specific name from the long, withered, sharp-
pointed, ribbed scales, resembling the glumes of grasses, out
of which the raceme of flowers grows.

It submits readily to cultivation in the moist stove. The
soil in which it grows best is rich brown turfy peat, well
mixed with the materials of drainage. It requires a good
supply of water, both at its roots and also over its leaves, and
is not so easily injured from this element as many other plants
belonging to the order. This treatment however is of course
only applicable during its growing season, for, like other
plants of the kind, it should be kept nearly dry at certain
periods.

It is propagated by division of the rhizoma or prostrate
ringed stem, out of which the pseudo-bulbs grow. Every
ring is produced by the fall of a scale, or rudimentary leaf;

in the axil of every one of those scales there is a bud, capable
of becoming a young plant; under ordinary circumstances
however, a few only of such buds develope and become pseudo-
bulbs, the rest remaining dormant. But although dormant
they are not dead ; and if the rhizoma is cut to pieces, and
thus the power of lengthening at the end arrested, the plant

will seek to repair its losses by the developement of the
dormant buds.

`

Fep- 1840

M parta, 16) 7

by TR

Pw

7

* MANDEVILLA vitm colons.

Sweet-scented Mandevilla.

AM a
PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. ord. APocvNACEX, $ ECHITEA.

MANDEVILLA. Calyx pentaphyllus, imbricatus, erectus, intús annulo
pectinato auctus. Corolla hypogyna, campanulato-infundibularis, fauce tubo-
que esguamatis, limbi 5-fidi laciniis subeequilateris. Stamina 5, basi corolla
tubi inserta: anthere in conum circa stigma conniventes, apice membra-
nace. Ovarium biloculare, polyspermum. Stylus unus; stigma conicum, a
latere 5-foveatum, basi campanulatum 5-lobum, apice bicuspidatum. An-
nulus hypogynus 5-lobus, carnosus; lobis truncatis. Fructus .. .
Frutex Bonariensis, volubilis, foliis petiolatis membranaceis, stipulis pectinatis,
racemis secundis axillaribus multifforis.

MANDEVILLA suaveolens.

Caulis volubilis; ramis penne corvine crassitie, glabris, supra nodos pilo-
sis. Folia opposita, petiolata, cordato-oblonga, membranacea, subtis glauca,
suprà glabra, venarum pagine inferioris axillis villosis; stipule pectinate.
Racemi azillares, longipedunculati, nutantes, multiflori ; floribus magnis, can-
didis, odoratissimis, secundis. Corolle lacinie oblonge, undulate, apiculate ;
tubus intis 10-plicatus. Filamenta pubescentia. Stigmatis lobi in margine
inferiore crenati. Annulus pectinatus inter corolle et calycis basis pallidus,

carnosus, annuli hypogyni longitudine.

This new climber was sent from Buenos Ayres, by H. J.
Mandeville, Esq., H. M. Minister at that place, to the Hon.
W. F. Strangways, by whom seeds were presented to the Hor-
ticultural Society. 1t had been collected by Mr. Tweedy,
‘and sent home under the name of the Chile Jasmine.

It has, however, no other relation to the Jasmine than
that it is a twiner, with white fragrant flowers. The latter
are most deliciously sweet; and, from their large size and
snowy whiteness, very beautiful to look upon. It will pro-
bably form an abundant flowerer ; but, like all seedling
shrubs, its first stage of growth is more productive of foliage

than blossoms.

* I have much pleasure in naming this beautiful twiner after Henry John
Mandeville, Esq. H.B.M. Minister at Buenos Ayres, to whom we arein-
debted for the introduction of this and many other interesting plants.

February, 1840. D

I find no genus of the order with which it can be iden-
tified, unless it is thrown into Echites; from which it is
clearly distinguished, 1. by the form of its corolla, which is
more like that of Beaumontia than of Echites; and 2. by the
presence of a pectinated ring between the bases of the calyx
and corolla. This unwonted appendage occurs also in some
Acanthacezx, and in a few other cases; but its real nature
has never, that I am aware of, been suspected. It would

appear, however, that in this case it represents the stipules
of the calycine leaves !

Although its fruit is unknown, there can be little doubt
that it is a genus to be added to the tribe Echitee in End-
licher’s genera plantarum; to which also I may take this
opportunity of observing must be united the genus Hema-

dictyon, published in the year 1824, in the 6th volume of the
Horticultural Transactions, p. 70.

Fig. 1. represents the anthers, adhering in a cone, and
that portion of the corolla from which they spring ; 2. shews
the very curious stigma; 3. is a view of the accessory pecti-
nated ring, and the hypogynous scales already mentioned,
together with the ovary and the base of the style.

The seeds of this beautiful plant were sown in a pit, with
very little heat, where they soon germinated. Some of the
plants raised in this manner were planted out of doors early
in spring; others were grown in pots, and trained round
trellis work ; and a third set were planted out in a conserva-
tory, which was kept rather above the usual temperature.
Those planted out in the open air grew freely, but did not
shew any signs of flower, and were destroyed by the frost in
winter: those cultivated in pots grew rapidly, but would not
flower: while those which were planted out in the conserva-
tory covered a great space of wall, and flowered freely.
Therefore those who wish to see this plant in perfection
should plant it out in the conservatory, and train the young
shoots to their utmost length, as it is always near the ends of
the shoots where it blooms. After the flowering season is
over the plants should be pruned back, in the same manner

as vines, or other plants which bear their flowers and fruit
upon the wood of the same year.

It is easily propagated from cuttings.

Pawb

Ay I Pena, 169 Piccadilly Fet! 1840

$ Barclay pe

8

* IMPATIENS macrochila.
Large-lipped Balsam.

PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat ord. BALSAMINEZ (Geraniacearum mera $).
IMPATIENS. Linn.

I. macrochila ; annua, erecta, succulenta, foliis glabris alternis ovato-lanceo-
latis serratis, petiolo brevi glanduloso, floribus terminalibus umbellatis,
sepalo dorsali ovato acuminato apice recurvo, calcare brevi clavato in-
flexo, petalorum lamine lobo altero maximo ovato-lanceolato deflexo,
fructu brevi obovato apiculato.

This fine species of Balsam was, last year, introduced by the Hon.
Court of Directors of the East India Company, and flowered abun-
dantly in the garden of the Horticultural Society during the whole of
the autumn. It is a native of the North of India, grows eight or ten
feet high, and appears to be quite as hardy as any of our annuals,
provided it is not exposed to frost.

Much discussion has taken place within a few years among Bota-
nists as to the real nature of the parts which constitute the very irre-
gular flower of a Balsam.. According to Roper and others the two
membranous external scales, and the spur, alone belong to the calyx,
of which the two other sepals are usually deficient on that side of the
flower which is opposite the spur; on the other hand the corolla con-
sists of the large upper or back-piece, and of the two lateral inner
wings, each of which last consists of two petals; and this view has
been adopted by me in the Natural System of Botany, p. 138.

On the other hand, Achille Richard considers the two smaller
exterior scales, together with the spurred and the back interior pieces,
as forming a four-leaved calyx, while he regards the two innermost —
lobed pieces as two pairs of petals of a four-leaved corolla.

A third view is that of Bernhardi, who regards the exterior scales
as bracts, the calyx as consisting of five parts, of which three only,
namely, the spur and the back piece which is double, are present, and
the others rudimentary or missing; while the corolla also consists of
five parts, of which the four lower are united in pairs into the two
innermost lobed pieces, and the fifth is either separate, as in Hydro-
cera, or consolidated with the two back united sepals into what he
calls a petal-sepal.

A fourth view is that of Kunth, who considers the large back
piece of the flower to be composed of two sepals, and together with
the spur and exterior scales to form a five-leaved calyx; while he finds
in the two innermost parts a corolla of four petals united in pairs,
and he assumes the fifth petal to be abortive. This opinion has been
adopted by Arnott in 1833, and by Presl in 1836, the latter having

* So called from the impatience of the irritable fruit, which when ripe
bursts with elasticity upon the slightest touch, whence the name of Noli
tangere, or Touch me not.

discovered the fifth or missing petal to be present occasionally in the
garden Balsam, and always in Hydrocera triflora; both these Bota-
nists finding in the genus Hydrocera the back piece, which is simple in
Impatiens, composed of two parts, and therefore confirming the accu-

racy of the theory of Kunth.

Other opinions, more or less resembling these, have been formed
by other persons, for which I have no room in this place; and they
are the less important because I think the plant now before us shows
that Kunth’s theory is the only one that is correct.

If we make a section horizontally through a young flower-bud of
this plant, we find the appearances represented at fig. 1. in the accom-
panying plate. There is in the centre an ovary of five cells; with
these alternate the five stamens, of which the fifth or anterior has a
longer filament than the others; so far the structure is regular, and we
have all the necessary evidence of the flower, however irregular, being
formed upon a quinary type. Right and left of the stamens stand the
two innermost pieces ; these cannot be simple, because they are. oppo-
site the intermediate stamens ; but their two-lobed figure, when full
grown, shews that each is double, and then, their apparent centre
being in fact their united margins, they alternate with the anterior
stamens, and so fall into the place usually destined for petals. The
last mentioned parts are half enveloped by the back piece, which
might, from its position, be the fifth petal; but the case of Hydrocera
shewing it really to consist of two united parts, they must be opposite
the stamens, and consequently are sepals. Next comes the spur, which
overlaps the back piece, and stands opposite the anterior stamen ; as
no tendency to divide on the part of this piece is ever found it must
be a sepal. Finally, the external scales, placed right and left of the
whole flower, alternate with those parts already shewn to be sepals,
and consequently are recognized as the two parts of the calyx required
to complete the quinary place of the whole flower. It will be re-
marked, that a fifth petal has not been found; if the eye is turned upon
the back piece, already found to be composed of two sepals, it will be
seen that a part is missing between those two and the two corres-
ponding stamens; and this is the place where the abortion of a fifth
of the corolla may, upon the evidence of this flower, be assumed to
_ occur, and where it is proved to take place by the evidence of Hydro-
cera, in which the part missing in the Balsam makes its appearance.

The annexed diagram will
serve to illustrate the preceding
observations, the parts of the
flower, as they really exist in
Impatiens being projected upon
a plane consisting of five circles,
of which the exterior (S) repre-
sents the sepals or calyx, the
next (P) the petals or corolla,
the third (s) the stamens, the
fourth (c) the carpels, and the
central (p) the placenta, or axis.

With regard to the remain-
der of the analyses, Fig. 2. re-
presents the stamens; 3. the

ovary, style, and stigma; 4. the
ripe fruit,

A E
4 Rendon bc

9

IMPATIENS tricornis.
Three-horned Balsam.

a —

PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
Nat. ord. BALSAMINEA (Geraniacearum mera $).
IMPATIENS. Linneus.

I. ¢ricornis ; annua erecta, foliis alternis lanceolatis serratis pilosis in petio-
lum eglandulosum longé angustatis, racemis axillaribus pilosis foliis
multó brevioribus, sepalo dorsali oblongo subbilobo sinu cuspidato dorso
in cornu producto, calcare acuminato incurvo, petalorum lobo altero
rotundato altero elongato acutiusculo, fructu longo lineari.

India swarms with species of this beautiful genus, all of
which deserve the care of the cultivator. According to Dr.
Wight, (Madras Journal, January, 1837,) at least a hundred
species occur in those distriets from which Roxburgh described
only three. Forty-seven species are named by Wallich from
Silhet, Pundooa, Nipal, and the Peninsula, multitudes occur
in Ceylon, and the islands of the Indian Archipelago, and
among the four raised last year from the collections distributed
by the East India Company, the two now figured are new;
the others are 7. glandulifera of Royle and J. longicornu of
Wallich, which last has been well figured lately in the Floral
Cabinet under the name of J. picta.

Dr. Wight, in his valuable paper above quoted, states that
a moist climate and moderate temperature are the circum-
stances most favourable, if not indispensable, to their pro-
duction.

“ At Courtallum, for example, whence I have eleven or
twelve species, they most abound in shady places on the tops
of the hills, with a mean temperature during the season of
their greatest perfection not exceeding 70°, if so much. At
Shevaggery, about fifty miles north of Courtallum, I found
five, out of seven, species on the highest tops of the moun-
tains ; none of the five under 4,000 feet, and three of them
above 4,500 feet of elevation; the mean temperature, as
deduced from twenty observations, continued through four
days, at an elevation of 4,100 feet, being 65° of Fahrenheit’s
scale. The two found at a lower elevation, were both either
growing in the gravelly beds of streams, or immediately on
their banks; the temperature of which was ascertained to
be 65°, while that of the air at noon was only about 75°, a
temperature, I presume, but little above that in which they
delight on the Bengal frontiers. There is one other point,
respecting the effect of climate on plants of this genus, to
which I wish to call attention, as it may ultimately prove

useful to any one who may again attempt to subdivide it,
and is, in the meantime, in a physiological point of view, ex-
ceedingly curious. It is, that most of the species from the
colder regions of the Himalaya mountains correspond with
the European I. noli tangere, in the form and dehiscence of
their capsule, that is, they split from the base, rolling the
segments towards the apex, while those of the warmer regions
split from the apex and roll their segments towards the base.
This difference of habit between those of India Proper and
the Himalayan forms is well worthy of notice, as it shows,
that the affinity which exists between the flora of the latter
and that of Europe, is stronger than between it and the
Indian, and extends to even this most purely tropical genus.

« The innate power which plants enjoy of selecting the
soil and climate in different countries, however remote, most
suitable to their perfect development, and which the pre-
ceding remarks have shown to be so eminently possessed by
those of this order, may, when the subject has been more
studied and is better understood, prove of immense benefit to
the scientific cultivator.”

The plant now represented appears to be nearest to
I. campanulata, from which it differs in inflorescence, in its
flowers being yellow not cream-coloured, and in the dorsal
sepal having a spur in the middle of its back. It derives its
name of “ three-horned” from the spur, the horn just men-
tioned and the apex of the back sepal together forming three
conical processes.

Connected with these plants is a point of structure de- .
serving of attention. In J. macrochila it will be found that
the style is surrounded below its apex by five points,* which
are evidently continuations of the backs of the carpels, (see
fig. 3, t. 8.). What are these points? It appears to me that
they are only the points of the carpellary leaves, which cer-
tainly in these plants are separate from the placenta, and
are merely pressed down upon it so as to cover the ovules,
thus confirming the accuracy of the views concerning placen-
tation held by Schykofsky and Schleiden. If so, what else
_ can the upper part of the style and the stigmas be, except the

naked apex of the placenta, prolonged beyond the carpellary
leaves? And then is not the conducting tissue of a style in
most cases an extension of the placenta? and may we not
consider the indusium of Goodeniacex, and, a fortiori, tbe
well known rim found upon the stigma in Ericaces, as the
expanded end of the carpellary leaves, while the stigma of
those plants is the upper end of the placenta? These are
points well worthy of investigation.

* These are also shown by Dr. Wight in hi j andis
aid ls y Dr. Wight in his figures of Impatiens gr

10

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10

ONCIDIUM ornithorhynchum.
Bird-billed Oncidium.

GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.

Nat. ord. ORCHIDACEA, $ VANDEA.
ONCIDIUM. Botanical Register, vol. 13. fol. 1050.

O. ornithorhynchum; pseudobulbis ovatis diphyllis, foliis ensiformibus recurvis
scapo paniculato brevioribus, sepalis lineari-oblongis undulatis reflexis
omnino liberis, labelli panduriformis lobis lateralibus acutis intermedio
bilobo, cristà e lamellis 5 crenatis apice rostratis constante, columnee alis
cuneatis dentatis, stigmate longi-rostrato.

O. ornithorhynchum. Humboldt, Bonpland, $ Kunth. Nov. gen. et sp. plant.
I. 345. t. 80. Genera $ Species Orchid. 204. Bateman Orchid. Mex.
et Guatemal. t. 4. "

O. roseum. Hort.

This beautiful epiphyte was originally found by Humboldt
and Bonpland in the temperate parts of Mexico, near El
Puerto de Andaracuas, between the towns of Guanaxato and
Valladolid de Mechoacan, on mountains, at the elevation of
6,000 feet above the sea, flowering in September. It has
also been met with by Mr. Hartweg, at a place called Llano
Verde, loaded, in the month of July, with larger and finer
flowers than I have yet seen in our garden specimens.
Mr. Skinner again found it in Guatemala, and sent it to
Mr. Bateman, who published the first figure from living
plants in his magnificent work on the Orchidacee of Mexico
and Guatemala, t. 4.

In their natural state the panicles of rosy flowers are
pendulous, and extremely ornamental; their beauty is much
impaired when they are tied up to a stake, and so forced into
a position alien to their habits. They have an agreeable
odour, which Mr. Bateman compares with justice to new hay.

In this species we have another instance to add to those
of O. Russellianum, Lanceanum, and pulchellum of violet
flowers in a genus so very generally yellow. In the coloured

copies of Humboldt’s genera and species they are really made
yellow; which should be a warning to all Botanists how they
judge of the colours of flowers from dried specimens.

At the upper left-hand corner of the accompanying plate
is a magnified view of the anther, from which the specific
name of bird-billed has been taken, and with it the toothed
wings of the column, and the peculiar crest of the lip, which
forms one of the most prominent characters of the species.

It must have the temperature of the stove, and succeeds
best if suspended from the roof upon a block of wood. In
this situation its flowers hang down and look very graceful.
When the roots are thrown out for nourishment they must
be freely syringed, and preserved from wood-lice or other
insects. It must have a period of rest, and at that time it
should be kept cool and dry.

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11

PUYA ceerulea.
Blue Puya.

HEXANDRIA TRYGYNIA.

Nat. ord. BROMELIACEX.

PUYA Molina. Sepala subeegualia, mox convoluta. Petala inferné
convoluta, basi appendiculata, mox spiralia. Stamina inclusa; antheree li-
neares, basi emarginate, Ovarium semisuperum, stigmatibus linearibus spi-
raliter convolutis. Capsule supera, cartilaginea, loculicido-trivalvis ; semina
atra, compressa, marginata.

P. cerulea; foliis linearibus acuminatissimis spinoso-dentatis glabriusculis,
scapo paniculato, floribus pedicellatis bracteis oblongis concavis mem-
branaceis acuminatis longioribus, petalis plumbeo-cceruleis obtusis sepa-
lis multó longioribus.

Pourretia coerulea. Miers’ travels in Chile, p. 530. absq. descr.

Folia 2-pedalia, canaliculata, subtüs obsolete furfuracea. Scapus 3-4-
pedalis, foliis in vaginas membranaceas serratas mutatis arctéó imbricatus.
Bractee membranacee, spathacee, infime serrate, superiores inermes, flores
pedicellatos imbricantes. | Sepala ovata, herbacea, corollá plus dupld breviora.
Petala oblonga, obtusa, convoluta, basi squamá staminis basin amplectante
aucta; post anthesin convoluta et in colorem roseum mutata. Stamina alterna
breviora; ea petalis opposita longiora; antheris linearibus basi sagittatis.
Ovarium semisuperum, 3-loculare, polyspermum ; placentis didymis; stylus
tripartibilis ; stigmatibus unilateralibus convolutis.

A specimen of this singular plant was exhibited in 1838,
at one of the meetings of the Horticultural Society in Regent
Street, by Mr. Lambert, under the name of Pourretia ceru-
lea. I am informed by that gentleman that it is the species
so called by Mr. Miers, and that he has cultivated it, with
Pourretia coarctata, a finer plant, having stems seven or eight
feet high, each bearing several hundred flowers, and P.
rubricaulis, in a greenhouse nearly filled with them.

From Puya, the Pourretia of the Flora Peruviana, as
defined by the younger Schultes, in his revision of the Brome-
liaceous order, in Romer and Schultes’ Systema Vegetabilium,
it differs in its ovary being only half superior, in having scales

February, 1840. E

at the base of the petals, and in its calyx not becoming con-
volute after flowering ; but I have no doubt that the cha-
racter assigned to Puya in the above work is erroneous, and
requires emendation. The ovary is half inferior like that of
a Pitcairnia; but the capsule is almost wholly superior, and
this is one of the more material characters of Puya.

It is a showy half-hardy perennial, looking like a narrow-
leaved Pine-apple, and a few years since was common in
collections, but so many specimens were destroyed in the
severe winter of 1837-8, that most persons lost it, and it will
now be necessary to procure seeds again from Valparaiso,
where it is probably common. If not injured by frost, it will
grow in the poorest soil, and the driest situations, and would
form a most picturesque ornament of rough rocky banks in
the warmer parts of England and Ireland.

I am not aware of the quality of the fibre contained in
its leaves, but from their toughness, and its relation to the
plants that yield Pita, and New Zealand flax, it is probable
that it would be worth examination in this respect.

There seems no reason for preferring the generic name
Pourretia to the more ancient Puya of Molina.

G Barclay fe.

b 4 Reiclopevray $ 64 y Fal

12

MAXILLARIA cucullata.
Hooded Maxillaria.

GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.

Nat. Ord. OncuipACEX, $ VANDEA.
MAXILLARIA. Botanical Register, vol. 11. fol. 897.

$ 2. ScAPIGERA; scapis radicalibus imbricatim squamatis unifloris.

M. cucullata; pseudobulbis ovalibus compressis monophyllis, folio lato scapis
longiore, vaginis imbricatis inflatis, bracteá cucullatá ovario longiore,
sepalis ovatis acuminatis erectis, petalis conformibus pauló minoribus,
labello oblongo carnoso trilobo petalorum longitudine: lobis lateralibus
nauis intermedio elongato obtuso apice incrassato apiculato, callo disci
spathulato loborum lateralium longitudine.

A native of equinoctial America, whence it is said to
have been brought by Mr. Henchman. For my specimens I
am indebted to His Grace the Duke of Devonshire, who
ordered them to be sent from Chatsworth in September, 1838.
The species is one of the less interesting of the genus, and
in its habit and general appearance approaches the Trigo-
nidia. It belongs to a rather large section of true Maxil-
larias, characterized by their peduncles being constantly
one-flowered, densely clothed with scale-like sheaths, and
proceeding immediately from the base of the pseudo-bulbs

which lie upon the earth.

Of this section several have been defined in the Genera
and Species of Orchidaceous Plants,* and others have ap-
peared in Póppig and Endlicher’s Nova Genera et Species
Plantarum, so that among my collections of unpublished plants
belonging to the Vandeous section of Orchidacez I find only
one to add. That one is a native of Mexico, where it was
first found by Count Karwinski, at Teoxomulco, near Oaxaca.

* I am happy to state that a sixth part of this work, comprehending
Arethusee, Gastrodiee, and Vanillee, is in the printer's hands, and may be
expected in about a month.

As I believe it exists in this country in a living state I
subjoin* its character, taken from specimens given me by
Mr. Bateman, and from others in the herbarium of Dr. von
Martius.

Fig. 1. shews the petals and labellum, seen from one side ;
2. ìs a view of the labellum from the inside; 3. is the column,
with the pollen-masses adhering to the apex; 4. are the
pollen-masses themselves, placed considerably below the upper
end of their caudicula.

In cultivating this species great care must be taken not
to let too much water into the scales of the young shoots, for
it is very apt to rot them, and so spoil the pseudo-bulbs. The
temperature of the stove in which it is grown should be kept
low in the cold and cloudy weather of winter, and gradually
raised as spring advances. In fact it is very unnatural, and
highly injurious to grow plants of this kind in a temperature
of 70° or 80° in the dull weather of winter, for it is applying

the stimulus of heat without the corresponding action of
light.

It should be potted in brown turfy peat well mixed with
drainage, and treated generally as other plants of this kind.

E * MAXILLARIA rhombea: acaulis, pseudobulbis ovalibus ancipitibus,
folis . . . . . , vaginis acutis carinatis, bracteá ovario zequali, sepalis peta-
lisque acutis, labello subrhombeo-trilobo : lacinià intermedia oblonga apicu-
lata medio exaratá lateralibus nanis rotundatis appendice planá retusá lon-
gioribus.— — Mexico, Oaxacee, Karwinski.

13

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13

CEREUS leucanthus.
White Torch-thistle.

ICOSANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
Nat. ord. CACTACELA.
CEREUS. Botanical Register, vol. 4. fol. 304.

C. leucanthus ; caule conico multangulari, costis obtusis, spinis 9-13 validis
subulatis patentibus fusco-griseis unico centrali subzqualibus : lana
brevissimá, squamis tubum floris vestientibus minimis basi radiatim pi-
losis, sepalis petalisque acutissimis staminibus multó longioribus.

C. leucanthus. Pfeiffer Cact. p. 74.

Echinocactus leucanthus. Gillies.

This fine plant was originally received by the Horticultural
Society from the late Dr. Gillies, who found it in Chili; it
flowered in the Society’s garden for the first time in 1831,
when its blossoms had not gained their full size, and again in
August 1836, at which time they had acquired the beautiful
form and colour now represented.

The specimen in question is now between nine and ten
inches high, seven inches in diameter at the base, whence it
tapers away till its diameter is not more than three or four
inches. It has seventeen ribs at the base, and twenty-two at
the top, which are obtuse, and a little wavy, but gradually
disappear altogether near the ground, where the stem be-
comes round. The spines are brownish when young, and
spring from the midst of a quantity of brown wool, which
becomes grey with age, and at last disappears; when full
with from 9 to 13 in an outer row, and one in the centre,
grown they are rather more than an inch long, dull grey,
stiff, terete, a little curved right and left from the centre,
which is straighter, but scarcely longer than the others. The
flowers are six inches long, pure white inside, but dull olive
green on the outside and on the top, with a tinge of pink at
the points of the sepals and outer petals. The apex of the
plant is so closely covered with wool as to look not a little
like a Melocactus.

March, 1840. F

The most healthy plants of this species are those which
are either raised from seed in this country, or imported when
small and in a growing state. Whenever the seed is ripe it
should be sown in sand and placed on a warm dry shelf; it
will vegetate freely, and the seedlings should have very little
water. ‘They will root well in the sand, and need not be
potted until they are pretty strong plants. The best soil for
potting is loam, peat, and brick rubbish, but it should never
be very rich, and the pots must be well drained.

The practice of growing plants of this kind in dung or tan
frames has been very much eulogised, and some specimens
which have been sent from the continent to this country,
reared in this manner, were certainly healthy and beautiful.
Those who adopt this system in summer, must however
take care to remove their plants into a dry atmosphere before

the approach of winter, or they will be very apt to lose some
of their finest specimens.

The present species will live in any cool dry atmosphere
a few degrees above the freezing point in winter, but will not
grow or flower under a temperature of 55» or 60°.

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14
ONCIDIUM stramineum.

Straw-coloured Oncidium.

GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.

Nat. ord. ORCHIDACEA, Y VANDER.
ONCIDIUM. Botanical Register, vol. 9. fol. 727.

O. stramineum ; ebulbe, foliis crassis carnosis ovato-lanceolatis acutis dorso
rotundatis scapo paniculato rigido erecto brevioribus, sepalis subrotundis
unguiculatis concavis liberis integerrimis, petalis dupló majoribus ob-
longis obtusis emarginatis margine crispis, labelli lobis lateralibus ob-
longis carnosis acutis margine -revolutis basi’ columnee proximâ nectari-
feris intermedio reniformi plano emarginato longioribus, tuberculis disci
4 geminatis, columne alis carnosis linearibus obtusis elongatis genuflexis
decurvis. Bot. Reg. 1838. misc. no. 63.-

Of this pretty species a short account has already been
given in this work among the miscellaneous matter for the
year 1838. It was one of the first plants sent from Vera
Cruz to the Horticultural Society by Mr. Hartweg, who
found it at a place called Zacuapan, where some other fine
things, especially the rare and beautiful Berberis tenuifolia,

were obtained.

This species is readily known when out of flower by its
rigid fleshy unspotted leaves, rounded, not keeled, at the
back. When in flower the stiff panicles, and pale straw
coloured blossoms, smelling slightly of primroses, together
with the peculiar form of the wings of the column, and the
almost orbicular sepals, offer sufficient means of recognition.

Fig. 1. represents the lip and column, the latter with the
narrow falcate deflexed wings peculiar to this species ; fig. 2.
is a transverse section of a leaf to show its thickness and.
peculiar form.

O. stramineum will not submit readily to the same treat-
ment as is given to the West Indian species of this genus.
It is injured by that degree of heat in which they flourish;
the leaves which it forms under it are small, and the flowers

in many cases are not fully developed. It is a curious fact
that two plants—one in the garden of the Horticultural
Society, and the other in the collection of George Barker,
Esq., of Birmingham—threw up flower stems, which instead
of producing flowers formed leaves; and this was probably
owing to over excitement, for, another plant which was gene-
rally kept at the coolest end of the stove was always healthy,
and perfected flowers in abundance. It may either be potted
or suspended upon wood from the rafters of the stove, where
1t does not require so much water as the free-growing species,

but it may be frequently syringed in the growing season with -
good effect.

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15

SOLANÜUM uncinellum.
Hook-petalled Solanum.

eg

PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. ord. SOLANACEZ.
SOLANUM. Botanical Register, vol. 1. fol. 72.

S. uncinellum (NYCTERIUM) ; inerme, herbaceum, foliis integerrimis ovato-
lanceolatis subcordatis obsoletê pubescentibus, paniculá terminali, caly-
cibus campanulatis 5-crenatis, corolle laciniis apice uncinatis, antheris
apice biporosis alterà productiore.

Caules decumbentes, herbacei, obscurê pubescentes, filiformes, virides.
Folia alterna, ovato-lanceolata, basi subcordata, leviter pubescentia, integer-
rima, 2 pollices longa, petiolo suo duplà longiora. Panicula terminalis, simplez,
ramis subtrifloris. Flores rosei. Calyx campanulatus, dentibus 5 brevibus
rotundatis. Corolla demitm patens imó revoluta, estivatione inflexo-valvari, .
laciniis apice uncinato-inflexis. Anthere libere, apice biporose, conni-
ventes sed nullo modo coherentes; alterd ceteris ob filamentum longius produc-
tiore. Stylus pubescens ; stigma obscuré 2-lobum.

This plant flowered in the year 1837 in the garden of
the Horticultural Society, in the month of July, but having
been subsequently destroyed by the severe winter of 1837-8
its history was lost with it, and search has in vain been made
for it in books. It was a pretty decumbent pink-flowered
herbaceous plant, perhaps an annual, and appeared very
different from any thing in the collections of this country.

If the genus Nycterium is to be preserved, and the sin-
gular elongation of one anther is a peculiarity deserving of
consideration, then the present plant will belong to it.

In some respects it approaches the S. loxense of Dunal,
but that species is not said to be a Nycterium ; in other cir-
cumstances it would seem referable to the vicinity of $. lyci-
oides and caudicans, but the habit of those plants is by no
means that of the plant before us.

Fig. 1. represents the stamens, the principal part of the
corolla having been cut away.

16

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16

RIGIDELLA flammea.
Flame-coloured Stiff-stalk.

a ———

MONADELPHIA TRIANDRIA.

| Naf. ord. ÍRIDACEZA.

RIGIDELLA. Folia equitantia, plicata, vaginantia. Wlores fascicu-
lati, terminales, intra spatham bivalvem ; pedunculi sub anthesi decurvi, mox
fructu maturescente strictissimê erecti. Perianthium triphyllum; foliolis
basi imbricatis, convolutis, infra medium constrictis, limbo concavo revoluto,
post anthesin spiraliter tortis. Stamina 3, in tubum exsertum connata, an-
theris tantum linearibus, erectis, liberis. Stigmata 3, bipartita, dorso appen-
diculata, antheris opposita; laciniis linearibus, apice papillosis. Capsula
papyracea, apice 3-valvis, polysperma. Semina subglobosa, punctata, raphe
et chalazà conspicuis.

Rigidella flammea.

This very pretty plant was found by Mr. Hartweg in the
earlier of his excursions in Mexico, and was by him sent to
the Horticultural Society, where it proves to be of easy culti-
vation, requiring exactly the same treatment as a Tigridia.

It grows from three to five feet high, with broad equitant
strongly plaited leaves, which are dilated at the base where
they sheath the stem. The flowers grow in a dense umbel
from within a two-valved spathe, and open singly day by day ;
they are drooping, and ofa bright flame colour, with a com-
panulate tube, and a reflexed limb strongly marked at the
base with short deep purple stripes. After flowering, the
stalks, which are long and slender, become erect, and so
rigid as to bear the seed vessel perfectly erect, even when
gravid with seeds; from which circumstance the generic
name has been contrived. ;

Upon submitting the drawing to the Hon. and Rev. Wm.

Herbert, who is now making this subject his peculiar study,
that gentleman favoured me with a note, of which the follow-

ing is an extract.

* Rigidella flammea appears to me to be a very singular
plant, widely removed from any known genus. lts capsule
conforms closely with that of Tigridia, though the seed is dif-
ferent; and in the structure of its stamina and style it ap-
proaches that genus, but differs from all the uncrested genera
I have observed in having an anterior space at the point
where the stigma-lobes diverge. This anterior space, which
by the drawing appears to be entire, and not divided or eroded
in conformity with the lobes, occupies nearly the position
(though placed rather higher) of the true stigma in the
genera, which, like Iris, Marica, and Cypella, have posterior
crests. The perianth is no less remarkable, being as it seems
tubeless, and consisting of three sepals with reflex laminz, of
which the ungues appear to be strangely convolute, and the
petals absolutely deficient. We are accustomed to the dimi-
nution and distortion of the three petals in some of the Cape
Iridacez, to their being nearly deficient in Iris tridentata, and
reduced to a mere bristle in 7. setosa, which is brachycuspis of

Bot. Mag., but I know no instance of their being absolutely
deficient."

_ At present this plant is exceedingly rare, but as a few
seeds were ripened last year in the Horticultural garden, it is
to be hoped that plants will be ready in the course of the
summer to give to the Fellows of the Society.

_ Fig. l. is a view of the column of stamens, and of the
stigma as it is seen between the anthers; 2. represents the
stigma itself; 3. is a ripe capsule,-and 4. a ripe seed, turned
so as to bring the raphe and distended chalaza into view.

— —M— DÀ

Mis Drake del * Pale by S Ridyuray 169 Vocal Mur 1. 1840 9 Bonolay se

17

SPIRAA vacciniifolia.
Bilberry-leaved Spirea.

ICOSANDRIA PENTAGYNIA.

Nat. ord. RosACEX.
SPIRAEA. Botanical Register, vol. 15. Jol. 1222.

S. vacciniifolia (CHAM&DRYON) ; ramulis filiformibus pubescentibus, foliis
ovatis serrulatis v. duplicato-serratis basi integerrimis] subtüs glaucis,
paniculis terminalibus densé corymbosis tomentosis, toro denticulato.

S. vacciniifolia. Don prodr. fi. nep. 227. DC. prodr. v. 2. 546. Bot. Reg.
1839. misc. no. 88.

Frutex debilis, 1-3 pedes altus, ramis glabris, ramulis filiformibus pube-
scentibus. Folia ovata, plana, serrata, nunc Sere integra, basi. semper integer-
rima, subtus glauca, petiolo venisque primariis rufescentibus; maxima polli-
caria. Paniculæ terminales, tomentose, corymbose; ramis in capitulum quasi
aggregatis. Calycis laciniæ ovate, acute, petalis albis, subrotundis, emargi-
natis integrisve, concavis breviores. Stamina 20, petalis longiora, extra tori
marginem elevatum, liberum, denticulatum inserta. Ovaria 5, libera.

A Nepal shrub, introduced by Professor Royle, who pre-
sented its seeds to the Horticultural Society in the year 1835.
It is a very pretty species, almost as hardy as a Gueldres
Rose, its branches having been little injured even in the
severe winter of 1837-8; it grows from one to three feet
high, prefers an American Border, and strikes freely from

cuttings of the half-ripened wood.

The Society possesses two varieties of it, of one of which
figs. 1. and 2. in the accompanying plate represent a leaf and
flower, while fig. 3. is a leaf of the other. Of these the latter
is much more slender and dwarf, and rather more tender than
the other, but there are scarcely any further differences be-
tween them.

The S. vacciniifolia of the Botanical Cabinet, t. 1408, is
apparently S. puer kn rather than the species now figured.

March, 1840. G

Op
Keb. F 8

A
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7 ACC di ,
dilly March 184.0

78

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18

SATYRIUM pustulatum.
Pustular Satyrium.

GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.

Nat. Ord. ORCHIDACES, $ OPHRYDEA.
SATYRIUM. Botanical Register, vol. 5. fol. 416.

S. pustulatum ;* folis binis radicalibus cordato-orbicularibus planis papillo-
sis, vaginis caulis appressis apice acutis foliaceis patentibus complicatis, .
spicâ oblonga obtusa multiflora, sepalis linearibus convexis recurvis ob-
tusis petalisque conformibus minoribus patulis, labello oblongo acuto
margine revoluto dorso cristato apice subcrispo recurvo : omnibus alté
connatis, calcaribus ovario paul brevioribus. Lindl. genera et sp. orch.
p. 341.

S. pustulatum. Lindi. in Bauer’s Illustrations of Orchidaceous Plants, t. 12.
13. 14. Fructification.

A native of the Cape of Good Hope, whence it was re-
ceived at the Royal Botanic Garden at Kew so long since as
the year 1800, when Mr. Bauer prepared the beautiful
drawings which form the subject of the 19th, 13th, and 14th
plates of Fructification in the Z/lustrations of Orchidaceous
plants. lt does not however appear to have been noticed by
any systematical writer until it was introduced into the
Genera and Species of Orchidaceous plants. Its name has
been given in consequence of the leaves appearing as if
covered with watery pustules. The flowers smell like the
delicious Sweet Vernal Grass of our meadows. |

Sir John Herschell found it growing in the Cape Colony
in clayey places, baked hard by the sun, and never in sandy
soil; according to Drége however it occurs on the sand-hills
near Saldanha Bay, as well as on the Camiesbergen, and
near the villages of Donkerhoek and Liefde.

Nothing is more vexatious to lovers of flowers than the
difficulty of preserving the terrestrial species of Orchidacew
found at the Cape of Good Hope, where there are great
numbers of such plants of the gayest colours and most sin-
gular forms. They live indeed for a year or two after their
arrival, but then perish, from debility brought on by some

* This is printed papillosum, by an accidental oversight, in the work
here referred to.

mismanagement in their. cultivation, the nature of which is
not understood. Some very valuable hints relating to this
matter have been given by Sir John Herschell, in a commu-
nication published in the Proceedings of the Horticultural
Society, vol. 1, p. 56; among which the following relates to
the subject of this notice, which was flowered by that dis-
tinguished individual, by whose permission the accompanying
figure was made. i

*] have never found this in the sandy flats about the
Cape. My roots were all taken from clay, baked by the sun
nearly to the consistence of a brick, at ‘De Koch’s,’ a place
about 40 miles east of Cape Town, in the district of * Hot-
tentot's Holland.’ They were then in flower, rather past
their maximum. Nevertheless they grew well enough in the
peaty-sand of which my garden consisted, and to admiration
in a fine black sand enriched with vegetable matter, from the
shrubby hills in the neighbourhood. Plenty of water and
moderate temperature while leafing, diminished supply of wet
and increased heat as the flower rises, and total dryness with
heat, when all is withered, seem to be the conditions.”

Practically the cultivation of Cape Orchidacez has always
been found extremely difficult in this country. ‘The best
method of cultivating the present species is to plant it out in
a pit, with a south aspect fully exposed to the sun’s rays at all
seasons of the year. The pit must be well drained, and the
soil should consist of peat well mixed with sand and leaf
mould. A great deal of harm may be done by injudicious
watering. When it is not growing it should be kept perfectly
dry; as soon as it begins to push through the soil a little
water may be given, not amongst the leaves, for this will pro-
bably injure them, but round the tubers; this may be gra-
dually increased as the plant grows, until the flower-stem
makes its appearance, when water must be discontinued.
Heat and light are now the agents which will perfect the
flower, and ripen the tubers for the following year.

When propagation is attempted it must be done when the
tubers are ripe, and the plant in a state of inaction.

Those who have not pits to grow this plant in, may be
equally successful by cultivating it in pots, if the above sug-
gestions are attended to.

al.

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9 ) f fal

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v ve

CALOSTEMMA luteum.

Yellow Calostemma.

HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
Nat. ord. AMARYLLIDACEA.
CALOSTEMMA. Botanical Register, vol. 5. fol. 421.

C. luteum ; foliis contemporaneis flaccidis ensiformibus viridibus scapi longi-
tudine, tubo perianthii limbo breviore, coronze dentibus interjectis bifidis
filamentis brevioribus, umbellis densis, pedicellis inarticulatis subæ- .
qualibus.

C. luteum. Bot. Mag. t. 2101. Supra t. 421.

Although a figure of this species has already been given
in an early volume of the present work, yet it seems desirable
to reproduce it, partly for the sake of showing more correctly
its exact structure, and partly because of its rarity.

It, and all the species, of which five are now on record,
is an inhabitant of New Holland, whence bulbs are from time
to time imported. They differ not only in the colour of the
flowers, which are yellow, red, pink, and white, but in the
relative length of the pedicels, in the presence or absence of
an articulation in those parts, and in the form of the tooth-
ings found between the stamens.

One of them at least, C. candidum, is said to be fragrant.
That now figured, which flowered in September, 1839, in the
garden of the Horticultural Society, from bulbs collected upon
the plains of the Lachlan in April, 1836, by Major Sir
Thomas Mitchell, had a strong smell of mint.

It is not quite so hardy as bulbs from the Cape of Good
Hope, being liable to be injured in a cold frame by the frost
and damp in winter; and therefore the best plan of cultiva-
tion is either to plant it out in the border of a conservatory,
or to grow it in a pot in the greenhouse. It is by no means
difficult to make it grow freely, but there is considerable
difficulty in inducing it to flower. This can only. be done by

April, 1840.. H

taking a lesson from nature, which in all cases is the surest
guide in cultivation. The growth of this plant like that of
most others is periodical ; after it has perfected its flowers
and leaves it gradually sinks into a state of repose until the
season of growth comes round again, when it pushes up its
leaves and its flowers if in health. Water therefore freely
whenever the plant shews signs of growth, and go on until it
has perfected its leaves; but discontinue watering as soon as
the leaves begin to look yellow, and shew signs of decay.

The best soil to grow it in is peat, loam, and sand. 1t
may be propagated by seeds.

ERRATUM.
Tab. 16, second page, line 6, for anterior space read anterior spur.

S Reve se

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20

CEANOTHUS pallidus. -
Pale-flowered Ceanothus.

PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. ord. RHAMNACEZ.
CEANOTHUS. Botanical Register, vol. 4. fol. 291.

C. pallidus; caule arborescente ramis ramulisque pubescentibus teretibus,
foliis triplinerviis ovalibus serratis supra glabris nitidis subtüs viridibus
pubescentibus, floribus thyrsoideo-paniculatis : pedicellis capitato-corym-
bosis pilosis.

This plant occurs in the gardens under the name of
Ceanothus ovatus and thyrsiflorus, from both which it is cer-
tainly distinct. The first is a mere variety of Ceanothus
americanus, and the latter is a Californian tree with deep-blue
flowers, and very strongly angular branches. It approaches
more nearly to the lovely C. azureus, but its leaves are green,
not hoary beneath, and the flowers are smaller as well as
much paler. If it were probable that such a thing would
happen, this might be suspected to be a cross between

C. azureus and americanus.

It is a beautiful shrub, and much hardier than Ceanothus
azureus ; during the summer and autumn months it flowers
freely, if trained to a wall with a south aspect.

It strikes readily from cuttings of the half-ripened wood
during autumn, and grows well in any soil, if not too poor or
too wet.

The accompanying figure was taken from a plant in the
garden of the Horticultural Society, which was presented by
the Messrs. Baumanns of Bollviller, under the name of

Ceanothus ovatus.

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21

IPOM/EÂ longifolia.

Long-leaved Ipomea.

PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. ord. CONVOLVULACEZE.
IPOMAA. Botanical Register, vol. 1. fol. 9.

I. longifolia ; caule prostrato angulato glabro, foliis breviter petiolatis oblongo-
lanceolatis obtusis mucronulatis crassiusculis glabris, pedicellis unifloris
folio subsequilongis supra medium articulatis minutê bibracteolatis, se-
palis ellipticis obtusis glabris. Bentham plant. Hartweg. p. 16. no. 97.

A truly beautiful plamt, introduced by the Horticultural
Society from Mexico, where Mr. Hartweg found it in the
pastures about Leon, called Quebra platos. It has been ex-
tremely well characterized by Mr. Bentham in his very useful
Plante Hartwegiane.

The large and semitransparent flowers diffuse a delicious
perfume, resembling noyeau.

It is a half-hardy perennial, with a long spindle-shaped
root and a stem from four to five feet long, without any side
branches ; unless supported by some other plants or tied up
to a stick it would probably become nearly prostrate.

The time of flowering is from July to September; each
flower opening in the morning and lasting all day, if not ex-
posed to the mid-day sun, and each stem producing a fresh
flower nearly every day. Being very fragrant it is well worth
placing in the sitting-room during the blooming season,
especially as the plant, when in flower, seems to require

shade.

It appears difficult to increase except by seeds, which
probably will be produced freely when the plants become
older ; but it may be multiplied by the young shoots, which
spring from the crown of the root, when about two or three
inches long ; and as each root produces three or four shoots

or more, according to its size, one or two such shoots may be
taken from each plant for the purpose of propagation.

Like most of the order it likes a strong rich but not
damp soil during the growing season; when it has ceased
growing it may be taken up and treated like similar roots
during winter, care being always taken to keep them dry,
free from frost, and as much excluded from the air as possible.

The plants in the garden of the Society were raised from
seeds collected by Mr. Hartweg in 1838, of which a large
quantity was distributed, with a ‘label marked Convolvulacea,
splendid, half-hardy; a designation which the plant truly
merits.

RAUL SO

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22

IMPATIENS glanduligera.
Glandular Balsam.

PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. ord. BALSAMINEA (GERANIACEARUM mera sectio).
IMPATIENS. Linneus.

I. glanduligera ; annua, erecta, foliis verticillatis ternatis ovato-lanceolatis
arguté serratis serraturis baseos glandulosis, stipulis teretibus clavatis
glandulosis, pedunculis axillaribus subterminalibus 3-floris, sepalo dorsali
integro mutico, calcare brevi inflexo, petalorum lobo altero rotundato
altero dimidiato oblongo obtuso subfalcato, fructu brevi obovato.

I. glanduligera. Royle Illustrations, yc. of the Himalaya Mountains, 151.
t. 98. f. 2.

This fine Balsam is the largest of the four Indian species
raised in the garden of the Horticultural Society last year,
it having attained upwards of twelve feet in height by the
end of August, although the seeds were not sown before the
end of May. It is not so hardy as those with the long fruit,
but flowers freely all the autumn, and is one of the most
beautiful plants that can be looked upon if grown in an
atmosphere it likes. What that atmosphere is has already
been shewn at folio 9 of the present volume, to which I pro-
ceed to add the following from the work of Dr. Royle, who
obtained this species from Cashmere seed.

“ There is a peculiarity in the hill climate of India, where
the moderation and equability of temperature, excess of mois-
ture, and consequent smallness of evaporation during the rainy
season, has been shewn to be favourable to the existence of
tropical plants. At this season the Balsams may be seen,
apparently unchanged for weeks together, with other plants
that delight in a moist temperature, as Orchidese, Seitamines,
a few Melastomacez, Cyrtandracez, Begonias, the beautiful
Platystemna violoides, and others of which the genera are
considered peculiar to a tropical climate; and of so loose,
moist, and cellular a texture as would at any season in this

locality be destroyed in a single day."

cr]

Ww
“ Y N
N ŶN Y

NANNAU A " : F , y E
Gul: by I Reajgwray 169 Puccontibly Hull 1840 J Rarclay Je

23

GENISTA bracteolata.

Racemose Genista.

DIADELPHIA (MONADELPHIA) DECANDRIA.

Nat. ord. FABACEX, $ PAPILIONACEZ.
GENISTA. Botanical Register, vol. 14. fol. 1150.

G. bracteolata ; incano-pubescens, foliis ternatis, foliolis obovatis obtusissimis
basi angustatis, racemis terminalibus elongatis floribus dissitis.

Genista bracteolata. Link enum. plant. hort. reg. berol. 2. 224. DeCand.
prodr. 2. 146.

The accompanying drawing 'of this rare plant was made
in June, 1832, from a specimen communicated by Mr. Young,
nurseryman, of Milford, which was unfortunately lost. It
had been received by him from Mr. Webb, who had gathered
it in Teneriffe, and sent it home under the name of Cytisus
racemosus. Some years afterwards, upon shewing the figure
to Mr. Webb, he recognized it as the Genista bracteolata of
Link, an obscure plant unknown to DeCandolle.

It approaches very near to some of the plants known in
herbaria under the name of G. candicans, especially to that
gathered by Mr. Boissier on the mountains of Ronda, and
Link stations it next to that species; its long narrow leaflets
and loose terminal racemes seem however to keep it distinct.

The cultivation of the species should doubtless be the
same as that of similar leguminous plants from the Canaries,
such as Genista canariensis, now commonly called Genista
rhodopnea (the rose-scented) in the gardens.

They multiply readily from cuttings, and may be grown
either in a pot in the greenhouse or planted out in the border
of the conservatory. They form handsome bushes in either
place, and become one mass of sweet-scented bloom for many
weeks in the early part of the season. The soil which they

April, 1840. I

prefer is equal parts of loam and peat, well mixed with sand.
Many of the species will grow luxuriantly upon a south wall

in summer, but if not well protected will suffer from the frost
in winter,

Mis Dnake del

Tu ly f Ri

24

*CELÓGYNE Wallichiana.
Wallich's Celogyne.

GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.

Nat. Ord. ORCHIDACE&, $ MALAXIDEZ.
CELOGYNE. Botanical Register, vol. 11. fol. 868.

C. Wallichiana; pseudobulbis ampullaceis vaginisque duris. tuberculatis,
peduneulis radicalibus unifloris basi vaginatis, labelli trilobi basi saceati
lobis lateralibus integerrimis cum intermedio denticulato crispo apice
truncato integerrimo plicato apiculato confluentibus, disci cristis 4-5 in-
completis denticulatis, columná apice dentata.

C. Wallichiana. Gen. § Sp. Orch. p. 43. Wall. Plant. As. rar. 1.46. t. 54.
Bot. Reg. 1838. mise. no. 157.

This beautiful little plant, is, according to Dr. Wallich, a
native of the lofty range of mountains which confine Bengal
towards the district of Sylhet, in an easterly and northerly
direction, inhabiting rocks and the trunks of trees among
moss. It is not mentioned by Dr. Royle, but that distin-
guished traveller found a nearly allied species, C. preecox,
ornamenting with its large richly coloured flowers the
branches of oaks on Lundour, at 7,500 feet of elevation, in
30° N. lat.; but only during the moisture of the rainy

season. (Illustrations of the Botany of the Himalayas,

p. 364.)
'The figure now given was taken from specimens commu-
nicated by order of His Grace the Duke of Devonshire,
from Chatsworth, to which place it had been brought b
Mr. John Gibson, as has been already stated in the miscel-
laneous matter of this work for 1838, No. 157. Other flowers
have been sent me by Mr. Bateman, with the following note.

« This beautiful plant I owe to the liberality of the Duke
of Devonshire. It is now (Oct. 1838) flowering with me in

* So named from xoudoc hollow, and yv», used in the sense of stigma;
in allusion to the form of that organ.

great perfection, and in the brilliancy and magnitude of its
blossoms far surpasses the figure of it in Wallich’s Plante
Asiatice rariores ; in other respects the representation there
given is singularly characteristic. The pseudo-bulb has much
the form and hue of a truffle, and loses its leaf before
the appearance of the flowers; which come up, one on either
side. They are almost as large as those of Cattleya labiata,
and are of a uniformly rich transparent rose-colour, except in
the interior of the lip which is decorated with a broad streak
of yellow on its disk, and traversed by five parallel ridges of
white tubercles. There are also a few deep crimson stains
scattered on its surface. The plant appears to be of the
easiest cultivation, and its flowers very durable.”

The examination of fresh specimens of this and other
species of Coelogyne has satisfied me that the genus belongs to
Epidendree rather than to Malaxidee, and that it should be
stationed near Phaius ; for the pollen-masses do not lie loose
and free in the inside of the anther, on the contrary they
adhere to two thin plates of pulverulent matter, bent back
upon themselves, as is represented at fig. 3. of the accom-
panying plate; where fig. 1. is a view of the interior of the
labellum, and fig. 2. of the column with the projecting hollow
stigma, and the anther lifted up, and turned back. In the
Indian figure published by Dr. Wallich the lower lip of the
stigma is represented 3-toothed, and this supposed peculiarity
forms part of the specific character originally framed for the
species ; I now find, however, that no such structure exists.

yi

hits D aake del? Prue by GF Riolywey 160 %

"totu My i DAL
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25

CYMBIDIUM pendulum.
Thick-leaved Cymbidium.

GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.

Nat. Ord. ORCHIDACEA.
CYMBIDIUM. Botaniecl Register, vol. 7. fol. 529.

C. pendulum ; foliis ensiformibus distichis coriaceis obliguê obtusis, racemis
pendulis multifloris, bracteis minutis, petalis sepalisgue lineari-oblongis
obtusis, labelli trilobi lobis lateralibus acutis intermedio oblongo apicu-
lato: lamellis continuis approximatis apice confluentibus.

Epidendrum pendulum. Roxb. corom. plants. 1. 35. t. 44.

C. pendulum. Swartz. nov. act. ups. 6.73. Willd. Sp. Pl. 4. 101. no. 30.
Roxb. fl. ind. 3. 458. Lindl. gen. et sp. orch. p. 165.

C. crassifolium. Wall. cat. no. 7357.

Originally observed by Dr. Roxburgh on trees in the
province of Sylhet, and in the forests which cover the Circar
mountains as well as those of Bengal; afterwards met with

at Noakote in Nepal by Dr. Wallich. i

The latter Botanist considered his plant different from
that of Roxburgh, and it has smaller flowers ; but I do not
perceive in what the distinction otherwise consists. The spe-
cimen now figured was sent by Dr. Wallich to the Hon. and
Rev. W. Herbert, who forwarded a fine specimen, nearly
three feet long, with a dozen flowers upon it, to the Horti-
cultural Society in August, 1838.

It is very distinct from all others. Its leaves are from
two to three feet long, stiff, leathery, obliquely obtuse, and
strongly furrowed; at the base they form a distichous tuft,
like that produced by the equitant leaves of an Iris. The
flowers exceed in size those of any of the species nearly allied
to this. They are however of a dirty yellowish brown colour,
which diminishes their beauty, notwithstanding the clear red
and white of the labellum. As they hang downwards, the
plant should be suspended from the roof of the stove like

May, 1840. K

Cymbidium aloifolium, to which it is most nearly allied ; but,
independently of the large size of the flowers, this is readily
known by the lamelle of the lip being continuous, straight,
and touching at the point, instead of being broken in two
and curved. 1 fear however that some at least of the speci-
mens distributed by Dr. Wallich upon my authority under

the number 7352, and the name of C. aloifolium, are this
C. pendulum,

” —— A

On. 6 Ol» f
Uum Lirwufee dai LI

"uu S. Barclay ac
y L Ficlyuniy 169 Picoulilly May f THO

26

CALOSTEMMA carneum.

Flesh-coloured Calostemma.

HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. ord. AMARYLLIDACER.
CALOSTEMMA. Botanical Register, vol. 5. fol. 421.

C. carneum; folis contemporaneis rigidis ensiformibus scapo brevioribus,
tubo perianthii limbo subzequali, coroná truncatá inter stamina edentatá
emarginatá, umbellis densis, pedicellis articulatis exterioribus multó
longioribus. i

C. carneum. Lindley in Mitchell's Eastern Australia, vol. 2. p. 39.

This pretty bulb is a native of Australia, where it was
found in April, 1836, by Major Sir Thomas Mitchell, on the
summit of Goulburn range, a chain of rocky mountains com-
posed of **hornstone and granular felspar, light coloured,
partially decomposed, and lying in rounded nodules and
boulders.” Having been presented to the Horticultural So-
ciety by its indefatigable discoverer, it flowered in a pit in the
Chiswick garden in September last.

It is evidently very near C. purpureum, figured at fol. 422
of this work, 1st series, a plant now lost to our gardens, and
which I have never seen, and at first I thought it a mere
variety with paler flowers ; but the definition given by Brown,
corone dentibus sterilibus triangularibus, will not at all apply
to this plant; and Mr. Ker in his detailed description con-
firms Brown's character by a precise account of the coronet,
stating it to have between the stamens very narrow purple
membranes, which are bidentate, or occasionally split, so as
to give the filaments the appearance of being toothed on each
side, as in certain species of Allium and Ornithogalum. Here
on the contrary there are no processes between the stamens,
but the space found at that place is green, and either a little
rounded, or merely emarginate, as is shewn in the accom-
panying fig. 1. Moreover the articulation in the pedicels,

which is very conspicuous in this species, is not adverted to
by either Brown or Ker, neither of whom would have been
likely to have overlooked it had it existed in their plant;
the more especially as it is not visible in Calostemma luteum.

An account of the mode of treatment suitable for this
plant will be found a few pages back, at fol. 19.

7
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27

BERBERIS empetrifolia.

Crowberry-leaved Berberry.

'HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. ord. BERBERACE.
BERBERIS. Botanical Register, vol. 6. fol. 487.

B. empetrifolia; spinis hastato-tripartitis simplicibusque margine revolutis,
foliis fasciculatis mucronatis linearibus margine ciliatis revolutis, flori-
bus solitariis geminisque.

B. empetrifolia. Lam. illustr. t. 253. f. 4. DeCand. syst. nat. 2. 16. Loudon's
arbor. Britann. pp. 306. & 2537. Sweet Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 2. t. 350.

If the identifications of writers on this pretty little bush
are correct, it must have an extensive range along the southern
parts of South America; for Commerson is said to have
found it common in subalpine woods at the straits of Magellan;
Captain King is stated to have met with it at the same place,
and to have sent its seeds through his collector Anderson to
Mr. Lowe of the Clapton nursery, where it was raised, and
furnished all the stock now to be found in this country, while
the only wild specimens I have seen were collected in Chile
by Dombey, and in the Andes of that country by Messrs.
Macrae and Cuming.

It is a very remarkable and pretty plant, but evidently
dislikes the climate of the country round London, where it is
a rather delicate slender trailer ; my Chilian specimens shew
it however to be under more favourable circumstances a rigid,
robust, erect bush, which must be extremely beautiful. It
would be worth trying the effect of a conservatory, or of a
Devonshire or Cornish climate upon its constitution.

The specimen now figured was obtained in the garden of
the Horticultural Society, where it flowers in the month of

May.

Fig. 1. represents a flower, magnified, just before the

anthers expand their valves; 2. is an interior view of one of
the hollow petals, with the glands on each side.

When cultivated in the open border it forms a neat little
shrub, from one to two feet high, with slender decumbent
branches, and it flowers freely about the middle of May, par-
ticularly if planted in the American border or on rock-work ;
but it must have some protection from the parching heat of
the sun during summer.

It is easily increased by layering, or by seeds, if the fol-
lowing is attended to :

Firstly, the plant should be layered about August, always
choosing a moist or dull day when the operation is to be per-
formed, and using a little white sand for making that part of
the soil round the layer light; the layers will be two years
oe they are well rooted, and fit to remove from the mother
plant.

Secondly, the seeds should be sown as soon as the berries
are ripe, which is about August, in pans or pots filled with
a good loamy soil, and placed in any cold pit or frame during
winter; they will require no more care or trouble, as they
will not vegetate before the spring; but should the seeds not
be sown before the spring, which is a common practice, they

bos qe vegetate for a twelvemonth, and then very weakly if
at all. ;

28

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"

28

CENTAUREA pulcra.
Beautiful Blue Bottle.

é

SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA.

Nat. ord. CYNARACEÆ, seu COMPOSITE-CYNAREA, DC.
CENTAUREA. L.

Ser. III. CYANEA&. Squamarum involucri mediarum appendix plùs
minis scariosa secus squamam decurrens, rariùs in spinam simplicem desinens.

Sect. XV. Cyanus. Invelucri ovati aut subglobosi squame margine
usque ad apicem serrato-membranaceo ciliato cinctæ. Cor. radii discum su-
perantes. Stigmata libera. Pappus duplex, mediocris aut brevis.
Capitula non bracteata. DC. prodr. vii. 578.

C. pulcra; caule ramoso foliisque uniformiter albido-tomentosis, foliis lato-
linearibus subsessilibus amplexicaulibusque basi rotundatis apice acutis
integerrimis aut hinc inde denticulatis, fructus pappo duplici: ext. paleis .
linearibus vix acutis regulariter imbricatis et successive longioribus
acheenii longitudinem seguantibus, interiore pauciseto. DC. prodr. I. c.
no. 66. paucis mutatis.

The garden of the Horticultural Society owes this
pretty annual to Dr. Hugh Falconer, superintendent of the
Botanical Garden, Saharunpur; but whether or not it is a
native of the North of India is not clear. According to
DeCandolle it was found by Wight and Royle cultivated in
gardens; but the latter author adds, in his “ Illustrations of
the Botany of the Himalayan Mountains," that he had re-
ceived it only from Cashmere, whence he supposes it to have
been introduced into the gardens of the Indian peninsula.

With us it is a beautiful hardy annual, in general appear-
ance resembling the queen of our wild flowers, the Centaurea
cyanus of corn-fields; but it is much more woolly, dwarfer,
a good deal branched, with shorter radial florets, and the
pappus of its fruit is long, discoloured, very unequal, and at
least as long as the seed-vessel itself. In its manner of growth
it bears more resemblance to C. depressa, of the Crimea and

western provinces of Persia, but its fruit again distinguishes
it clearly, as DeCandolle has correctly stated.

In the accompanying figure the more beautiful features of
this species are hardly visible, nor indeed in plates executed
cheaply like those of the present work could they be repre-
sented. They consist in the very clear bright blue of the
radial florets, contrasted with the crimson of the centre, and
in the silvery glittering appearance of the lacerated scales of
the involucre, which are a delicate green in the centre, with
a brown border and a delicate dry membranous pectinated
fringe.

It is a hardy annual, growing about a foot high in any
good garden soil, and requiring the same treatment as the
old Centaurea americana.

It flowers nearly all the summer and autumn.

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29

* DAHLÍÁ glabrata.
Smooth Dwarf Dahlia.

SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA.
Nat. ord. AstERACEs, or COMPOSITA, $ Asteroidee Ecliptee, DC.
DAHLIA. Botanical Register, vol. 1. fol. 55.

D. glabrata ; caule viridi glaberrimo fistuloso, foliis bipinnatis glabris su-
perioribus linearibus indivisis, rachi alatá; foliolis ovatis acutis grossé
serratis ciliatis, ligulis foemineis, involucri foliolis extimis linearibus
patentibus.

Herba perennis, radicis fasciculate digitis tenuibus inter se parum in-
equalibus. Caulis glaberrimus, ramosus, 3-pedalis, fistulosus. Folia glabra,
nitida; inferiora bipinnata rachi alatá; foliolis ovatis, gross? et paucé ser-
ratis, ciliatis, nunc basi rotundatis, nunc decurrentibus et confluentibus ; pari
unico ad utramque petioli furcam ; superiora multó minora, demim linearia
simplicissima. | Capitula tis D. variabilis similia, bracteis exterioribus patenti-
bus linearibus. Ligule pallidê purpuree feminee. Ovaria setd und alteráve
minutissimá pappi loco.

A native of Mexico, whence its seeds were obtained by
George Frederick Dickson, Esq. who presented them to the
Horticultural Society ; they were marked Dahlia sp.—sub-

frigid districts—with lilac flowers.

It is evidently different from D. scapigera, a new species
from the same country, in its bipinnate leaves and branching
habit; and also from D, Barkerie, another of very recent
introduction, in its smoothness and its fistular stem ; nor does
it appear probable that it should be a mere variety of D. va-
riabilis, whose endless offspring have filled the gardens with
gay autumnal flowers. At least it appears to differ from that
variable species, not only in its naturally dwarf habit and

* As this word was formed after the name of Andreas Dahl, a Swede,
and pupil of Linnseus, it should be pronounced with a broad, as in park, and
not like the a in pale. There is also a Dalea, named after John Dale, an

Englishman, to which the latter sound belongs.
May, 1840. L

perfect smoothness, but also in its roots, which have fangs
slender and uniform in size, instead of being partly large and
succulent and partly resembling fibres.

There can be little doubt that this and D. scapigera will
give birth to quite a new race of garden Dahlias, in which
dwarfness, so much to be desired, will not be an accidental
deviation from a natural tendency to acquire a lofty stature,
but will be a fixed habit, which may possibly and indeed pro-
bably increase till varieties shall have been secured whose
height when in full flower will not exceed a foot.

In its present state this pretty plant grows about three
feet high, and requires the same management as the common

Dahlia. .It flowers from the end of July until destroyed by
the frost in autumn.

It answers remarkably well if treated as a half-hardy
annual, which is by far the easiest and best way to grow it,
as by saving the seed every season there is no necessity for

preserving the old roots, which are like those of the common
Dahlia, but much slenderer.

30

ODONTOGLOSSUM maculatum.

Yellow and Brown Odontoglossum.

GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.

Nat. ord. ORCHIDACER, $ VANDEA.
ODONTOGLOSSUM. Botanical Register for 1839, t. 48.

O, maculatum ; pseudobulbis oblongis compressis monophyllis, foliis oblongis
nefvosis acutiusculis racemis pendulis multifloris brevioribus, bracteis
navicularibus herbaceis ovario brevioribus, sepalis lineari-lanceolatis
acuminatis discoloribus, petalis oblongis undulatis acuminatis, labello
cordato acuminato subcrenato: appendice unguis bivalvi concavá coch-
leari apice productá emarginatá per medium arguté serrulatá, columná
pubescente.

Folia preter illud pseudobulbo innatum plura, cum petiolo equitante arti-
culata, 5-7-nervia, pergamenea, letà viridia. Sepala extus viridia, intus fusca,
petalis teneris luteis versus basin sanguineo-nebulosis crassiora. | Labellum
ejusdem coloris textureque ac petala; appendice bivalvi, subpubescente, intus
purpureo-venosd. Columna versus apicem utrinque obsoleté auriculata.

Another rarity from the rich storehouse of Mr. Barker,
who imported it from Mexico. lt is one of the prettiest of
the family, because of its large two-coloured spotted flowers
and drooping habit, and seems to have much the manner of
growth and constitution of an Oncidium.

When it was first sent to town I mistook it for the Odonto-
glossum Cervantesii of La Llave, for it bears a great resem-
blance to that plant as described by its author; but upon a
more attentive consideration I see it must be different, for the
latter is said to have snow-white flowers, and this is not a
circumstance in which plants of Orchidacee are likely to
vary. It is no doubt the O. maculatum of this author.

It was also found in the west of Mexico by Count Kar-
winski, as appears from a wild specimen for which 1 am
indebted to Mr. Bateman.

Odontoglossum cordatum, now figured in the Floral Cabi-
net, t. 100, approaches this very nearly ; but, independently

of the difference in the colour and size of its flowers, it has
exceedingly acuminate sepals and petals, and quite another
kind of appendage to the stalk of the labellum. Before I had
seen the plant now figured I was disposed to believe that
species to be the O. maculatum of La Llave, as is stated in
the Sertum Orchidaceum, so very difficult is it to judge cor-
rectly of the insufficient descriptions of the Mexican Botanist.
I now find that they are truly distinct.

"m

31

PORTULACA Thellusonii.
Mr. Thelluson’s Purslane.

i

ICOSANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. ord. PORTULACACEA,
PORTULACA, Botanical Register, vol. x. fol. 792.

P. TAellusonii ; annua, caule erecto, axillis filamentosis, foliis alternis sub-
cylindricis acuminatis obtusis floralibus subverticillatis, floribus ad apices
ramorum congestis sessilibus, petalis bilebis concavis sepalis subsequa-
libus pluries longioribus.

P. grandiflora rutila. Bot. Reg. 1839. misc. no, 114.

Let not the reader imagine the accompanying figure to
be an exaggeration, either as to the size of the flowers or
their colour, for he may be assured on the contrary that art
is unable to do justice to the brilliant appearance of this most
beautiful annual, which grows about a foot high, and flowers
nearly all the summer, if sown in pots filled with a mixture
of old lime-rubbish and well rotted dung or decayed leaf-
mould, and fully exposed to the sun. It should be is in a
sheltered place, for although it will grow tolerably well if
planted in the open border, the flowers are so delicate that
in such situations they are much damaged by wind and rain.
The best place for it is in a south window, or on the south
side of a greenhouse, or at the foot of a hot south wall in a
sequestered nook, especially if among a few blocks of lime-

stone rock.

It was sent from Florence to the Horticultural Society by
the Hon. Frederick Thelluson, now Lord Rendlesham, and [
had erroneously regarded it as a variety of Portulaca grandi-
flora, which varies in the colour of its flowers ; suspecting
indeed that it might have been a hybrid between that plant
and P. Gilliesii. It however proves so permanent in its
habits as to render that supposition improbable, and seems to
have all the signs of a natural species. Its deeply two-lobed

June, 1840. M

petals form a good mark of distinction from that species ;
while its longer and taper-pointed leaves, annual habit, and
more spreading petals seem to separate it equally from -

P. Gilliesii.

The seeds require to be sown on a hot-bed, like those of
the other annuals generally called tender.

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32 m

AGANÍSÍÁ pulchella.
Pretty Aganisia.

Y

GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.

Nat. Ord. ORCHIDACER $ VANDEA.

AGANISIA. Perianthium patens, equale; sepalis lateralibus haud basi
productis. Labellum liberum, mobile, indivisum, hypochilio parvo concavo,
ab epichilio cristâ transversá glandulosa diviso. Columna erecta, semiteres, ,
marginata, apice utrinque brachio acuto patulo aucta. dnthera ecristata.
Rostellum elongatum. _ Pollinia 4, per paria connata, caudiculá lineari, glan-
dulâ parva ovali.—- Rhizoma repens, pseudobulbosa. Pseudobulbi mono-
phylli. Racemus erectus, radicalis, foliis brevior.

Aganisia pulchella. Bot. Register, 1839, misc. no. 65.

Rhizoma repens, penne anserine crassitie, squamis vaginantibus arcté
vestitum ; pseudobulbis parvis acuminatis intra squamas latentibus. Folia
solitaria, oblonga, membranacea, 5-costata, in petiolum angustata. Racemi
radicales. i. e. e squamis pseudobulbos fulcientibus, erecti, 3-6-flori, foliis bre-
viores. Flores candidi, 14 unciam lati; sepalis petalisgue subegualibus,
ovato-oblongis, acutis, patulis. Labellum cum columnd articulatum; hypochilio
concavo sanguineo maculato, epichilio latiore, ovato, integro, medio luteo, basi
cristd lutescente glandulosd ab hypochilio diviso. Columna erecta, basi ne
minime quidém producta, semiteres, apice brachiis duobus patentibus incurvis
aucta; rostello lineari producto. Pollinia 4, incumbentia ( 8. 8) nec colla-
teralia ut olim dixi ; caudiculd lineari membranaced, glanduld parvd, subro-

tundá tenerd.

This pretty Demerara plant has hitherto flowered no
where that I am aware of except with Messrs. Loddiges, who
imported it. A short account of it was given in this work
in the place above quoted ; and the present figure, with a
correction or two, completes its history.

If its column were produced into a foot, and the lower
sepals unequal at the base, it would be a Maxillaria; but as

* From àya»óc, quiet or desirable, in allusion to the pretty, neat ap-

pearance of the plant.

there is no trace of that character, which is essential to
Maxillaria, the genus seems sufficiently distinct.

Fig. 1. represents the column, with the labellum pulled
downwards to shew its true form, and the crest that separates
the upper lip from the lower. Fig. 2. shews the pollen-
masses in their true position, one half of the right hand pair
being cut away. By some accident the pollen-masses of the
first flower I examined had been pressed out of their natural
position, which formerly led me to describe them as collateral
instead of incumbent.

In order to cultivate this plant successfully it should be
suspended upon a block of wood from the rafters of the stove,
and its thick fleshy roots allowed to hang in the air and im-
bibe its moisture. A damp atmosphere, syringing its roots
and leaves freely when in a growing state, and shade during
bright sunshine, are the principal requisites in its cultivation.
In other respects it may receive the same treatment as the
rest of this tribe.

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33

SPREKELIA cybister, v. brevis.

Lhe Tumbler Sprekelia, shorter-flowered variety.

—— AA ñ

HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. ord. AMARYLLIDACEA : subord. AMARYLLIDEA, HIPPEASTRI-
* x

FORMES.

. SPREKELIA. Perianthium declinatum, basi annulari inferne abbre-
viato vix tubato; filamenta fasciculata declinata labio inferiore prope basin
comprehensa. Herbert in litt. : ;

Sprekelia cybister ; scapo circiter 4-5-floro, germine pedunculato cubante,
perianthio laciniis inferne latis intus pallidê striatis superne angustatis
labio inferiore precipitato apicibus reflexìs, sepalis margine involuto re-
ílexis duobus inferìoribus inferne obliguê latere superiore dilatatis, pe-
talis superioribus subplanis apice tortuosê demisso, petalo imo scapum
attingente, membrana fauciali barbatâ, stigmate parvo trilobo, filamentis
cum stylo apice subassurgente precipitatis, e sepalinis superiore elon-
gato, e petalinis inferiore abbreviato, foliis hysteranthiis linearibus cir-
citer semunciam latis, bulbo ovato fusco. Herbert in litt.

v. l. subsexuncialis ; perianthio rubro superne subvirescente, quadriflora.

v. 2. brevis; flore subquadrunciali, quinqueflora. W. H.

Hippeastrum anomalum. Lindl. in Hort.

“ The sketch of the plant here represented was made
from a Bolivian bulb, which flowered in the nursery of Mr.
Knight in the King's Road, Chelsea, and is evidently a
variety of the same species as the longer-flowered plant which
has lately flowered at Spofforth, and has been there named
the Tumbler, from the very singular precipitation of the buds
in their progress towards expansion, and the final perpen-
dieular posture of the lower lip of the flower. The flower
conforms closely with that of Sprekelia formosissima, differing
from Hippeastrum in one conspicuous and decisive feature,
namely, the marked separation of the lower from the upper
lip, and its base closely embracing the fasciculate filaments
and style. The true and original Hippeastrum aulicum
differs from all others in the filaments being a little pinched
by the base of the lower petal, which is a small feature of

approximation towards the genus Sprekelia, but in no Hip-
peastrum is there any convolution of the lower sepals, of
which the base in our plant is in a very singular manner
obliquely enlarged so as to enclose the filaments. Both spe-
cies of Sprekelia differ from Hippeastrum in having narrower
leaves and a black-coated bulb, and their pollen magnified
appears a little narrower and more acute. It may be a ques-
tion to be ascertained by horticultural experiments, and the
examination of species yet unknown, whether Sprekelia is a
section of Hippeastrum, the genus most nearly allied to it, or

absolutely separate, but at present their distinction is sufti-
ciently marked.”

For the preceding matter I am indebted to the Honour-
able and Reverend W. Herbert. The plant now named by
him S. cybister was given to the Horticultural Society in
March last by Mr. Joseph Knight, of the nursery King’s
Road, who imported it from Bolivia. At that time I regarded
it as a species of Hippeastrum rather than Sprekelia, and
named it H. anomalum, considering the umbellate inflores-
cence and general habit to be of more importance than the

incurvation of the lower sepals. In this point however Mr.
Herbert’s opinion is against me.

The uncoloured figures at the foot of the accompanying
plate indicate the structure of some parts of the flower,
No. 1. is a view in part of the interior of the ovary, and in
part of the base of the perianthium and stamens cut through ;
it shews that the upper petaline filaments are furnished with
a thin border, while all the others are tapering; and also
that the filaments are separated from each other by fringed
plates radiating from the style to the junctions of the sepals
and petals. No. 2. exhibits the appearance of the ovary

divided horizontally ; the figure just over it is the stigma and
upper part of the style.

24

8 B anelag $6

WE Barth ded, 5 Pal- by I Ridgway 69 Piccadilly Ipamat 13 40

RENI on

34

TRADESCANTIA iridescens.

‘Iridescent Tradescantia.

HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. ord. COMMELINACES.
TRADESCANTIA. Botanical Register, vol. vi. fol. 482.

T. iridescens; acaulis, radicibus carnosis, foliis oblongis acutis concavis glabris
ciliatis subtüs pilosis, umbellis laxis terminalibus sessilibus, petalis obo-
vatis staminibus tripló longioribus. Bot. Reg. 1838, misc. no. 160.

A detailed description of this very pretty greenhouse

perennial will be found at page 86 of the miscellaneous

matter of the Botanical Register for 1838, by Mr. W. B.
Booth, to whom I am also indebted for the accompanying
drawing, made from a plant that flowered in the garden of
Sir Charles Lemon, Bart. at Carclew in Cornwall.

It is a half-hardy perennial with tuberous roots, growing
in any rich soil, and flowering in July and August, each
flower only lasting for a few hours. The plant is increased
freely by seeds, but seldom flowers before the second season ;
its roots may be preserved during the winter, if kept dry
in the pots, or in sand, like Cape bulbs.

Among the many described species from Mexico this
seems to be the only stemless one, so that little probability
exists of its being mistaken for any other. Mr. Hartweg
did not meet with it.

Although its flowers are very ephemeral there is a long
succession’ of them, and their iridescent appearance renders
them extremely pretty.

Mos Drake ot * TA by F eod) 769 Prteemdlly Tumo 1 1840 | S Bonclay d

35

EPIDENDRUM vitellinum.
Yolk-of-egg Epidendrum.

GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.

Nat. ord. ORCHIDACEA, $ EPIDENDREA.
EPIDENDRUM. L.

Sect. ENcvcL1A. Pseudobulbosa, labello sublibero.

E. vitellinum ; pseudobulbis ovatis acuminatis diphyllis, foliis oblongo-ligu-
latis acutis basi vaginantibus racemo terminali erecto multifloro brevio-
ribus, sepalis petalisgue ovato-lanceolatis acutis subsequalibus patulis,
labello lineari apice angustato abrupté acuto basi calloso et bifoveato
semilibero.

E. vitellinum. Genera $ Species Orch. page 97.

A dried Mexican specimen in Mr. Lambert’s herbarium
conveyed the first knowledge of the existence of this heau-
tiful plant, and for many years no additional information
concerning it was received. It was afterwards found without
a locality among Karwinski’s dried plants in the Munich
museum, and in September, 1839, the specimen now figured
produced its flowers in Mr. Barker’s collection at Birming-
ham. Neither this, however, nor any of the dried materials,
conveyed a true idea of the natural appearance of this species
when in health and flowering under favourable circumstances.

It was not till specimens, collected on the Cumbre of
Tetontepeque in Mexico, at the elevation of 9000 feet above
the sea, were received from Mr. Hartweg, that I had any
conception of the superb appearance of the plant. One of
them now before me has a spike covered with fifteen large
orange-coloured flowers, all expanded at once, over a space of
more than six inches in length, and forming a most conspi-
cuous object. The flowers are fully thrice as large as those

now represented. * :

To the roots of this specimen are sticking fragments of a
Jungermannia and a foliaceous Lichen, so that no doubt can

June, 1840. N

. be entertained of its inhabiting a damp, cool, shady situa-
tion. This certainly reveals the secret of its cultivation, and
shews that a very different climate from that of East and
West Indian Orchidacee is requisite for it. Probably it
will like the management recommended for Lelias at pages
26 and 27 of this work for 1839, and most undoubtedly it
must be guarded against exposure to a high temperature at
any period of the year.

With reference to this subject cultivators will probably
be glad to see the following extracts from Humboldt’s ac-
count of the Mexican climate.

** Mexico in lat. 19° 25’, at the height of 7008 feet, has a
mean temperature of 63”; that of the hottest months is from
60° to 70”; of the coldest months 50° to 59°.

** Toluca in lat. 19° 16’, at the height of 8280 feet, has a
mean temperature of 59°.

“On the Puerta del Volcan, a volcanic mountain, near
Toluca, at the height of 10,494 feet, the temperature of a
rivulet flowing down from it is about 49°.”

Humboldt does not mention Orchidacee in his list of
plants growing within the boundary of this tierra fria; but
he speaks of Peperomia umbilicata, Cheirostemon platanoides,
Rosa Montezume which is our R. canina, Hoitzia coccinea,

ue and common Horehound, among many other
plants.

j. “Seoroteys ae

MA lis

Tacca

A e. ^
Jud by 7 Rele 169

Ch

36

.MORINÁ longifolia.
Long-leaved Morina.

—— dKiÉ——— — —

DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. ord. Dipsace”, $ MORINEZ.

MORINA. Tourn. Involucellum monophyllum, tubuloso-campanula-
tum, foveolis destitutum, margine spinoso-dentatum. Calycis tubus ovatus,
limbus foliaceus bifidus, lobis oblongis integrisve bifidis. “Corolla longè tu-
bulosa, ringens. Stamina 4, nunc libera didynama, nunc binatim diadelpha.
Stigma peltato-capitatum. Fructus calycis lobis coronatus, involucello cinc-
tus. Herbae perennes, Cardui facie, simplices, erecta. Folia oblongo-sinuata,
dentato-spinosa, rarius integerrima. Flores im foliorum superiorum axillis
Bane esi = Folia floralia breviora, ferê palmato-dentata. DC.

rodr. 4. 644.

M. longifolia ; foliis sinuatis spinoso-dentatis floralibus corollis rachique sub-
villosis, calycis lobis cuneato-oblongis emarginatis, floribus diandris.
M. longifolia. Wall. Herb. Ind. no. 426. DeCand. Prodr. 4. 644.

The Morinas are handsome oriental herbaceous plants,
the original species of which, M. persica, was found near
Erzeroum, in the valley of the four mills, by Tournefort, du-
ring his residence in that town. In one of these mills, says
he, we proceeded to name one of the finest genera of plants
in the Levant, to which we gave the name of a person highly
estimable for his science and virtue, M. Morin, of the Royal
Academy of Science, Doctor of Medicine of the Faculty of
Paris, who has since had the singular good fortune to raise
this plant from seed in his garden, it having succeeded no
where else. The flower seems formed to bear the name of
M. Morin, who is passionately devoted to Botany.— Smith in
Rees? Cyclopedia.

Of the produce of that plant, or of others found in Greece
by Mr. Hawkins, or brought from Persia by Olivier, our
gardens have long lost all trace, and the periodical Botanical
books of this country contain no figure of it. There is how-
ever a noble representation of M. Persica in the costly Flora

Greca.

The species now figured is one of those discovered by
Dr. Wallich on the mountains of the north of India; Gossain
Than is the district more particularly mentioned as the native
country of the plant, of which seeds were given by Professor
DeCandolle to the Horticultural Society, in whose garden it
flowered in November last. It is an exceedingly handsome
and nearly hardy perennial, growing from two to three feet
high in any dry situation, and requiring about the same
treatment as Acanthus mollis; but it suffers from wet in
winter, and consequently should be planted in a strong dry
soil, and protected during winter by a hand-glass. It is in-
creased freely from seeds, and flowers from July till late in
the autumn. The stem is covered with soft hairs, which,
when bruised, emit the smell of a Geranium.

In DeCandolle’s Prodromus the stamens of Morina per-
sica are described as four combined in pairs, although to all
appearance there is but two. This singular speculation
originated with Dr. Coulter, who seems to have been led to
adopt it by finding the anthers of Morina persica four-celled
instead of two-celled. But this circumstance is now known
to be the typical structure of all regular anthers, and I can
find nothing in M. longifolia to justify the theory. Indeed
the three missing stamens of Morina are undoubtedly repre-

sented by a kidney-shaped three-lobed gland at the base of
the corolla.

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37.

* BOUVARDIA triphylla; var. splendens.

Scarlet Bouvardia.

TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. ord. CINCHONACE.
BOUVARDIA. Botanical Register, vol. ii. fol. 107.

B. triphylla. Supra l. e.

B. Jacquini. DC. Prodr. 4. 365.
Ixora ternifolia. Cav. ic. 4. t. 305.
Houstonia coccinea. Bot. Rep. t. 106.

Var. splendens; omni parte pilosiore, corollis majoribus et magis coccineis.
Bouvardia splendens. Bot. Mag. t. 3781.

Messrs. Humboldt and Kunth altered the old and common
name of B. triphylla into that of B. Jacquini; and the ex-
cellent DeCandolle, whose judgment is usually so good,
adopted the innovation, apparently because there are other
species of Bouvardia with three leaves in a whorl. But if
such a reason were to have any weight, it would be necessary
to make in Botanical nomenclature an enormous number of
alterations, besides those, already too numerous, which the
progress of discovery renders inevitable. The change of the
name in the present instance ought therefore to be resisted,

as uncalled for by any sufficient necessity.

The plant now figured is certainly a variety of B. triphylla,
from which it differs indeed in its more scarlet, brighter, and
larger flowers, its more pubescent surface, its more vigorous
habit, and in the deep purple stain upon all its branches ;
but there is no solid mark of distinction. It has however
been regarded by Dr. Graham as a distinct species, and so
published in the Botanical Magazine, with the name of
BB. splendens, under which it is to be found in many nurseries.

* See Botanical Register, fol. 107.
July, 1840. o

It must be confessed that the specimen figured in the Maga-
zine would seem to justify the opinion, but it will be seen by
the plate now given that the peculiar habit which the plant
acquired in the Edinburgh Garden was not permanent, and
that under other circumstances it has the well-known appear-
ance of the original B. triphylla. It is certain that the
specimen now figured, and that of the Magazine, do really
represent the same identical plant, because they were both
taken from the same source; namely, the garden of the
Horticultural Society.

The country owes this to George Frederick Dickson, Esq.
F.H.S. who presented its seeds to the Horticultural Society.

It is a half-hardy shrub, flowering from May to October,
if planted out in the American border, or any other favour-
able place where neat pretty plants are required. The roots
will live in the open border all winter, but should be pro-
tected by a hand-glass or a large flower-pot inverted, in order
to keep them dry; for this, like many Mexican plants, suffers
more from wet than from cold.

The best way to treat it, and indeed all the Bouvardias,
is to plant them out in the American border about the end
of May; and after flowering in the autumn, or rather when
partially damaged by frost, to take them up and pot them,
putting them into as small pots as possible, and then placing
them under the stage of the greenhouse, or in any dry cellar.
In fact they may be treated in the same way as the common
scarlet Geranium, only observing to keep them rather dry
during winter. In the spring (end of February) they should be
taken out, fresh potted, and placed in a more favourable place
for growing, so as to be again ready for planting out.

It is very easily increased by the roots from the young
shoots. In the spring, before the plant begins to grow, the
roots should be cut into pieces about two and a half or three
inches long, both large and small, and inserted in pots filled
with any light sandy soil, leaving but a small portion of the
root above the surface. If then placed upon a moderate hot-

bed they will soon begin to grow, and will make good plants
by the end of May.

Miss D ruke chet.

-.

38

LUPINUS leptocarpus.
Slender-fruited Lupine.

ee — ——

DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA.

Nat. ord. LEGUMINOSÆ, $ PAPILIONACE X.
LUPINUS. Botanical Hegister, vol. 13. fol. 1096.

L. leptocarpus; biennis, decumbens, vix canescens, foliolis 7-9 oblongo-lan-
ceolatis obtusiusculis mucronulatis suprà glabris subtüs adpresse pube-
rulis, stipulis setaceis, floribus densé racemosis, bracteis pilosis valdé
deciduis alabastris obtusiusculis longioribus, calycis ebracteolati adpressé
pubescentis labio superiore basi subgibbo, leguminibus elongatis brevi-
ter et adpressé pubescentibus. Bentham Plant. Hartw. no. 61. p. 11.

quibusdam mutatis.

A hardy straggling biennial plant, growing two or three
feet high, and blossoming in the latter part of summer and
autumn, when it becomes a very gay decoration of the flower
garden. It has much the habit of Z. rivularis, to which

indeed it nearly approaches. |

In the very difficult genus Lupinus it is hard to say what
positive characters separate plants, which nevertheless have
all the appearance of being distinct species, and any one much
acquainted with the genus must fee] that some better marks
of distinction than are at present employed would be desirable.
The relative length of the bracts and unexpanded flowers,
and the form of the latter are doubtless of great importance,
but it is to be expected that the form of the pods, and the
number, size, form, and surface of the seeds are also deserv-
ing of particular attention. That the latter offer the best
means of distinguishing the European annual Lupines is well
known, and it is probable that the exotic species differ in a

similar way.

If however these marks may be depended upon, it is
also necessary to observe that the shrubby or herbaceous

texture of the stem is not to be judged of from dried speci-
mens, and that such differences are in all cases to be dis-
trusted, unless they have been observed upon the living plant.
For instance this plant, which the dried specimens induced
Mr. Bentham, as they would have done any one else, to regard
as a shrub is in reality a mere biennial.

The drawing was made in the garden of the Horticultural
Society where it had been raised from seeds collected by Mr.
Hartweg in Pine woods near Bolanos, at the elevation of
8000 feet above the sea.

Miss LY “thet hel “ y; 24 by 7 D odeur ttg Ihicacdlilly Feely J 7/7 lal GS aca se

39

BRASAVOLA venosa.
Vein-lipped Brasavola.

GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.

Nat. Ord. ORCHIDACEE $ EPIDENDREA.
BRASAVOLA. Botanical Register, fol. 1465.

Brasavola venosa ; folio lanceolato semicylindraceo supra canaliculato, sepalis
petalisque linearibus, labelli ungue longo complicato laminá subrotundo-
ovata subtrilobá acuminata basi serrata: venis elevatis. Bot. Reg. 1840.
misc. no. 24.

Folium semipedale, carnosum, lineari-oblongum, acutum, atroviride, cana-
liculatum marginibus rotundatis, nec ut in speciebus pluribus in cylindrum con-
volutum. Scapus folio brevior, spathd nulld conspicud, sed squamis paucis
vaginatus, 3-florus ; bracteis parvis rigidis acutissimis. Sepala et petala line-
aria, acuminata, virentia, 2-pollicaria, inter se equalia. Labelli lamina can-
dida, venis elevatis corrugata, subrotundo-ovata, acuminata, subcarnosa, integra
v. obsoleté triloba, basi serrata ; unguis lamind parum brevior, convoluta, mar-
gine serrata, basi integerrima et maculis quibusdam sanguineis notata,

A fine species resembling B. nodosa in habit, but with
much larger flowers, the sepals being more than two inches
long. The lip is white, the other parts greenish. It is at
once distinguished from B. nodosa and all the allied species
by the firmness of the lip, which is more or less evidently
lobed at the side, and has the veins distinctly elevated. The
flowers are deliciously sweet at night. Messrs. Loddiges im-
ported it from Honduras.

The leaf is intermediate between that of Br. glauca and
the common terete species ; and shews that in the latter the
leaf owes its peculiar appearance in part to a general thicken-
ing of its parenchyma, and in part to the edges turning
inwards, meeting and growing together. And this is no
doubt also the origin of the terete leaves found in Vanda,
Luisia, and Dendrobium.

It has been recommended to grow the plants of this genus

in well-drained pots, and they grow very freely under such cir-
cumstances ; but they certainly do better when hung from
the roof or pillars of the stove. The only thing to be attended
to in the latter mode of culture is, to tie upon the block of
wood along with the plant some pieces of turfy peat to keep
the roots moist; the roots will soon fix themselves into the
peat, and throw their tender points into the air and feed
upon it. ;

Af [94 r m
MS J) UCE e Op,,f a "A 77 Ch) py Hl Z7 . XP
4 UK old. Full by Y Re UJU y JEG Freee club . 277. 7 1840 F. Burnclay $

40

* LOPEZIA lineata.

Line-leaved Lopezia.

MONANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. ord. ONAGRACEZ.

LOPEZIA. Cav. Calycis limbus 4-partitus deciduus. Petala 4 irre-
gularia. Stamina 2, uno fertili antherifero, altero opposito sterili, petali-
formi, a petalis veris seepiús diseolore. Stigma capitatum. Capsula nuda,
subglobosa, 4-locularis, apice tantúm loculicido-4-valvis; valvis placentze cen-
trali dissepimentis adnatis. Semina plurima, minima. Herbee erecta, aut
suffrutices. Folia dentata, alterna, sæpiùs. opposita. Racemi caulem ramosque
terminantes. Flores pedicellati, purpurei. DC. prodr. 3. 62.

L. lineata ; frutescens, caule petiolisque hirsutis, foliis breviter petiolatis e
basi rotundatá ovatis acutis crenato-serrulatis utrinque pubescentibus,
venis approximatis costatis superné lineatis, pedunculis glabris, glandulá
in petalorum superiorum (angustiorum) ungue basi rotundatá solitariâ.
Zuccarini Plantarum Novarum minüs v. Cognitarum fasciculus 2. p. 31.
no. 13. Benth. Plant. Hartweg. p. 37. no. 287.

A pretty soft-wooded greenhouse shrub, growing about
three feet high, and flowering freely during the latter part of

autumn and winter.

Itis easily increased by seeds, grows rapidly in any good
garden soil, and might be treated as a half-hardy annual, but
in that case it must be brought forward early in the
spring; otherwise flowering so very late it is destroyed by the
frost before its blossoms unfold.

It is chiefly valuable in the months of January and
February when it is covered by little insect-like red flowers,
and is at that time so different in appearance from other
plants of the season, that it becomes a doubly welcome acqui-

sition.

* So called by Cavanilles after the Licentiate Thomas Lopez, an obscure
Spanish naturalist.

Professor Zuccarini first described the species in his ac-
count of the new plants cultivated in the Botanical Garden of
Munich, where it was raised from Mexican seeds collected by
Count Karwinski. The supply, from which the plants now
in our collections have been obtained, has however been fur-
nished by the Horticultural Society, to whom seeds were sent
by Mr. Hartweg, who found the species in Mexico, in a place
called the Banco.

Those who are students of the British Flora will not fail
to recognise in this gay Lopezia, the same features as those
of our own little Enchanter’s Nightshade, with which it is
associated in a natural arrangement. In this plant the second
stamen of Circa is converted into a spoon-shaped petal.

(
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elel."

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41

LALÍA rubescens.
Blushing Lela.

<a ———

GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.

Nat. ord. ORCHIDACER, $ EPIDENDREZ.
LALIA. Botanical Register, vol. xxi. fol. 1751. :

Lelia rubescens; pseudo-bulbis subrotundis compressis utrinque angulo ele-
vato, foliis oblongis obtusis scapo tereti vaginato brevioribus, racemo
multifloro, bracteis ovario plus dupló brevioribus, sepalis linearibus,
petalis lanceolatis subundulatis, labello conformi auriculato medio pube-
scente: lineis duabus elevatis. Bot. Reg. 1840. misc. no. 25.

Pseudobulbi oblongi, compresse tetragoni, vix sesquiunciam longi. Folium
solitarium, coriaceum, oblongum, planiusculum, quasi emarginatum, scapo gra-
cili erecto squamato multó brevius. Racemus brevis, multiflorus. Bracteze
lineares, murcescentes, ovario plus duplo breviores, carinate, pilis brevissimis mi-
nutissimis fasciculatis pubescentes. Flores L. primulind paulo minores et minus
patentes. Sepala linearia, obtusa, pollicaria, basi rubescentia, apice virescentia,
recta, petalis paululim longiora. Petala lanceolata. acuta, subundulata, secus
margines rubentia. Labellum ovato-lanceolatum, versus basin auriculatum, api-
cem versus undulatum, acutum, medio luteum et subpubescens, lineis duabus
elevatis tertidque intermedid minus conspicud, basi atropurpureum convolutum.

This pretty species of Lzlia has the smallest flowers of
any yet discovered, and they are wholly scentless. It was
bought at the nursery of Mr. Joseph Knight, in the King's
Road, by Mr. Barker of Birmingham, to whom I am indebted
for a specimen. No wild specimen has yet been seen, and I
am unacquainted with the source from which Mr. Knight
obtained 1t.

It is most nearly related to the fragrant Z. primulina,
from which it differs in the form of its pseudo-bulbs, leaves
and labellum, in the size of the flowers, and in the petals not
being at all revolute.

In the specific character originally given it the bracts
were described as pubescent. This appearance arises from
the presence of minute patches of extremely delicate hairs,

July, 1840. P

which soon wither up, and leave nothing but a stain to indi-
cate their having been present.

The best and most natural way to cultivate it, is to hang
it from the roof of the stove, and allow its roots to imbibe the
moisture of the atmosphere. This is one of those orchidaceous
plants which will succeed in a lower temperature than that
which most of them are grown in, but like the others it requires
a moist atmosphere and shade. It must be kept perfectly

dry when in a state of rest, but should be freely watered and
syringed when growing.

e

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42

TRADESCANTIA tumida.
Gouty-jointed Spiderwort.

HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. ord. COMMELINACES.
TRADESCANTIA. Botanical Register, vol. vi. fol. 482.

T. tumida ; caulis erecti pilosi internodiis tumidis, foliis vix vaginatis oblongis
revolutis convexis margine et infra pilosis, umbellis sessilibus axillaribus
et terminalibus multifloris, sepalis pilosis, petalis ovatis concavis mox
convexis.

A Mexican half-hardy herbaceous plant, raised in the
garden of the Horticultural Society, where the accompanying
figure was made in September, 1839.

When young its leaves are purple on the under side; but
this colour is afterwards lost, and they become a very deep
green. Their peculiar rolled-back direction, and the tumid
joints by which they are separated, gives this species a very
unusual appearance, and appears to separate it from Jr.
Humboldtiana, with which it otherwise seems to agree in
many respects, so far as can be ascertained from the descrip-
tion that has been published of that species.

It is a greenhouse perennial of the most easy cultivation,
having the same habits as the hardy species common in every
garden. It grows freely in sandy loam, but is very apt to
suffer from much wet or damp in winter. Like the other
species of the genus it is readily multiplied, either by cuttings,
layers, or seed.

The following account of the Tradescants, after whom the
genus is named, was given by the late Sir James Smith, —

* John Tradescant, one of the fathers of natural history in
England, having been the first who made any considerable
collection of natural productions, as well as one of the earliest
cultivators of exotic plants in this country, is reported by
Anthony Wood to have been a Dutchman. -His name never-
theless appears to be English, and was originally of two
syllables, Trade-scant, though it subsequently became Tra-
des-cant, as appears from a line in his family epitaph,

‘ beneath this stone,
Lies John Tradescant, grandsire, father, son.’

Dr. Pulteney thinks he was not settled in England during the
life of Gerarde, though often mentioned in the second edition
of that author’s Herbal, by its editor Johnson, as well as in
Parkinson’s works. He is recorded to have been for a con-
siderable time in the service of the lord-treasurer Salisbury,
and Lord Wooton. He travelled into various parts of Europe,
even as far as Russia; and was on board a fleet sent against
the Algerines in 1620. He brought home plants and other -
curiosities from these various excursions, but it does not
appear what was their primary object. About the year 1629
he obtained the title of Gardener to King Charles I. and
about that time, or before, was settled at Lambeth, where his
own garden was situated. Some remains of this were traced
out by Sir William Watson 120 years afterwards. Tradescant’s
Ark, or Museum, became very famous as a collection of
naturalrarities. It was much visited by the great, and even
by the royal family, all of whom took pleasure in enriching
it, as in later times their descendants have done to other such
collections. A catalogue of the Museum Tradescantianum,
in 12mo., appeared in 1656, with portraits of the owner and
his son engraved by Hollar; of which however most of the
copies are plundered by mere print collectors, careless of the
value of any thing beyond their own object. By this cata-
logue the museum appears to have been furnished, not only
with birds, quadrupeds, fish, shells, insects, minerals, fruits,
&c. but also with warlike instruments, habits, utensils, coins,
and medals. There is annexed a catalogue in English and
Latin of the plants cultivated in the author's garden. This
portrait represents him as greatly advanced in age at this
period, but the time of his death is not known. His son, of
the same name, visited Virginia, and returned with several
new plants; amongst others the original Tradescantia. ‘This
son inherited his father’s collections, and, dying in 1662, be-
queathed them to Mr. Elias Ashmole, so that they may be
said to have laid the foundation of the Ashmolean Museum at
Oxford, in which they, like the name of their original owner,
are now sunk. ‘The widow of the younger Tradescant, the
mother probably of the grandson mentioned in the epitaph, is
said to have erected the curious and rather splendid tomb,
remarkable for its allusive decorations, which still exists in
Lambeth church-yard. See Dr. Ducarrel’s account of this

monument, in the 63rd volume of the Philosophical Trans-
actions.”

43

"
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43

* EPIMEDIUM violaceum.
Violet Epimedium.

TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. Ord. BERBERACE.
EPIMEDIUM. Botanical Register, vol. 22. fol. 1906.

$ Macroceras ; calcaribus petalorum elongatis.

E. violaceum; foliis triternatis : foliolis cordatis sagittatisgue acuminatis cili-
atis integerrimis, petiolorum nodis barbatis, floribus racemosis, petalis
calcaribus subzegualibus.

E. violaceum. Morren $ Decaisne in Ann. des Se. nat. n. s. II. 354. t. 12. A.
Caulis 4-6 poll. longus, subflexuoso-geniculatus, teres, ad foliorum inser-

tionem intumescens, epidermide rubro-fuscá vestitus, pube albd laxá Jfexuosá ad

nodos crebriore pilosus. Folia triternata, petiolata; petiolus communis brevis,
semi-pollicem longus, coloratus, partiales 2-4 poll. longi, patuli, teretes, villosi,
virides; petioluli 14-2 /ongi. Foliola cordata, acuminata, integra; terminale
equilaterum, 2 inferiora obliqua, lobis rotundatis vel subacuminatis ; Juniora
colorata, margine intense purpurea, membranacea, utrinque presertim subtis
molliter puberula, demum glabrata ; intense viridia, ciliata, basi 3-5-nervia,
reticulato-venosa, venis primariis supernê evanescentibus. Pedunculi oppositi-

Joli, foliis longiores, poll. 4 circiter longi, simplices, pauciffori, recti, firmi,

teretes, glaberrimi. Flores speciosi, violacei, lin. 14 lati, pedicellati, pedicellis

cernuts, basi bracteolatis, puberulis. Calyx 3-A-sepalus ; sepalis inaequalibus,

2 exterioribus minoribus, ovatis viridibus rubro-coloratis. Petala ovata-lance-

olata, qualia, calycinis foliolis sub triplô longiora, margine subsinuosa, rubro-

violacea, nectariis paul breviora. Nectaria 4, petalis longitudine subagualia,
longè calcarata, attenuata, assurgentia, intensè violacea, Stamina 4, ovario
sublongiora, pistillo breviora; filamenta brevia, crassiuscula, glaberrima; an-
there lineares, oblonga, fave. Stylus sublateralis, ovario subequalis, apice
subincrassatus, glaberrimus ; stigmate discoideo plano coronatus. Ovarium
ovoideum, glaberrimum, viride, pluriovulatum. Morren & Decaisne 1. c.

The little dingy Epimedium alpinum, known only in the
gardens of Botanists, gave no promise of its representing a
line of beautiful herbaceous plants, and for a long time it
was supposed to be the only one of its race. The researches

* Botanical Register, vol. 22. fol. 1906.
August, 1849. Q

however of modern travellers have brought to light the '

existence of five others. Of these E. macranthum, a beau-
tiful species with pale violet flowers has already been figured
in this work; that now represented is a second; and we
have the Epimedium Musschianum, with large white flowers,
which is yet handsomer than either. All these are Japanese

lants, for the introduction of which to Europe the public is
indebted to Dr. Siebold. ‘The other two are E. pubigerum
an inconspicuous species from Constantinople and Æ. elatum,
a plant 2 or 3 feet high, with dull yellowish brown flowers,
discovered in Cashmere by Jacquemont.

That now represented is a very neat hardy Alpine peren-
nial, requiring the same treatment as other Alpines, and like

all such plants suffering equally from the extremes of wet and
dry.

_ At flowers in April and May, and may be increased by
division of the roots when in a dormant state; but like the
other species of the genus has never yet been found to seed.

Our figure was taken from a plant presented to the Horti-
cultural Society by Mr. Groom, of Walworth.

A me

A EAS

44

BRASAVOLA glauca.

Glaucous Brasavola.

GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.

Nat. ord. Oncutpacea, $ EPIDENDREZ.
BRASAVOLA. Botanical Register, fol. 1465.

B. glauca ; foliis coriaceis oblongis obtusis planiusculis glaucis, spathá uni-
florá, sepalis petalisque lineari-lanceolatis obtusis herbaceis, labello sub-
sessili subrotundo acuto margine lobato, clinandrio dentato dente dorsali
apice glanduloso. Bot. Reg. 1839, mise. no. 67.

B. glauca. Bateman's Orchidacee of Mexico and Guatemala, t. 16.

It is said that this charming plant was originally found
near Xalapa in Mexico, by Henchman, and that it was after-
wards imported more abundantly by a Frenchman of the name
of Deschamps, who brought over a large quantity of Orchida-
cee and Cacti for sale some years ago.* ‘To me it was first
made known by its having been gathered near Vera Cruz by
Mr. Hartweg, who sent it among his earliest consignments to
the Horticultural Society. It has since been received from
Guatemala, where Mr. Skinner found it growing on the oaks
of the country in company with Cyrtochilum maculatum var.
Russellianum, like which he directs it to be treated. He calls

* Upon this subject Mr. Bateman has given the following note in his
splendid work above quoted. . ** This importation was quite unique in its way,
and formed a sort of epoch in the history of the Orchido-mania. A vessel
came into port freighted, almost exclusively, with Epiphytes and Cacti, and
such was their abundance, that it was found necessary to engage an extensive
suite of apartments, for their accommodation, in Hungerford Market! The
plan pursued by M. Deschamps was, to parcel out his plants in small collec-
tions of about twenty species, for which, in the first instance, he asked and
obtained very high prices ; but the London market being at length exhausted,
similar collections were distributed through the provinces, and offered at
greatly reduced rates. The author himself purchased, in a country town, a
set of at least twenty kinds for a sum which, in the metropolis, he had in
vain tendered for only two! Incase of any futureinundation of Orchidacec,

this little fact should be borne in mind.”

it “a splendid white flower, with a most extraordinary strong
aromatic fragrance.” It is certainly very handsome and
sweet; but not so much with us as it appears to be in
Guatemala.

Its aspect is not that of a Brasavola, but rather of a
Cattleya, to which genus it was thought that it would belong :
but as soon as the flower appeared it was found to be a true
Brasavola, with all the characters that peculiarly mark that
genus. Like others it has the anther-bed lacerated, but the
dorsal tooth is tipped with a glandular swelling. Fig. 1. re-
presents this; and fig. 2. the pollen-masses, artificially sepa-

rated so as to show the large size of the powdery elastic straps
that hold them together.

This is found as easy to cultivate as any of the other Mexi-
can Orchidaces, requiring a damp warm atmosphere when
growing, and to be kept cool and dry when in a state of
inaction. It will succeed either suspended from the roof of
the house upon a block of wood, or in a well drained pot, the
óhly difficulty in its cultivation being in inducing it to blos-
som. Upon this subject I have received the following note
from Mr. Fortune, who has succeeded in making it flower
freely in the garden of the Horticultural Society.

** At the base of every leaf there is a bud, and from the
leaf itself the flower springs, which in many instances proves
abortive, apparently owing to the luxuriance of the bud at its
base. As a proof of this—after many fruitless attempts to
make this plant flower—one of these buds was removed, which
allowed the sap intended for the nourishment of that bud to
go to the formation of the flower, and the result was the pro-
duction of the subject of the present plate. In the following
season the plant was covered with flowers upon the same prin-
ciple, though not at the expense of its buds. "This was done
by keeping it dry and not allowing the buds at the base to

grow much until the flower stems were so far advanced as to
be out of danger."

It is easily propagated by division.

Ag

Yi we

5

45

BIGNONIA Tweediana.

Tweedie's Bignonia.

DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA.

Nat. ord. BxcNoN1ACEX. Trib. 1. Brenonrex Bojer.
BIGNONIA. Botanical Register, vol. ii. fol. 249.

B. Tweediana ; foliis conjugatis, foliolis lanceolatis acuminatis apice subaris-
tatis petiolis leviter pubescentibus, pedunculis unifloris flore brevioribus,
calyce bilabiato oblique truncato sub 5-lobo labiis utrisque rotundatis
supremo majore, corollz glaberrimze limbo alté 5-partito ciliato : laciniis

rotundatis emarginatisque tubo gracili dupló brevioribus.

For this new Bignonia we are indebted to the Hon. W. F.
Strangways, by whom it was imported from Buenos Ayres in

1838.

It is very nearly allied to B. equinoctialis, from which it
differs in having much narrower leaflets, a distinctly lobed
2-lipped calyx, and a more slender flower whose lobes are
deeply divided, and narrower at the base than at the apex.

The name of B. equinoctialis does not occur among the
species enumerated by M. DeCandolle in his Revue de la
famille des Bignoniacées, but we presume it must be retained
by him in the genus Bignonia proper, of which it appears that
200 species are known to that learned Botanist. Considering
their uniform beauty it is surprising that we should not find
them commonly cultivated, and that out of so large a number,
inhabiting parts of the tropics constantly visited by Euro-
peans, scarcely any collection can boast of a dozen species.

This is a greenhouse plant of the most easy cultivation,
striking readily from layers or cuttings, and growing freely
from seeds when they can be procured. It will succeed in
almost any soil, but prefers a mixture of loam, peat, and sand,
thriving best and seen to the greatest advantage if planted

out in the border of the conservatory and trained over a con-
siderable space.

The flowers are produced freely, hanging down and having
a very pretty and graceful effect.

> G y €); 7 72 4 Y
— F — 97 AC tret 167) S” secc 2^, dou 72547 7 Barly ^

46

AQUILEGIA glauca.

Glaucous Columbine.

POLYANDRIA PENTAGYNIA.

Nat. ord. RANUNCULACEA.
AQUILEGIA. Botanical Register, vol. 11. fol. 922.

A. glauca; perennis, glauca, subpubescens, caule folioso plurifloro, foliolis
trifidis cuneatis laciniis bitrilobis superioribus ovatis integerrimis, flori-
bus amplis (flavescentibus odoratis) pilosiusculis, sepalis ovato-lanceo-
latis acutis, petalorum calcaribus rectis lamina truncata brevioribus, sta-
minibus petalis subeegualibus, ovariis glanduloso-villosis.

Another of the fortunate results of the large and continual
importations of seeds from the Himalaya mountains and Cash-
mere by the East India Company.

It is a fine hardy perennial growing well in any good
garden soil, and requiring the same treatment as the common
Columbine. Its stems are from one to two feet high. Its
flowers are deliciously sweet and appear in May and June.
It may be increased from seeds or by dividing the old plants
when in a dormant state.

Probably, as this does not appear among the Columbines
enumerated by Drs. Royle and Wallich as found in the North
of India, it may be considered by these excellent botanists as
a variety of their A. pubiflora; but if we are to apply to the
genus in India the distinctive characters employed for the
species of Europe and Northern Asia, we must regard this
as being distinct from it, in the larger and sweet-scented
straw-coloured flowers, the nearly smooth stems, the very
glaucous leaves, and the shaggy ovaries. It is much more
difficult to distinguish from A. fragrans, another sweet-scented
Indian species, which has however the spurs of the petals
hooked inwards, and nothing of the glaucous colour so strik-
ingly conspicuous in the foliage of A. glauca.

47

* SPIRONEMA fragrans,

Sweet-scented Spiralthread.

HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. ord. CoMMELINACEX.

SPIRONEMA. Flores paniculati, nudi, in axillis spatharum fasciculati.
Calyx 3-phyllus, herbaceus, paleaceus, imbricatus. Petala 3, diaphana, pa-
leacea, inclusa. Stamina 6, hypogyna, sequalia, filamentis spiralibus, antheris
cordatis petaloideis, loculos suos in lobis baseos transversim gerentibus.
Ovarium 3-loculare, oligospermum ; ovulis horizontalibus. Stylus simplex ;
stigma simplex, papillosum. Herba Sanseviere habitu.

Spironema fragrans. Supra p. 26. mise.

Herba, Sanseviere habitu, glabra, acaulis. Folia oblongo-lanceolata, acu-
tissima, late viridia, obsolete nervosa, margine minutissimê scabrida. Panicula
ramosa, ad nodos spathis membranaceis triquinquedentatis integrisque aristatis
subciliatis munita. Flores odoratissimi, axillares, subsessiles, glomerati, parvi,
bracteis paleaceis involucrati. Sepala 3, paleacea, imbricata, striata, vires-
centia, dorso pilis longis ciliata. Petala pauld minora, tenuissima, diaphana,
paleeformia, obtusa. Stamina 6, equalia, hypogyna; filamentorum epider-
mide tenuissimd laxd axin e vasis spiralibus constructam spiralem induentibus ;
antherze connectivum cordatum, album, obtusum, sublobatum, basi loculos sim-
plices transversos gerens. Ovarium ovatum, medio subconstrictum, parce glan-
dulosum, triloculare: ovulis cuique loculo paucis (4) horizontalibus spharicis,
Stylus filiformis ; stigma simplex, papillosum.

This very curious thing is a native of Mexico, whence it
was imported by Messrs. Lowe and Co. By the searcher after
show plants it will be despised, for it is not more handsome
than a rush; by the lover of fragrant plants it will be che-
rished, for its smell is delicious ; and by him who delights in
studying the secret workings of nature it will be preserved
with the greatest care, because its thin and delicate tissue
allows the hidden motion of its fluids and the subtile texture
of its fructifying organs to be watched with ease and pleasure.

* From ozeipa a spire and vijua a stamen, in allusion to the spiral threads
that occupy the interior of the filaments.

August, 1840. e

It is more especially in the stamens that its structure is
singular; of these the skin of the filament is excessively
thin and hardly adheres to that below it, and it encloses a
bundle of spiral vessels too long for the sheath of skin, so
that while the latter is straight and even, the former are forced
into a spiral direction from want.of room to straighten; the
lobes of the anther too are placed transversely across the
lobes of a heartshaped membranous connective, which is
generally itself more or less lobed.

lt may be considered that this genus shows more distinctly
than any previously discovered, the transition from the Com-
melynaceous order into the Xyridaceous and those others to
which the name glumaceous is often applied.

A greenhouse herbaceous plant of the easiest cultivation.

Fig. 1. represents a calyx; 2. a corolla with the stamens
and pistil; 3. a pistil; 4. a vertical section of the ovary.

48

CATTLEYA Aclandis.
Lady Acland’s Cattleya.

GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.

Nat. Ord. Orncuipacex $ EPIDENDREA.
CATTLEYA. Botanical Register, vol. 12. fol. 927.

$. 2. Labelli lobis lateralibus abbreviatis, columnam haud supertegentibus.

C. Aclandie ; folis oblongis, floribus subsolitariis, sepalis petalisque her-
baceis lanceolatis eequalibus incurvis maculatis, labelli plani calvi hypo-
chilio dilatato patulo subrepando epichilio orbiculari reniformi emarginato.

Of this very distinct and pretty species of the handsomest
of all the genera of Orchidacee I have only seen a single
flower, which I owe to the kindness of Lady Acland of Killer-
ton, by whom the drawing, from which the annexed figure
was prepared, was also supplied.

It was received from Brazil in October, 1839, having been
discovered by Lieut. James of H. M. ship Spey, and flowered
in the stove at Killerton in the month of July, 1840, under
the able management of Mr. Craggs, Sir Thomas Acland's

gardener.

It is probable that the plant, when in a more vigorous
state, will produce several flowers of a larger size, in a
cluster; even in the present state the large purple lip and
column render it very handsome.

Together with Cattleya bicolor it forms a distinct section

of the genus, distinguished by the base of the lip being too
narrow, and too spreading, to cover over the column.

y^ ide Lyf UC

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49

* GALEANDRA Baueri.

Bauer's Casguewort.

GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.

Nat. ord. ORCHIDACEE, $ VANDER.

GALEANDRA. Illustr. of Orch. Pl. gen. t. 8. Gen. $ Sp. Orch.
p. 186.

Perianthium patens v. conhivens, sepalis petalisque cegualibus ascendentibus,
liberis. Labellum infundibuliforme, calcaratum, indivisum, sessile, in-
tus leve, margine nunc fimbriato. Columna erecta, membranaceo-alata,
clinandrio declivi. Anthera galeseformis, cristâ recurvá eum dorso cli-
nandrii cardinatá. Pollinia 2, posticé excavata, caudiculá brevi, cum
glandulâ elongata basi divergenti-bilobá articulatâ.—— Herbæ terrestres,
foliis plicatis, scapis radicalibus v. racemis terminalibus.

G. Baueri. (G. & Sp. Orch. 186.) caule simplici, foliis lanceolatis 3-nerviis,
corymbo terminali pedunculato nutante foliis breviore, pedunculo squamis
lineari-lanceolatis membranaceis vaginato, sepalis petalisque lineari-
oblongis acutiusculis, labello maximo antico emarginato apiculato crenu-
lato, calcare ovario sequali.

G. Baueri. Bateman Orch. Mex. $ Guat. t. 19.

This plant was originally discovered in French Guiana
by Martin, among whose dried plants it was found when they
were purchased by Mr. Lambert and others. A drawing
was subsequently made from it by Mr. Francis Bauer, the
details of which were published in the Illustrations of Orchi-
daceous plants; and from those materials exclusively the
species was adopted in the Genera and Species 0 Orchidacea.
Subseguently the identical specimen from which Mr. Bauer's
drawing was made was given by Mr. Lambert to Mr. N. B.
Ward, who most liberally added it to my herbarium. At
last a Mexican plant was received by Mr. Barker, from his
collector Mr. Ross, who met with it at a place called “ Kisa-

* From galea, a casque, and aynp an anther ; in allusion to the crested
anther. At first sight this would seem to be a hybrid name, being con-
structed of two words belonging to different languages; but as galea itself
is from the Greek yaA;j, I hope critics will consider the name allowable.

September, 1849. z

tipa, ten leagues from Melacatapec, and growing at the upper
end of a dry ravine, terminating half way up the mountains,
in a south-west aspect. The temperature varying from 69°
to 77” Fahr. by day, and at night as low as 59°. The moun-
tain surrounding this ravine, that is on the north-east side,
is covered with a great variety of Orchides, whilst on the
south side of the ravine there are none to be found but a few
Tillandsias. On the top of the mountain there is a continual
mist all the year, from December to February excepted.
The atmosphere is particularly moist and warm.” From this

plant the accompanying drawing was made, and it is a faithful
likeness.

The same plant has subsequently reached the Horticultural
Society through Mr. Hartweg ; but the flowers it produced
were of a much more dull colour than those of Mr. Barker.
That all the specimens now adverted to are identical I am
certain ; so that the plant ranges over an -unusual extent of
country, the South of Mexico on the one hand, and French
Guiana on the other, being its northern and southern limits.
It is at present excessively rare in gardens.

In the garden of the Horticultural Society it is treated in
the same manner as Catasetums and plants of that kind. It
is grown in a welldrained pot, has plenty of water when
forming its leaves and flowers, and when that period has
passed by, is allowed gradually to dry up and winter itself.
It is found by this treatment to push with more vigour the
next year than if it is kept in a continual state of excitement.
Another plant now to be found in several collections, and
called Galeandra Baueri, but which is much more branched,

and has not yet flowered, certainly grows better when fixed
to a block of wood than when grown in a pot.

E handay ID

Pub by I Ridgway 169 Prrcadilly Len"? 1840

50

CYNOGLOSSUM longiflorum.

Long-flowered Hounds-tongue.

PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. Ord. BORAGINACEX.
CYNOGLOSSUM. Botanical Register, 1839. fol. 36.

C. longiflorum (Royle mss.); pilosum, foliis oblongis acuminatis superioribus
basi cordato-amplexicaulibus, racemis ebracteatis, calycis laciniis tubo
corolle duplô brevioribus, nucibus marginatis: aculeis uniserialibus
paucisque sparsis. Bentham in Royle's Illustr. p. 305.

Of this fine species of Hounds-tongue the characteristic
marks are derived in part from the great length of the tube
of the corolla, and in part from the elongation of the pro-
cesses which rise up from the mouth of the corolla, and
alternate with the stamens. They are as long as the project-
ing filaments, curved inwards and emarginate at the apex,
and hollow, which latter circumstance renders it probable that
they are mere folds of the corolla and not abortive stamina.

According to Brown (Prodr. p.495) the species with
projecting stamens are to be excluded from the genus; and
if so, this plant is not a Cynoglossum. But the fruit is that
of the latter genus, not of Anchusa, to which I presume the

species must otherwise be referred.
This is a very pretty hardy perennial, growing about a

foot and a half high, if planted in any good garden soil, and
flowering freely from the end of May to the beginning of

August.
It is increased by seeds or divisions of the roots ; but by

seeds is the best way, as they are produced abundantly ; how-
ever the plants so raised will not flower before the second

season after sowing.

It was raised from seeds received from the Honourable
East India Company, through Dr. Royle, in May, 1839, and
collected in Cashmere ; it stood out last winter in the open
border without any protection.

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51

ALLIUM coeruleum.
Blue Leer.

HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. ord. LiLIACER.
ALLIUM. Botanical Register, vol. 9. fol. 758.

A. ceruleum ; foliis linearibus triquetris, scapo tereti, umbellis globosis spa-
tha multó longioribus, perianthii laciniis acutis filamenta simplicia
aequalia subulata zequantibus.

. eeruleum. Pallas. it. 2. 737. t. R. Link & Otto abbild. p. 39. t. 20.

. azureum. Ledeb. ic. pl. fl. rossic. alt. illustr. t. 136. A. altaic. 2. 14.

. ccerulescens. G. Don monogr. all. p. 34. Römer $ Schultes syst. veg.

7. 1032.

> > >

Originally found by Pallas in abundance upon the salt
plains of Asiatic Russia, near the Irtisch river; afterwards
by Ledebour on the Altai mountains, near the fortress of

Buchtarminsk, flowering in May and June.

Although its colour varies in intensity, sometimes being
a little paler, and sometimes much darker than in the an-
nexed figure, yet the flowers are always bright blue. Why
therefore Mr. George Don thought it desirable to substitute
for Pallas’ very good name cwruleum his own very bad one of

cerulescens, it 1s not easy to conjecture.

Dr. Wallich's A. ceruleum, from Nepal and Kemaon,
which I presume is the same as the Himalayan plant, so called

by Dr. Royle, is a different species. .

In gardens this is a pretty bulbous plant, quite hardy,
growing about eighteen inches high in any rich soil, and
flowering about the end of June. It may be increased
freely, either by seeds or by offsets from the old roots. The
seeds, like those of all bulbous plants, should be sown when
ripe in pans, and should not be disturbed before the second
season after sowing, during which time they require no care

except watering during the growing season, keeping free from
weeds and from the attacks of slugs.

It was raised from seeds received by the Horticultural
Society from Dr. Fischer in 1834,

The species is a Leek, not an Onion ; that is to say, the
leaves are flat like the first, and not round like the second.

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52

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PASSIFEORA verrucifera.

Warted Passion-flower.

——— —

MONADELPHIA PENTANDRIA.

Nat. ord. PASSIFLORACEZ.
PASSIFLORA. Botanical Register, vol. 1. fol. 13.

§ Granadilla. DeCand. Prodr. 3. 327.

Involuerum sub flore 3-phyllum ; foliolis integris dentatisve non laciniatis.
Calyx 5-lobus. Petala 5. Pedicelli 1-flori et cirrhi simplices ex iisdem
axillis.

* Foliis lobatis tripartitis sectisve.

P. verrucifera; foliis glabris trilobis serratis basi obtusis cuneatisque, petiolis
apice biglandulosis pedunculis duplò longioribus, bracteis ovatis acumi-
natis serratis sepalisque margine glandulis verruciformibus obsitis, co-
ronæ radiis subulatis petalis brevioribus. Supra mise. no. 105.

Caulis glaber. Stipulæ setaceæ, pedunculo fere equales. Sepala intus
alba, petalis albis duplò latiora. Coronæ radii atropurpurei, biseriati,
equales; annulus supremus integerrimus, planus, tuberculis paucis purpureis
infra marginem; intermedius erectus, crenulatus; columnaris pentagonus.
Ovarium sub lente minutissimê sericeum.

A greenhouse climber, bought by Mr. Harris of Kingsbury
from Colville’s nursery, but without any information of its
native country. It is however in all probability Brazil, where

are other nearly allied species.

Its affinity is evidently with P. incarnata and edulis, from
both which it is clearly distinguished by the singular produc-
tion of green warts upon the margin, not only of the bracts
but of the sepals. Like all its genus its flowers are very
curious and pretty; but its want of rich colours renders it
far inferior to many species now cultivated.

It is a greenhouse climber, of as easy cultivation as the
common Passiflora edulis, and will grow with the greatest
luxuriance if planted in the border of the conservatory. The
soil which suits it best is rich loam mixed with peat and sand.

It can be multiplied freely by cuttings.

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Sr ly f Felyn, 7 GY ena e 1540 GR arei ad FC

53

CLEMATIS montana.

Mountain Clematis.

POLYANDRIA POLYGYNIA.

Nat. ord. RANUNCULACE X.
CLEMATIS. Botanical Register, vol. 23. fol. 1955.

$ 1. Flammula.
Involucrum 0. Petala 0. Carpellorum cauda longe, barbato-plumose. Em-
bryonis in semine cotyledones distantes.
C. montana; pedunculis 1-floris, involucro nullo, foliis ternati-sectis segmen-
tis oblongis acuminatis subtrifidis grossé serratis. DeCand. syst. 1. 164.

prodr. 1.9.
C. anemoniflora. Don Prodr. Jf. nep. 192. fide Royle.

—

According to Dr. Royle, Clematis grata from its fra-
stance, and C. montana from the showy nature of its garlands
of numerous white rose-like flowers, are the most desirable of
the Himalayan species of this charming genus as ornamental
plants. Certainly nothing can well be more beautiful than
the latter, of which a figure is now given; for in the month
of May, or even in April, on the south coast of England, it is
one mass of the most brilliant snow-white blossoms tinged
with a delicate pink.

It is a species of the Flammula section, and not at all re-
lated to that called Cheiropsis, in which by some mistake it
was stationed by DeCandolle.

It is a hardy climber, flowering in May, and requiring
the same treatment as the other hardy kinds of Clematis.

It strikes freely from cuttings of the half-ripe wood, and
grows very rapidly if planted in any strong rich soil. It is
' therefore well adapted for covering arbours, the flowers being

September, 1840. =

sweet scented and produced earlier than any of the other
hardy species.

It was first brought from India by Lady Amherst, and
distributed under the name of Clematis odorata, a name it
still retains in some collections. The accompanying drawing

was made in the Garden of the Horticultural Society in May
last.

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54

RODRIGUEZIA crispa.

Crisped Sweet-scented Rodriguezia.

GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.

Nat. Ord. ORcH1iDACEX $ VANDEA.
RODRIGUEZIA. Botanical Register, vol. 11. fol. 930.

R. crispa ; pseudobulbis ovatis elongatis compressis diphyllis, foliis oblongo-
lanceolatis patentibus undulatis, racemo elongato denso pyramidato nu-
tante, sepalis omnibus liberis petalisque undulato-crispis, labello sigmoi-
deo lanceolato bicristato appendice ungue multó breviore.

R. crispa. Bot. Reg. 1839, misc. no. 139.

One of the sweetest plants I know ; its fragrance resem-
bling that of Primroses. It is an Orchidaceous plant from
the Organ mountains of Brazil, and flowered with Messrs.
Loddiges in October, 1839. Its singularly crisped flowers,
of a dull sea-green, bordered with yellow, have an uncommon

appearance.

It is evidently very near R. suaveolens, the Pleurothallis
foliosa of the Botanical Magazine, t. 2746, a plant I have
never seen. But according to the figure and description the
two lateral sepals of that species are united at the base, and
the flowers are very little crisped.

It is one of those plants which succeed either in a well
drained pot, or suspended in the air of the stove upon a block
of wood, as it suits the fancy or convenience of the cultivator.
It should never be kept so dry as Catasetums, or plants with
thick and fleshy pseudo-bulbs. It is easily propagated by
division, the front bulbs making the best plants.

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CALANTHE discolor.

Discoloured Fairbloom.

GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.

Nat. ord. ORCBYDACER, $ VANDER.
CALANTHE. Botanica! Register, vol. vii. fol. 571.

C. discolor ; racemo laxo pubescente, sepalis petalisque acutis, labelli trilobi
columns omnind accreti basi pubescentis bilamellati lobo intermedio
bilobo 3-carinato, calcare pubescente acuto limbo breviore. Sertum Or-
chidaceum, sub. t. 9. Bot. Reg. misc. 1838. no. 32.

Folia oblonga, venis tribus majoribus, ceterisque minoribus interjectis,
scapo elongato racemoso multifforo breviora. Scapus palmaris ad sesquipeda-
lem floribus 8-20. Sepala e£ petala vinoso-purpurea ; labellum album sub-
roseum.

This very pretty species was first communicated to me by
M. Auguste Mechelinck of Ghent, who had flowered it and
C. bicolor. It was subsequently sent to this country, and has
now blossomed in several places ; no where however with more
beauty than with Mr. Bateman, whose specimen was a foot and
half high. Its rich wine-red sepals and petals form so good
a back-ground for the white lip, which they so much relieve,
that this species is to be regarded as one of the handsomer
species of the genus, and is certainly much more worth culti-
_ vating than C. veratrifolia, furcata, or densiflora, which have
whole-coloured blossoms.

I am unacquainted with the native country of this spe-
cies ; but as it comes to us through the Dutch, it is probably
either Japan or Java, and most likely the former country.

In general the species of the genus Calanthe require to -
be cultivated in the stove or orchidaceous house. It consists
of plants which appear to derive a considerable quantity of
hourishment from the soil in which they grow; and the spe-
cies should therefore be planted in pots 1n preference to being

October, 1840, d

suspended in the atmosphere of the stove. Their soil should
consist of good brown peat, and the pots must be well drained.
Whether or not there is any thing specially requisite in the
management of this species 1 am not informed.

56

* BATATAS betacea.

Beet-rooted Sweet Potatoe.

PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. Ord. CONVOLVULACER.

BATATAS. Sepala 5. Corolla campanulata, Stamina inclusa. Sty-
lus 1. Stigma capitatum, bilobum. Ovarium 4-loculare, loculis monosper-
mis. Capsula 4-locularis, aut abortu 3-locularis.——Herbe nune repentes,
nune volubiles. Choisy conv. or. p. 52.

B. betacea; foliis ovatis cordatis angulatis et subquinquelobis acutis, racemo
contracto composito, sepalis acuminatis, tubo corolle limbo circulari

longiore, radice fusiformi sanguineá. Bot. Reg. 1839. misc. 152.

Until the confusion that exists among the species of Con-
volvulaceous plants shall have been cleared, up by the publi-
cation of the labours of M. Choisy in DeCandolle's Prodromus,
it is impracticable to say whether a given tropical species is
new or not. I am therefore by no means able to affirm that
such is the case in the present instance; a diligent search
however has not enabled me to discover any record of it, and
at all events it is new to our gardens.

As has already been stated at No. 152 of the miscellaneous
matter of the Botanical Register for 1839, the plant is a
native of Demerara: and according to Mr. May, of the Ripon
Nursery, who first had it for sale, it is a stove plant, with
sufficient hardiness to succeed in a good greenhouse; which, `

* To the language of what American nation this word is to be assigned,
does not seem clearly ascertained ; that it is American seems however cer-
tain, for it has no designation among the natives of Asia ; the Malay names
mentioned by Rumphius being clearly exotic to those countries. According
to Piso and Marcgraaf the Portuguese of Brazil, in their day, called the
Sweet Potatoe Batata, but the natives had a different name. Whether or not
Hernandez throws any light Hem the subject I have not the means of ascer-
taining, as there is no copy of his book within reach just now.

considering the habits of such plants, is probable; but it is
doubtful whether it will flower well without high heat.

The peculiar colour of its flowers renders it strikingly
different from Ipomea scabra, Horsfallie, tyrianthina, rubro-
cerulea, or any of the other showy species now commonly in
cultivation ; and its roots, which are said to be like red beet,

form a singular part of its character, Such a variety of the
Sweet Potato is mentioned by Marcgraaf.

The whole genus Batatas seems to have large fleshy roots;
the B. edulis, which is the common eatable Sweet Potato, the
B. paniculata, which has large turnip-shaped roots that yield a
kind of Jalap, and the present plant, are apparently mere types
of the prevalent character of the genus, which has been struck -
off Ipomoa by M. Choisy, principally on account of the ovary

being 4-celled, with one seed in each cell, instead of 2-celled,
with 2 seeds in each cell,

= E y â ` - C d m Í
L Ay, Uy b eim [qu 2 16 g PrecachAhy Oct T. /8 ke Ü Sba veg te

== y

57

* ECHEVERIA secunda.
One-sided Echeveria.

DECANDRIA PENTAGYNIA.

Nat. ord. CRASSULACER.
ECHEVERIA. Botanical Register, vol. 15. t. 1247.

E. secunda ; foliis rosulato-confertis cuneatis mucronatis pinguibus IUe $

racemo secundo recurvo, floribus longé pedunculatis. Bot. Reg. 183

[1

mise. 112.

So full an account has been given by Mr. Booth of this
plant at no. 112 of the miscellaneous notices of the Botanical
Register for 1834, that little remains to be added.

It has now betn cultivated for some time in the garden
of the Horticultural Society, where it was received from Sir
Charles Lemon, Bart. and it proves a very beautiful green-
house plant, of the easiest management, remaining in flower
during many weeks in the summer. It would doubtless suc-
ceed perfectly well in a sitting room, with Aloes, Stapelias,
and such plants; only it is necessary that it should be fully
exposed to the hottest sun for as long a period of the summer
as possible, otherwise it will become drawn, and its colours
will want brightness.

Care too must be taken that the pot in which it is placed
is thoroughly drained of superfluous moisture, by means of a
deep layer of broken pottery ; for it is more liable to suffer
from damp than from drought.

From its sides below the leaves there spring many young
branches, or suckers, as in the common Houseleek, and by
those it is freely multiplied, each sucker forming a plant if
potted in silver sand.

* See folio 1247.

Now that communications with Mexico are so frequent, we
ought to expect many more species of this genus, all of which
are worth the cultivator's care. Æ. coccinea, with a leafy
spike of scarlet flowers, yellow inside; Æ. teretifolia, whose
flowers are of the same colour, but whose leaves are tapering,
still remain to be introduced ; and even the old Æ. cespitosa,
with the habit of the species now figured, but with yellow
stalkless flowers, is seldom or never seen, although cultivated
years ago. In addition to these there are several species
not yet described, to which, from the general beauty of the
genus, some importance is to be attached.

180

i 4
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y 169
SF Redgwoy
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58

CATTLEYA labiata; var. Mossiz.
Mrs. Moss’s Cattleya.

GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.

Nat. Ord. ORcH1DACEX $ EPIDENDREZ.
CATTLEYA. Botanical Register, vol. xi. fol. 953.

C. labiata; sepalis lineari-lanceolatis, petalis membranaceis undulatis multd
latioribus, labello obovato erispo-undulato obtuso v. emarginato disco
levi, pseudobulbis oblongis sulcatis.

a. petalis lanceolatis undulatis, labelli disco sanguineo.

C. labiata. Lindl. coll. bot. 1. 33. Gen. et Sp. orch. 116. Hooker exot. A. t.

. 157. Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1856.

B. petalis oblongis subcrispis, labelli disco luteo sanguineo punctato aut

icto.

C. Moim. Hooker in Bot. Mag. t. 3669.

A native of La Guayra, whence it was imported by the
London Nurserymen in considerable quantity some time since; .
and it is consequently dispersed through the country more
plentifully than was imagiued when it first flowered in Mr.
Moss’s garden at Liverpool. Since that period it has been
sent me by several of my correspondents, and has appeared in
the London exhibitions. The specimen from which the annexed
figure was taken was communicated by Sir Philip Egerton,
Bart., who bought it of Mr. Joseph Knight, in the King’s
Road.

Beautiful a plant as this is, and different as it sometimes
appears to be from C. labiata, I am satisfied that it is a mere
variety of that species, from which it differs principally in the
lip being yellow, mottled with crimson, instead of deep blood
red. The characters relied upon to separate it are —1. Its
branching stem; 2. its furrowed pseudobulbs; 3. its broader
sepals and petals and larger flowers; 4. its unguiculate petals;
and 5. its colour: but none of these distinctions can be relied
upon.

1. The branching stem is only a trifling modification of
the ordinary habit of Cattleyas, whose rhizoma is the stem,
of which the pseudo-bulbs are the branches. 2. The furrowed
pseudo-bulbs exist equally in C. labiata. 3. Nothing can
well be more variable than the size of the sepals and petals,
and consequently of the flowers themselves in different indi-
viduals, and under different circumstances. Sir W. Hooker
describes the original C. Mossiw as being seven inches and a
half in diameter, from the tip of the upper sepal to the end
of the labellum ; from tip to tip of the two opposite petals
eight inches and a half, each petal being a little more than
four inches long, and two inches and a half broad; twenty-
four inches in the circumference of the entire blossom!
One such specimen I have seen, in the collection of Mrs.
Lawrence, and it is probable that similar cases will not be un-
common when the imported plants shall have recovered their
full health ; but up to the present time the greater part of
the specimens I have seen are not larger than the flowers in
the annexed plate, and are therefore less rather than larger
than C. labiata. 4. I do not find the petals more unguicu-
late in the one than in the other; but they are broader and
more crisp in C. Mossie than in its prototype. 5. 'To colour
alone of course no importance can be assigned.

It is not merely in the case of C. Mossiz that the supposed
species of the genus require reconsideration. It is probable
that C. Harrisonii is a var. of C. Loddigesii; and C. inter-
media, is certainly nothing more than a state of C. Forbesii,

with the yellow exchanged for white and purple.

29

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59

* LEMONIA spectabilis.

Beautiful Lemonia.

PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. ord. Ruracem, $ DIOSMEÆ-CUSPARIDÆ.

LEMONIA. Sepala 5, quorum par exterius foliaceum bivalve. Pe-
tala 5, connata, limbo subineequali, tubo recto. Stamina 5, corolle tubo
adnata; 2 fertilia sessilia, 3 sterilia cornuta, exserta, glandulosa. Discus
cyathiformis, crenatus. Capsule 5, libere, monospermee. Cotyledones con-
duplicati, haud corrugati.

LEMONIA spectabilis.

Frutex. Ramuli pubescentes, Folia trifoliolata ; foliolis petiolo pube-
scente longioribus, obovatis, obtusis, glabris. Racemi axillares, pauciflori, fo-
liis subequales. Flores purpurei, speciosi, pedicellati. Sepala 5; par exterius
involueri bivalvis adspectu cui foliola ovata herbacea obtusa tubo corolle bre-
viora; cetera tria multó minora, subrotunda, concava, equalia, tubo corolle
arctê appressa, pallida, margine rubentia. Corolla monopetala, phenicea, car-
nosa, superficie rugulosá, hypocrateriformis ; tubo recto apice obliquo, limbo
breviore; laciniis 5, oblongis, obtusis, nonnihil oblique positis, superiore ceteris
paulo breviore. Stamina in tubum connata intus pubescentem, corolla tubum
arctê vestientem; Anthere duo superiores, (cum petalo minore alterne) ovate,
obtuse, in apicem tubi staminei liberum sessiles; 3 inferiores steriles, cornute,
glandulose, intermediá trilobá. Ovarium solidum, subrotundum, disco cyathi-
formi crenato immersum; stylus filiformis, glaber; stigma acute 5-lobum.
Fructus partes omnes citó solute, tandem in folliculos 5 monospermos suturá
ventrali dehiscentes mutate. Carpella glabra, intus reticulata; putamine
elastice separabili, cartilagineo, bivalvi. Semina solitaria, ascendentia, grisea,
scabra, subrotundo-trigona, chalazá magna discolore hilo circulari excavato
proximá. Testa crustacea, fragilis. Endopleura tenuis, carnosa. Embryo
in se arcuatus, radiculd elongatá inflexd, inter cotyledones bilobos conduplicatos

haud corrugatos inclusd.

Messrs. Loddiges imported this plant from Cuba, and
from a specimen in their possession the accompanying drawing

* This very distinct and beautiful genus is named as a slight acknow-
ledgment of the great benefits conferred, not merely upon science in general,
but upon Botany in particular, by the large and well directed liberality of Sir
Charles Lemon, Bart. M.P., whose garden at Carclew, near Penrhyn, in Corn-
wall, has been for many years a fruitful source of new and interesting plants.

October, 1840. x

was made in August last. At that time it had been for some
weeks in flower, and had lost something of the beauty which
- it possessed originally. It was still, however, a plant of no .
ordinary ornament.

Of course it will be a stove plant, but when we consider
how .few stove shrubs will produce their blossoms, such a
novelty as this is doubly welcome.

It forms a genus of the Rutaceous order, allied to those
American monopetalous genera, of which the Angostura
bark tree may be taken as the type, and is in particular nearly
akin to Monniera, a weed of tropical America, without any
of the beauty of this plant. From Monniera it differs in the
tube of the corolla not being curved, in its limb having but
little irregularity, and in the disk being a regularly crenated
cup, and not a permanent distinct two-toothed scale. It is
the more interesting because it brings the genus Monniera
more distinctly within the division Cusparide, with the ordi-
nary genera of which it agrees in habit, while its organiza-
tion agrees better with that of Monniera, the habit of which
1s but little in accordance with the rest of the division.

/

Miss Drake del. 3 Pile by G Pas a OO eot lug Ceti 7 7BE40 C Rare “gy HC

60

* HARDENBERGIA digitata.
Finger-leaved Hardenbergia.

DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA.

Nat. ord. Fasace#, or LEGUMINOSÆ ; $ PuaseEoLEA, Bentham.

HARDENBERGIA. Benth. Enum. pl. Hugel. p. 40. Calyx campa-
nulatus, breviter 5-dentatus, subbilabiatus. Corolle vexillum orbiculatum,
subintegrum, basi angustatum, exappendiculatum, vix unguiculatum, alis lon-
gius. Ale obliqué obovato-oblongee. Carina alis ultra medium adherens, .
et iis brevior, incurva, obtusa. Stamina distincté diadelpha; filamento vex-
illari basi recto inarticulato. Ovarium pluriovulatum. Stylus brevis, ad-
scendens, subulatus. Stigma capitatum subpenicillatum. Legumen lineare,
compressum, intüs isthmis cellulosis submultiloculare. Semina strophiolata.
—— Frutices volubiles, Australasici, seepiús glabri. Folia pinnatim trifolio-
lata, vel unifoliolata ; foliolis stipellatis. Stipulee ef bractez minute. Pe-
dunculi axillares, multiffori. Pedicelli ebracteolati. Calyces glabri. Corolle
cerulee aut violacez. Bentham de Legum. gen. p. 124.

H. digitata ; foliis digitatis, foliolis ovato-oblongis obtusis terminali longiüs
petiolato, stipulis angusté triangularibus, racemis pedunculatis multi-
floris foliis longioribus, vexillo oblato acuto. Bot. Reg. 1840. mise.
no. 142.

H. macrophylle (Kennedy ? macrophylle, supra t. 1862.); similis, sed
foliis digitatis et floribus duplo minoribus diversa.

A new Swan River climber, raised by Mr. Toward in the
garden of H. R. H. the Duchess of Gloucester, at Bagshot.
It is clearly distinguished from all the previously discovered
species of the genus, by its leaflets growing in fives, not in
threes. Its flowers too are smaller than in any of the other
species.

Mr. Toward informs nie that “its fine growth and profuse
blossoms render it a very valuable greenhouse climber, fully

^ * Named by Mr. Bentham after the Countess of Hardenberg, a noble
Austrian lady, sister to Baron Hugel, and in whose garden the plants col-
lected by her brother in his travels, were carefully nursed until his return.

equal, if not superior, to any of its congeners.” I do not
quite agree to this, for H. Comptoniana is brighter coloured
and has finer corollas ; but it is certainly a welcome acquisi-
tion. It first flowered in April of the present year, and will
no doubt prefer the spring for its blossoming season.

In the garden of the Horticultural Society it is found to
require the same treatment as other weak trailing greenhouse
plants, and may be grown and flowered successfully either by
being trained up a rafter, or round the convenient trellis
work now so common as a support for such plants, when
grown in pots. The latter method is particularly desirable
where it is wished to move the plant from one house to another,
or to have its flowers near the eye. The best soil is loam

and peat mixed with a quantity of sand. It strikes readily
from cuttings.

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61

ROSCOEA purpurea.
Purple Roscoea.

MONANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. Ord. ZYNGIBERACEX.

ROSCOEA. Smith. Calyx tubulosus. Corolle tubus sursüm dilatatus; |
limbi lacinie exteriores laterales angustee patentes, postica fornicata, erecta ;
interiores laterales breves, posticê conniventes; Jabellum majus, bilobum.
Filamentum brevissimum, carinatum, antherá incurva basi bicalcaratá termi-
natum. Ovarium inferum, triloculare. Ovula in loculorum angulo centrali
plurima, horizontalia, anatropa. Stylus filiformis; stigma globulare perfora-
tum. Capsula trilocularis, loculicido-trivalvis. Semina plurima, arillata.
—— Herbz nepalenses ; radice e tuberibus fasciculatis, caule erecto, folioso,
spicà subcapitatd bracteatá. Endlicher, Genera Plantarum, p. 223. no. 1625.

R. purpurea; spicâ brevi sessili intra foliorum vaginas inclusá, petalis exte-
rioribus lateralibus collateralibus labello obovato undulato integro sup-
positis pendulis. i

R. purpurea. Smith exot. Bot. 11. 97. t. 108. Linn. Trans. xin. 461.
Rees. Cyclop. Hooker exot. fl. t. 144. Rose. monand. pl. t. 86. Dietrich,
sp. pl. 1. 38. Royle Illustr. t. 89. f. 3.

This beautiful herbaceous plant has long been known,
and frequently introduced to our gardens from India, where
it inhabits the northern provinces; but it is rarely met with
in cultivation. According to Dr. Royle “the whole genus,
which is peculiar to the Himalayan Mountains, is that which
among the Ginger Tribe is found at the highest stations.
R. purpurea, now figured, the most common species 1n Nepal
and Kemaon, is extremely abundant at Simla and Mussooree,
and as far down as Jurreepannee. Roscoea elatior ìs found
at Dhunoulthee; and with the former also in Nepal and
Kemaon. Roscoea spicata, discovered on Sheopore and
Gossain Than, occurs in the same situations as Hedychium

* So named by Sir James Ed. Smith in honour of William Roscoe, Esg.
the reformer of the Scitamineous plants of Linnaeus, of which this genus
is one.

November, 1840. Y

spicatum ; but R. alpina is that which reaches the highest
elevation, as I have found it as high as 9000 feet on Tuen
Tibba, immediately after the accession of the rains, and on
places from where the snow has just melted, like the Snow-
drop in European countries in early spring; but it may be
found much higher, as on the Choor mountain, which like
the above is for more than six months covered with snow.” -

The latter species is very like that now figured, but is
smaller in all its parts, and has a distinctly two-lobed lip.
The very circumstance of its appearing in such cold places
in India would have justified the expectation that R. purpurea
also would prove more capable of bearing a low temperature
than is usually supposed ; and in fact it is by no means even
a greenhouse plant, but a fine half-hardy perennial, growing
about eighteen inches high, and flowering from the beginning
of August to October; and it would probably prove quite
hardy in the warmer parts of Ireland.

It may be increased freely by division of the roots or by
seeds ; the latter only requiring to be sown in a cold frame

any time during summer; the seedlings will flower freely the
second season.

The roots should be kept quite dry when in a dormant
state ; but like all Scitamineous plants they should have artl-
ficial heat and plenty of moisture to start them in the spring,
and during the earlier part of the growing season.

The plants from which the annexed figure was. made,
were raised in the garden of the Horticultural Society, from
seeds received from the Honourable Court of Directors of the
East India Company, through Dr. Royle, in May, 1839.

SY

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62

CATASETUM maculatum.
Spotted Feelerbloom.

GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.

Nat. ord. ORCHIDACEA, $ VANDER.
CATASETUM. Botanical Register, vol. 20. fol. 1667.

C. maculatum ; sepalis petalisque conniventibus, labello carnoso galeato basi
inflexo lateribus suis invicem imbricantibus.

a. labello basi ciltato.
C. maculatum. Bateman Orchid. of Mexico $ Guatemala, t. 11. an Kunthii ?

C. integerrimum. Hooker in Bot. Mag. t. 3823.
B. labello basi levi.

'This Catasetum is very nearly the same as the old C.
tridentatum, from which it differs in its helmet-shaped lip
having the lower edges brought together so as to press upon
the column, instead of being wide apart. Whether or not it
is the C. maculatum of Kunth I am unable to say. It pro-
bably is, it possibly is not. That plant was never seen by
the Botanist who described it, but it was taken, up from M. v.
Humboldt's notes. Those notes were made upon the living
plant as found at Turbaco, and are therefore less liable to
error than if they had been made up from a dried specimen.
Now Baron Humboldt says that in his plant the petals are
somewhat serrated, and the leaves only three inches long,
arising from the apex of the bulb; but here the petals are
not serrated, the leaves are nearer a foot in length, and they
arise from the sides, not apex, of the pseudo-bulb. Are these
differences unimportant? Serrated petals are not uncommon
in the order, but they have not yet been seen in Catasetum ;
in this plant the lip is sometimes serrated, sometimes perfectly
even at the edge; perhaps therefore the petals may be also
both serrated and entire in different individuals. It is pro-
bable that there is some mistake about the length of the
leaves, because no such size either has been or seems likely

to be seen in a genus like Catasetum. Whether the leaves
arise from near the apex or sides of the stem or pseudo-bulb
is certainly unimportant in this genus.

At all events the plant is certainly the C. maculatum of
Mr. Bateman, and the C. integerrimum (why integerrimum ?)
of Sir William Hooker.

According to Mr. Skinner this species grows in a mean
temperature of '75° to 80° Fahr.

If the cultivator of this species chooses to suspend it from
the roof of the stove instead of growing it in a pot, he should
be careful to surround its roots with some substance capable
of retaining moisture, as it requires to be kept in a very moist
state during the time in which the flowers are forming, and if
this is not attended to they will frequently wither without
opening. But the better way is to keep it in a pot, almost
dry until it has begun to grow, and even then water must be
given sparingly until the pseudo-bulbs begin to form, because
at this period too much water will certainly damage the young
shoots. In other respects as regards soil, temperature, pro-
pagation and general treatment, it must be managed in the
same way as C. tridentatum and other plants of this kind.

62

Ua hl 24 hy f Ridgway 75 9 Peel Nov. 1 PILI 9 Dandy 4

63

PERNETTYA angustifolia.

Narrow-leaved Pernettya.

DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. ord. ERICACE®, $ ARBUTEA.
PERNETTIA. Botanical Register, vol. 20. fol. 1675.

P. angustifolia; erecta ramosa, ramulis minutissime puberulis angulatis,
foliis lineari-lanceolatis mucronato-acuminatis remoté serratis glabris 1-
nerviis, pedicellis axillaribus solitariis unifloris folio dimidio brevioribus
glabriusculis nudis basi imá tantúm bracteolatis.

Fruticulus sempervirens, rigidus, erectus, ramosus, glaber. Folia quam
in P. phillyreifolia dupló minora et minis rigida ; Flores adhuc minores; et
pedicelli e dracteolis quibusdam erumpentes nec per dimidiam longitudinem et
ultra squamulis imbricati.

In the gardens this plant is called Pernettya phillyrei-
folia, a Peruvian species collected by Dombey. But upon
comparing it with authentic specimens of the latter, for which
I am indebted to the Administration of the Royal Museum of
Paris, it proves to be different in several respects. The leaves
are much smaller in all directions, and not so rigid; the
flowers too are smaller, and the pedicels are quite destitute of
scales upon their sides, unless at the very base ; in P. philly-
reifolia, on the contrary, the pedicels are clothed with small
scales nearly to the calyx, or at least as far as the middle.

Fig. 1. represents the calyx spread open so as to show the
10 hypogynous scales, which stand in pairs opposite the sepals;
fig. 2. is one of the stamens with the cloven 4-horned anther.

This species is said to be a native of Valdivia. It was
sent me by Mr. Cameron, the excellent manager of the Bir-
mingham Botanic Garden, and has also been communicated
by Messrs. Lowe and Co. of Clapton.

It is a very pretty little shrub, hardy, but like all the
others of the genus very subject to die during the hotter part

of the summer, particularly if exposed to the mid-day rays of
the sun.

The only way to keep fresh plants in good health for any
length of time is to grow them in pots, or in some place
amongst American plants in the peat-border. If they are
planted out the situation chosen should be where the rays of
the sun never fall directly upon them, but where they have
plenty of light and air, without being overhung much by
larger plants, or exposed to the extremes of wet and dry;
when planted out, the best precaution is to cover the surface
with bog moss during the summer, but this should be removed
again in the autumn. The plants must on no account be
watered during very dry weather, as it is almost sure to
destroy them. If kept in pots they should be placed in a
frame with the back to the south or east, never allowing the
sun’s rays to pass directly upon them during summer; keep-
ing the lights on during the day, and always taking them off
during the night. 5

. The seeds may be sown any time from March to August
in a close frame, but should never have any artificial heat after
the plants are potted off. If they are weakly they should be
kept close during winter under a bellglass, and should be
treated like cuttings of heaths. They should be potted in
brown peaty soil with very little sand in it.

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64

DELPHINIUM decorum.
Pretty Larkspur.

- Jd

POLYANDRIA TRI-PENTAGYNIA.
DELPHINIUM. Botanica! Register, vol. 14. fol. 1192.

Sect. DELPHINASTRUM. Coh. Grumosa; petalorum laminá dilatatá bifida ;
petiolis basi vix dilatatis; radice tuberoso-grumosá. Huc D. Menziesii,
elegans, tricorne, Fischer § Meyer, Index tertius seminum, p. 33.

D. decorum; pubescens, subglabrum, foliis tripartitis : segmentis lateralibus
bifidis indivisisve, lobis oblongis tridentatis v. integerrimis, floralibus
bracteisque suboblongis (plerumque) integris, calcare curvulo sepalorum
longitudine, carpellis 3 divaricatis. Fisch. $ Mey. l. c.

A pretty hardy perennial, raised by Mr. Cameron in the
Botanical Garden, Birmingham, and communicated by him
in June last. It is a native of New California, near the
Russian settlement at Port Bodega, whence seeds were re-
ceived by Dr. Fischer, the director of the Botanical Garden,
St. Petersburgh, and by him communicated to the rest of
Europe.

In the third Index of seeds gathered in the Botanic Gar-
den of St. Petersburgh the species is first mentioned, as being
nearest in affinity to D. Menziesii and D. elegans, but clearly
distinguished by the leaves. ‘The flowers were described as
being showy, at first bluish violet, but afterwards violet
purple.

In the specimens sent from Birmingham the leaves were
uniformly three-lobed, with the intermediate division ovate
or oblong, acute and undivided, while the lateral divisions,
placed at right angles to it, were often two-lobed, and some-
times divided into several secondary segments in the posterior

lobe.

I am not aware that this requires any peculiar treatment,
otherwise than that which is given to other perennial Lark-
spurs.

LEGO

LL fae tae
2 #0 5341

f
|
. 0 T

Lr foe cle

65

STATICE pectinata.
Comb-flowered Sea Lavender.

PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. ord. PLUMBAGINACEX.
STATICE. Botanical Register, vol. 17. fol. 1450.

$. Caule ascendente folioso.

S. pectinata; caule ascendente folioso triquetro foliisque obovatis longè
petiolatis setaceo-apiculatis lepidotis, paniculæ ramis omnibus fertilibus,
spiculis densissimis distantibus compressis secundis, corollis calyce
parúm longioribus.

S. pectinata. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed.1. 1. 385. Hornemann, hort. hafn. suppl.
p: 37.

Caulis debilis, ascendens, ramosus, ad articulos densè foliatus. Folia
obovata, apice rotundata, mucrone setaceo apiculata, in petiolum angustum
attenuata, squamulis pallidis presertim cis apicem lepidota. Flores parvi,
pallidè violacei.

This rare species was originally found by Masson in the
Canaries, and by him introduced into the Royal Botanic
Garden, Kew, in the year 1780. One of his wild specimens
given to the late Mr. James Donn of Cambridge is now before
me. It was afterwards gathered in the same islands by the
ill-fated Christian Smith, and from his seeds raised in the
Botanic Garden, Copenhagen. For the third time it was
found by Messrs. Webb and Barthellot in Teneriffe, and from
a plant raised from their seeds the figure now, for the first
time given, was made in 1832, specimens having at that time
been sent me by Mr. Young of the Milford Nursery.

It forms one of the caulescent division of this difficult
genus, and is readily recognized by its nearly triangular stem,
with long-stalked obovate leaves always tipped with a conspi-
cuous weak bristle.

It is a pretty, half-hardy or greenhouse perennial ; but,
like many of the other species it flowers so very freely that

November, 1840. z

the plants generally become exhausted, and are only of two
or three years duration.

It grows from one to three feet high, and flowers most part
of summer if planted out in the flower borders, but it will
not withstand the winter, and therefore should be raised from
seeds every other year, which, as it produces them freely, is
by far the best way to obtain strong healthy plants.

The seeds should be sown about March or April, and
treated like those of other half-hardy perennials, potting them
off when large enough. As they are subject to damp during
winter, more especially if watered over head, it is necessary
to cover the surface of the pots with silver sand, and to place
them in a dry airy place secure from frost.

I may take this opportunity of stating that the Eurychiton
adensis of Graham’s catalogue of Bombay plants, last page,
a plant collected at Aden by Dr. Heddle, is a species of
Statice, as I have ascertained from a specimen kindly com-
municated by Mr. Nimmo.

CG RF, ^n / e. LA F

/W į f
y Y) ey, n / D “Ly
LII KI PITA EL F a lif ^

, a 7 e Hm GNE VAR (
LAY vy if JENNA oy MS Coty J OY

72] ú
ie ^y F) / f > ) / CA z i
A AOAC IM Ub JG LU M SAL ZO

66

ODONTOGLOSSUM Bictoniense.

The Bicton Tooth-tongue.

GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.

Nat. ord. ORCHIDACEA, $. VANDEX,
ODONTOGLOSSUM. Botanical Register, vol. 1839. fol. 48.

O. Bictoniense; pseudobulbis oblongis compressis 2-3-phyllis, foliis ensifor-
mibus undulatis patentibus seapo racemoso dupló brevioribus, braeteis
herbaceis lanceolatis acuminatis ovario duplo brevioribus, sepalis peta»
lisque subeegualibus lineari-lanceolatis maculatis, labelli ungue bilamel-
lato lamina cordatá acuminatâ undulata, columne alis integris.

a. labello roseo.

O. Bictoniense. Sertum Orchidaceum sub. t. 25.

Cyrtochilum Bictoniense. Bateman, Orch. Mexic. § Guatemala, t. 6.

B. labello subalbido.

Zygopetalum africanum. Hooker in Bot. Mag. t. 3812.

A native of Guatemala, whence it was sent to Mr. Bate-
man by his correspondent Mr. Skinner. Having however
been also communicated at the same time to Lord Rolle and
Sir Charles Lemon, it first flowered at Bicton, whence the
beautiful specimen figured in Mr. Bateman's work, t. 6, was
sent. That now represented was given me by Mr. Bateman
in April, 1837.

It has already been observed, in the Miscellaneous notices
of this work, No. 139, for the present year, that the Zygo-
petalum africanum, sent to Sir W. Hooker from Mr. F orbes
of Woburn, as a Sierra Leone plant, collected by Mr. Whit-
field, is no other than a pale variety of this species. Upon
turning to Mr. Bateman's work I see that he speaks of a
variety * with a pure white lip, and pale green sepals and
petals faintly blotched with a darker colour :” and it is pro-
bable that the Woburn plant belongs to that very variety.
Most assuredly it never came from Sierra Leone. Those
who have charge of imported plants ought to be very careful

that they make no mistakes regarding so very important a
subject.

With regard to the genus Zygopetalum itself, it is distinctly
separated from Odontoglossum by the crest of its lip being
solid and transverse, by its column having no ears, and by its
sepals and petals being directed upwards above the level of
the centre of the flower.

Those who cultivate the thin leaved species of Oncidium,
such as O. altissimum, will find the same treatment appli-
cable tothis plant. It will grow very well in a pot, but better
if hung up; if treated in the former way it should be planted
upon the top of the soil, and its roots allowed to scramble
over the surface of the pot. In either case its roots and
leaves must be well watered and syringed during the growing
season, and must never at any time be kept so dry as Cata-
setums and plants of that description.

G

we
NS Y

67

GERANIUM rubifolium.

Bramble-leaved Geranium.

DECANDRIA PENTAGYNIA.

Nat. Ord. GERANIACER.
GERANIUM. Supra vol. 3. fol. 263.

G. rubifolium ; perenne, erectum, pilosum, caule tereti, foliis cordatis oppo-
sitis 3-lobis laciniis ovatis grossé serratis, stipulis triangularibus distinc-
tis, pedunculis terminalibus bifloris, petalis emarginatis calyce multd
longioribus, staminibus liberis stigmatibus parüm brevioribus.

The erect habit of this plant and its large flowers distin-
guish it from G. nepalense ; its distinct stipules and con-
stantly 3-lobed leaves from G. Wallichianum. In a general
classification of the genus it will be arranged in the neigh-
bourhood of G. nodosum, than which however it is a much
handsomer plant, with differently formed leaves.

It is a neat hardy perennial, by no means so robust a
grower as many of the other hardy geraniums, scarcely ex-
ceeding a foot in height.

It should be planted in light soil, or on rock work, as it
is soon destroyed by the wet in winter.

It flowers in July and August, and may be increased by

dividing the roots when in a dormant state, or by seeds whic
are produced freely, but the seedlings will not flower before

the second season.
It was raised in the garden of the Horticultural Society,
from Himalayan seeds presented by Dr. Royle in May 1839.

December, 1840.

68

ANGRACUM gladiifolium.

Sword-leaved Angrec.

GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.

Nat. ord. ORCHIDACER, $ VANDEZ.
ANGRAECUM. Botanical Register, vol. 18. fol. 1522.

A, gladüfolium ; caulescens, foliis distantibus lanceolatis acutis, pedunculis
axillaribus unifloris, floris patuli phyllis omnibus ovato-lanceolatis
acutis, calcare gracili pendulo pedunculo subzequali.

Orchis Mauritiana. Poir. dict. 4. 601. sec. Ach. Rich.

Aerobion gladiifolium. Spreng. syst.

Angreecum gladiifolium. Thouars orch. afr. t. 53. Ach. Rich. orch. maurit. p.
69. Lindi. Genera and Species of Orchidaceous plants, no. 5.

A native of the islands of Bourbon, Madagascar, and the
Mauritius, where it seems to have been first met with by
Commerson. It was afterwards collected by Du Petit Thouars
and others, flowering in the month of February. Like the
greater part of the genus it is a plant of little beauty. For
the opportunity of making a drawing of it I am indebted to
Messrs. Loddiges. ' ]

The figures 1 and 2 represent the pollen-masses, which
adhere each to a separate oblong gland, in which respect
this species differs essentially from A. eburneum. It will,
however, be found that the greater number of Angrecs possess
two glands, either quite separate, or touching each other so
as to form a slight adhesion. To determine the real value of
this character requires a complete revision both of this and of
the neighbouring genera, particularly of CEceoclades, some of
the plants referred to which are certainly true Angrecs, as

for example QE. funalis and Retz.
Among the minute species of Angrec are many still

unknown to systematic Botanists. The following specific dis-
tinctions of a few will serve to fill a vacant page.

ANGRECUM tenue; aphyllum, acaule, radicibus longissimis intricatis, spicis
tenuibus filiformibus erectis simplicibus, sepalis petalisque acuminatis
apice reflexis, labello ovato acuto calcare erecto oblongo carinato.—
A multitude of very long entangled roots, without leaves, form the prin-
cipal part of this plant, which seems wholly destitute of leaves. The
spikes are clustered, and are from two to four inches high. The flowers

are the smallest in the genus.——On trees near Pará, Martius. (herb.
reg. monac.)

AnGRacum Fasciola ; aphyllum, acaule, radicibus longissimis flexuosis,
spicis erectis multifloris distichis distantibus, sepalis petalisque linea-
ribus acutis, labello membranaceo petalis adnato ! apice brevi triangu-
lari, calcare pendulo obtuso inflato levi. A small leafless plant, with
the habit of 4. tenue, only the flowers are much larger, although very
small, and distinctly distichous. It answers to the short character we
possess of Limodorum Fasciola, a plant 1 have never seen ; but as the
latter is a native of the Society Islands it is probably distinct.
Demerara, Schomburgk (herb. propr.)

ANGRARCUM ornithorhynchum ;foliis acicularibus, spicis oppositifoliis brevibus
paucifloris (5-6), sepalis petalisque lineari-lanceolatis acutis, labello
ovato apice triangulari subcarnoso, antheree apice elongato obtuso mem-
branaceo, calcare tereti ascendente ovario longiore. Resembling A.
subulatum in habit, but quite different in its flowers. Saint Catha-
rines in South Brazil, Tweedie (herb. Hooker).

ANGRAECUM polystachyum; caulibus ramosis, foliis distichis ovalibus coria-
ceis obliqué bidentatis, spicis oppositifolis flexuosis multifloris foliis
pauld longioribus, bracteis orbiculatis ciliatis, sepalis basi et apice cilia-
tis, labello subrotundo cuspidato calcare vesiciformi. A ceespitose
plant, throwing out long roots from the lower part of its stem, whose
branches are only two or three inches long. A spike of very minute

flowers proceeds from opposite every leaf.—— Peru, Mathews, 1905.
(herb. Hooker). 7

ANGRAECUM brevifolium; folis coriaceis lineari-oblongis obtusis obliqué
emarginatis, spicis oppositifoliis brevissimis, sepalis petalisque obtusis,
labello obsoletê trilobo obtuso, calcare clavato ovario longiore.—— Stems
long, rooting, with a few leaves at their extremity. Flowers exceedingly

smaÌl.—— Brazil, where it was found by the Prince Maximilian of Wied
Newwied. (herb. reg. monac.)

=

AA gone

dw yl

—

69

HIBISCUS Wraye.
Mrs. Wray’s Hibiscus.

— A —— —

MONADELPHIA POLYANDRIA.

Nat. ord. MALVACERX.
HIBISCUS. Botanical Register, vol. 1. fol. 29.

$ Azanza, DC. Capsule loculi polyspermi. Semina glabra. Involucellum
monophyllum multidentatum. Caules fruticosi, arborescentes.

H. Wraye; caule fruticoso tomentoso, foliis palmatis cordatis tomentosis :
lobis obovatis pinnatifidis laciniis rotundatis subcrenatis, pedunculis
axillaribus bifloris foliis longioribus, involucello 15-dentato, stigmatis
laciniis linearibus revolutis. Bot. Reg. 1840. misc. 149.

Staminum tubus edentulus. Ovarium 5-loculare; loculis polyspermis,
phragmate verticali nullo ; ovulis angulo centrali afixis. Petala lilacina, aci-
naciformia, valdé obliqua, apiculata ; latere altero rectiusculo, altero dilatato
rotundato.

E

The first knowledge I had of this plant in a living state
was from specimens obligingly sent from Cheltenham by Mrs.
Wray, of Oakfield, a lady who has been singularly successfu
in raising rare and beautiful plants, and after whom this
species has been named. It subsequently flowered abun-
dantly in the Garden of the Horticultural Society, having
been obtained from Swan River seeds, collected by Mr.
Drummond.

It is a greenhouse shrub of very easy cultivation, grows

luxuriantly in any common soil, and attains the height of
8 or 10 feet in one season, if planted in the border of the

conservatory.
The plant in the Garden of the Horticultural Society has

been in flower for two months, and will continue to produce
a succession of bloom throughout the winter and spring.

It is easily propagated by either cuttings or layers.

That this belongs to the section of the genus Hibiscus
called Azanza by M. DeCandolle is evident, if its short toothed
involucre and shrubby habit are considered. But Azanza is
referred by both Endlicher and the authors of the Flora Sene-
gambie to Paritium, a genus founded upon the Hibiscus tilia-
ceus of Linnzus, and having for its principal character a spu-
rious vertical dissepiment in the middle of each cell of the
fruit. As I have not examined the species of Hibiscus in-
cluded under Azanza in DeCandolle's Prodromus, I am
unable to say how far they correspond in this important cir-
cumstance ; but it is quite clear from the shewing of the
authors of the Flora Senegambix that their new sorts of
Paritium are destitute of the essential character of that genus,
and consequently are merely species of Hibiscus; and most
assuredly that now figured, although a genuine Azanza, is
equally destitute of the character of Paritium. So that
Azanza must still be retained as a section of Hibiscus, not-
withstanding the establishment of the genus Paritium.

S X venu se

70

FUCHSIA corymbiflora.
Cluster-flowered Fuchsia.

OCTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. ord. ONAGRACER.
FUCHSIA. Botanica! Register, vol. 15. fol. 1269.

F. corymbiffora; folis oppositis ternisque petiolatis oblongis integerrimis
tomentosis viridibus rugosis, corymbis terminalibus pendulis multifioris,
calycis tubo longissimo infundibulari laciniis reflexis, petalis liberis pa-
tulis acutis staminum longitudine.

F. corymbiflora. FI. Peruv. v. 3. p. 87. t. 325. f.a. DeCand. Prodr. 3. 39.

Mr. Standish, Nurseryman, Bagshot, who raised the
Standish’s Fuchsia, figured at plate 2 of the present volume,
has had the singular good fortune to introduce this noble
plant. He states that he received the seed from some rela-
tions at Montreal in Canada, who informed him that it was
given them by a friend of theirs who had just come from
Cusco in Peru, and who had been there for the purpose of
trading, principally in saddles. It is uncertain whether this
person collected the seed himself, or whether he saw it

growing in some garden.

In the Flora Peruviana the present species is spoken of as
acquiring the height of a man, with a stem but little inclined
to branch. It was found in the woods of Chinchao and
Muna, places to the north-east of Lima, in shady situations.

It is in this part of the world that the race of Fuchsias
attains its greatest beauty, and developes those colours and
forms which have gained for it among the Peruvians the name
of Beauty-bush (Molle Ccantu.) Besides the subject of the
present notice, several others of even finer appearance are
mentioned by the authors of the Flora Peruviana, and remain
among the greatest desiderata of Horticulture. F. serrati-
folia is a bush with pink flowers an inch and half long, grow-

ing in the manner of F. macrostema and its varieties. F.
denticulata is described as twelve feet high, gorgeously beau-
tiful when loaded with its purple flowers, still larger than
those of F. corymbiflora; while F. simplicicaulis and apetala
are similar in appearance but yet more striking.

The lover of plants will be glad to learn that this noble spe-
cies is very easily managed. It strikes readily from cuttings,
and the soil which suits it is a mixture of loam, peat, and
sand. Though very pretty if grown in a pot, there is no
doubt that it will form a much more beautiful object if sta-
tioned in the border of the conservatory. When more com-
mon, of course it will be used to plant out in the beds of the
flower-garden in the same way as Fuchsia fulgens, and will
probably be found to be more hardy.

/4

Hass 2) une oan

71

PUYA heterophylla.
Various-leaved Puya.

-— —"m——— ——

HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. ord. BROMELIACEX.
PUYA. Botanical Register, 1840. fol. 11.

A. heterophylla ; bulbosa, foliis primordialibus basi coriaceis concavis dila-
tatis sursúm subulatis corneis spinosis serratis; secundariis teneris lan-
ceolatis inermibus multô longioribus parcissimê pruinosis, spicâ sim-
plici sessili imbricata foliis multó breviore, bracteis lanatis calycibus
brevioribus.

Sepala lineari-lanceolata, cornea, acuminata, carinata, sublanata, petalis
breviora. Petala carnea, ligulata, convoluta, basi squamá duplici serratá in-
structa. Stamina 6, basi perianthii inserta; antheris linearibus. Ovarium.
basi immersum, maxima pro parte liberum, triangulare, pyramidatum, 3-locu-
lare, polyspermum ; stylo filiformi ; stigmatibus convolutis.

—

A very pretty plant, evidently belonging to the genus
Puya, and most remarkable for bearing two kinds of leaves.
Those at the base of the plant arise from tough, concave,
broad, horny petioles, which overlie each other, forming a
kind of bulb, and are extended into narrow, hard, serrated,
spiny, brown processes about two inches long. The leaves,
on the other hand, which are last formed, are thin, lanceolate,
bright green, and more than eighteen inches long when full
grown, and bear no resemblance to the first. The flowers are
arranged in a close, oblong spike, composed of imbricated
woolly cartilaginous pale green bracts, veg Steg the centre
of a bulb of spiny leaves in the place of the thin leaves before

mentioned.

I am indebted for my knowledge of it to John Rogers, Esq.
Jun. of Sevenoaks, with whom it flowered in May 1840, and
who has given me the following memorandum concerning its
history and habits.

December, 1840. 2B

** [ received the plant from Mr. Parkinson from Mexico,
in 1838, and stuck it into a pot loosely filled with Tillandsia,
in which this plant and the Epiphytes which accompanied it
had been packed. It flourished so well in its temporary
abode, the roots clothing the inside of the pot, that I never
disturbed or planted it otherwise ; and this summer it flowered
for the first time. When growing it has received abundance
of water; indeed I believe it stood in a pan always full.
When the leaves began to turn yellow, it was set on the floor
of the house and kept dry and cool for two months or more
till it showed flower. It has been grown close to the light,
in a stove of moderate temperature, not very damp.

“Its spiny processes are excessively sharp and brittle, ren-
dering it almost dangerous to touch the plant; and the leaves
when full grown are eighteen inches to two feet long, and

flexible, hanging about more loosely than those of most similar
plants."

ani

A ER

MISCELLANEOUS NOTICES.

xx.

DEATH OF MR. ALLAN CUNNINGHAM.

Ir is my sad duty to commence the present year by an-
nouncing the death of this distinguished individual, the par-
ticulars of which are given as follows in the Atheneu
Journal of the 14th of December, 1839 :— E

“ Letters from Australia announce the death of Mr. Allan
Cunningham, on the 27th of June last. ** His health," says
Capt. Kjng, R.N., in a letter to the Secretary of the Geogra-
phieal Society, ** received a severe shock in New Zealand, and
ever since he has been rapidly declining. Two hours before his
death, —having been inaudible all day, —I told him that the
Governor had received a letter from Sir Gordon Bremer, giv-
ing a favourable report of the new colony at Port Essington,
when in a moment his eye glistened, and in a rapid and audible
voice he said, * Well, did they go inland?’ 1 told him ‘not
far” He then fell off again, and scarcely said any thing
more. He died calmly and without a sigh.” [We are in-
debted to a correspondent for the following particulars. ]

“ Mr. Cunningham was in the 48th year of his age, having
passed twenty-five years in active scientific researches in Brazil,
and in New Holland and the neighbouring islands. In 1814,
Mr. Cunningham received the appointment of Botanical Col-
lector to the Royal Gardens at Kew, left England in company
with Mr. Bowie for Rio, having, through the influence of the
late Sir Joseph Banks, obtained permission from the Portu-
guese government to travel into the interior. The travellers
reached as far as St. Paul's, where they remained some time,
and made many valuable collections, which were transmitted
to the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew. After a residence of
two years in Brazil, Mr. Cunningham parted from his com-
panion (who went to the Cape of Good Hope) and embarked
on board a vessel for Sydney, where he arrived in 1817. He
Shortly after joined Mr. Oxley, the surveyor-general, on his

A.—January, 1840. a

2

expedition down the Lachlan river, and on his return he ac-
companied Captain Philip Parker King in his four voyages
of survey on the north and north-western coasts of New Hol-
land. In these voyages he made some interesting collections.
Mr. Cunningham afterwards visited New Zealand, Van Die-
men's Land, and Norfolk Island, and also took several jour-
nies through the Liverpool Plain district and the Moreton
Bay country, the whole of which were equally fruitful in a
botanical as well as in a geographical point of view, Mr. Cun-
ningham being the original discoverer of the pass into the
Liverpool Plains, and also connecting the Moreton Bay coun-
try with the colony of Sydney.

** In 1830 Mr. Cunningham returned to England after
an absence of seventeen years, and on the unfortunate death
of his brother Mr. R. Cunningham, who was killed by the
natives while with Major Sir T. L. Mitchell’s expedition to

the Darling River, he accepted the appointment of Colonial .

Botanist, which his brother had held, and returned to Aus-
tralia in 1837. The situation not affording him those oppor-
tunities of research that he had anticipated, he resigned it at
the end of the year, and in May, 1838, embarked for New
Zealand, where he remained till October, when he returned
to Sydney in a very debilitated state of health, from his con-
stant exposure to the rains of that climate during the winter
season. From that time his constitution continued gradually
to break up, till death relieved him of his sufferings.”

_ In this gentleman both Geography and Botany have sus-
tained a real loss; for he was an intelligent and most indus-
trious traveller, and an excellent practical Botanist. How
little he regarded posthumous fame is seen by the fewness of
his published works, a brief sketch of the Flora of New
Zealand being the only systematical account of his Botanical
discoveries printed during his life; how much he has done to
merit the grateful remembrance of
all his scientific friends.
regret with him that the

made by him in the earlier part of his career should never

have been either published or distributed among Botanists,
but he had no control over their disposal, which rested with
other persons. Of the Australian collections however, which

were his private property, the use was most liberal, and many
are the herbaria, the richest part of whose New Holland

s

It was always a subject of extreme
large collection of Brazilian plants

Ea ot

posterity is well known to.

rff in ea

"S

m:

À

3

plants is derived from his generous assistance. In fact, the
vegetation of the northern and eastern parts of this great
country would have been almost as much unknown now, as it
was in 1810, had it not been for Mr. Cunningham. The Aus-
tralian Composite for example, could not have been usefully
examined by M. DeCandolle in his laborious revision of that
most difficult order, if the whole collection of those plants,
found by my lamented friend, hag not been sent to Geneva.
Well might he be dissatisfied at the duties of Colonial Dota-
nist at Sydney, alluded to in the foregoing extract from the
Athenzum, when he found that, owing to the ruthless par-
simony of the authorities, he was not only deprived of all
means of prosecuting his researches into the Botany of the
Colony, but, instead of being treated as a man of science,
was placed, by the nature of his duties, upon the footing of a
turnkey. If the evidence I possess upon this subject were
made publie, it would excite feelings of astonishment and
disgust.

AWARD OF A COPLEY MEDAL TO DR. BROWN.

At the last anniversary of the Royal Society a Copley
Medal was presented to Dr. Robert Brown for his original
and important discoveries in vegetable anatomy and physio-
logy; and thus has something like justice at last been done
to the character of one of the most learned naturalists, and
certainly the most profound botanist of our age. It must be
no little gratification to the friends of science that this should
have been one of the early results of a reformation in the
management of the Royal Society, under the enlightened ad-
ministration of the Marquess of Northampton.

'The following is the official declaration of the discoveries
for which the medal has been awarded: viz. ** The organiza-
tion of the vegetable ovule, immediately before fecundation
(published in 1826); and the direct action of the pollen,
manifested by the contact established between it and that
point of the ovulum where the embryo subsequently first be-
comes visible, and published in papers, in the years 1832 and
1833, and communicated to the Linnean Society."

4

Dr. Ph. Fr. de Siebold Flora Japonica. Sectio prima, planta ornatui vel usui
inservientes. Digessit Dr. J. G. Zuccarini, Fasc. I.-VIII. 1835-1839. 4to.

Of this beautiful work eight parts only have appeared in
four years, from which it is to be inferred that the encourage-
ment it meets with from the public is not of a very substan-
tial nature. I may therefore be permitted to state somewhat
at length what manner of book this is, the subscribers to
which are so few, that it can hardly draw its slow length
along. ,

In all respects it is an ouvrage de luxe, printed in large
4to. in Latin and French, on fine paper, with a bold hand-
some type, and broad margin, and illustrated with coloured
plates of plants, remarkable either for their use or beauty.
The figures are drawn by artists of taste and skill, are beau-
tifully engraved on stone, and are coloured in a manner that
leaves nothing to desire as works of art; they are accom-
panied in all cases by elaborate dissections of the parts of
fructification, which renders them of great value as works of
science. The title-page is richly embellished with a view of
the tomb, erected in the island of Dezima, to the memory of
Kempfer and Thunberg, and the dedication to the Grand
Duchess of Russia is enriched with graceful arabesque tracery.
It is therefore obvious that no care or cost have been with-
held from the work by the publishers.

The editorial part, by Professor Zuccarini of Munich, is
performed in a manner worthy of the state of modern science.
In addition to the information as to synonymes, $c. usually
found in works of systematical botany, there is an elaborate
technical description in Latin of each species, and an account
in French of its habits and uses, together with such scientific
discussion as the subject calls for. The best illustration that
can be given of this is by way of extract, for which purpose
I give the account of the Siz Noki or Quercus cuspidata, a
kind of oak with eatable acorns.

* The St Noki is found in all the islands of Japan; it
grows in thickets mixed with other kinds of Oaks, Chesnuts,
Laurels, Wild Camellias, Viburnums, and Ilex, especially about
cottages and solitary farm-houses, on the hills and mountains,
as higH as a thousand feet above the level of the sea. In gar-
dens it serves as an ornament, and its fruits, which taste like
chesnuts, are eaten raw, or roasted, and are also employed as
a remedy in dropsical cases. The wood is fine grained, hard,

y

hl

dv. Mes

5

of a yellowish grey-colour, and is worked up into utensils,
agricultural instruments, gun-stocks, &c. The tree bears
clipping very well, on which account it is very commonly
found round places of worship, and in gardens, where it is cut
into the form of pyramids, globes, &c. In pleasure-gardens
large plantations of it are sometimes found, in which the old
French style of gardening is imitated. The trunk is usually
30 or 40 feet high, and from 10 to 18 inches in diameter.

"The leaves are alternate, stalked, oval, or oblong, acuminate,

entire or slightly serrated, evergreen, coriaceous, smooth and
green above, brownish beneath. 'The long slender catkins of
the male and female flowers are collected into panicles at the
summit ofthe branches. The fruits grow 15 or 20 together,
in short straight spikes, and do not ripen till the autumn of
the second year, that is to say, eighteen months after the ap-
pearance of the flowers ; the acorns are completely covered 1n
the cup, which eventually bursts irregularly into two or three
lobes. They germinate immediately after being sown, and
soon come up; nevertheless the growers prefer and carefully
seek for the young suckers which spring of themselves in plan-
tations, and they use them as stocks on which they graft what
is considered the best variety. I succeeded in 1830 in con-
veying this and several other oaks to Europe. The Japanese
manage to preserve a large sort of chesnut, as far as midsum-
mer, by enveloping it m a kind of ferruginous loam; and
this gave me the idea of sending this kind of oak to Holland,
in cases filled with such earth, well pressed down. They
reached their destination in excellent order, as did seeds of
the Tea plant, sent in the same way to Batavia in 1825-6,
which were the origin of thousands of plants, now forming
vast plantations in Java. In the same way Mr. Burger has
been able to enrich the Botanical Gardens of Leyden with
the young oaks and Camellias of Japan. These Japan oaks.
namely, Q. cuspidata, glabra, and serrata, sustained in the
open ground, the winter of 1833-4 without injury.”
In this style have now been illustrated forty plants, among
which are the following :—
The Illicium religiosum, or Skimi of the Japanese, with
which this people ornament their temples. *
Forsythia suspensa, a beautiful yellow-flowered deciduous
shrub, related to the Lilac.
Anemone cernua and japonica, two charming species, of

6

which the first resembles our wild Pasque flowers, and the
other looks like a Dahlia.

Of Deutzia three species.

Rhododendron Metternichi, an alpine species, from the
north of Japan, resembling the R. maximum, but with purple
flowers.

Pawlownia imperialis, a tree like a Catalpa, with large
panicles of trumpet-shaped purple flowers; it is called Kiri
in Japan, and is one of the most magnificent plants of the
country.

Lilium cordifolium,.a curious plant, allied to Wallich’s
L. giganteum.

Prunus Mume, a yellow-fruited Plum, used only for pic-
kles, like our Cucumbers, and producing many hundred varie-
ties; also employed by the J apanese for dwarfing ; upon which
subject is the following curious statement. “ The Japanese
have an incredible fondness for dwarf trees, and with reference
to this the cultivation of the Mume is one of the most general
and lucrative employments of the country. Such plants are
increased by inarching, and by this means specimens are ob-
tamed which have the peculiar habit of the Weeping Willow.
A nurseryman offered me for sale, in the year 1826, a plant
in flower, which was scarcely three inches high; this chef
d'wuvre of gardening was grown in a little lacquered box of
three tiers, similar to those filled with drugs, which the Ja-
panese carry in their belts. In the upper tier was this Mume,
in the second row a little Spruce fir, and in the lowest a
Bamboo, scarcely an inch and a half high.”

Benthamia Japonica, a new species, smaller in all its parts
than the old species, and inhabiting the highest mountains
of Japan.

_ Stachyurus precoz, a shrub referred by Professor Zucca-
rini to Pittosporacez, cultivated by the Japanese for its copious
and beautiful early tails of whitish flowers,

Corylopsis spicata and pauciflora, hazel-like bushes, be-
longing to Hamamelaces,

oyma rutecarpa, a powerful stimulant purgative and
sudorific medicine,
Aralia edulis, a species with roots having an agreeable
aromatic and bitter taste, eaten in the winter like Scorzonera.
Schizophragma and Platycrater, two new genera, related
to Hydrangea, and with the same habit as that genus.

Ww

SY

z

——

7

Diervilla hortensis, grandiflora, floribunda, and versicolor,
four most beautiful shrubs, with trumpet-shaped rose-coloured
or white flowers, and the habit of upright Honeysuckles.

Abelia serrata, a white-flowered bush, belonging to the
same natural order as the last.

Viburnum plicatum and tomentosum, two plants resembling
our common Gueldres Rose. `

The last plant as yet figured is the Trochodendron arali-
oides, an evergreen shrub, from damp shady places in the
south of Japan, where it is called Jama-Kuruma, or Moun-
tain-wheel, because of the verticillate arrangement of its leaves
and numerous stamens; it appears to be similar in habit to
our trée Ivy.

1. HOYÀ coriacea. Botanical Register, 1839. t. 18.

I find that this very rare plant is the Cyrtoceras reflexum
of Horsfield's Plante Javaniez, p. 90. t. 21. Mr. Bennett, the
learned author of the genus, and of the greater part of the work
in which it appears, distinguishes it from Hoya by **the great
comparative elongation of the whole of its sexual apparatus,
which in Hoya is as remarkably depressed. ‘The inner angle
of the foliola of the corona staminea, which in Hoya forms a
mere tooth incumbent on the anthera, is produced in Cyrto-
ceras into an erect lanceolate process, twice as long as the an-
thera, and equal in length to the external horn, at the base
of the foliola." It appears that mutilated specimens, ** appa-
rently of the same species, or-at least of a very nearly related
plant, exist among the collections of Father Camel, in the
Sloanean Herbarium, (vol. 231.) in the British Museum.
These were gathered in the island of Luçon.” ‘ From Dr.
Horsfield’s notes we learn that the Javanese name of the
plant is Kappal, and that it grows in various localities in the
eastern parts of Java, at no great distance from the sea-
shore.” It must not be confounded with the Kapal Kapal
of the Philippines, which, according to Father Blanco, is the
Asclepias or Calotropis gigantea ; and at all events is an entirely
different plant of the same natural order.

Messrs. Loddiges find the plant so difficult to multiply,
that they have not yet succeeded in obtaining a duplicate.

8

In consequence of the great number of Botanical periodi-
cals now publishing, in all of which there is some, and in
some of which there is a considerable amount of original
matter, it is my intention to incorporate in the Miscellaneous
portion of this work, every thing which I can find of real or
supposed novelty, so that a reference to these pages may be in
fact a reference to all the current Garden Botany. In the
prosecution of this task I commence with the plants now im-
mediately following—in which the plants not actually in-
spected by myself are indicated by the sign $.

Y 2. LISSANTHE stellata; caule minute pubescenti, foliis sparsis oblongis
breviter petiolatis glaucis mucronatis, floribus albis axillaribus solitariis
breviter pedunculatis unibracteatis, limbo 9-partito apice fusco. Floral
Cabinet, III. p. 79.

A native of New Holland. A small shrub, with glaucous
leaves, and small white flowers.

«| 3. PASSIFLORA hispidula ; foliis membranaceis hispidulis trilobatis cili-
atis basi cordato-sinuatis subdentatis apiculatis: lobis subeegualibus ob-
tusis apiculatis, petiolis hispidis infra medium biglandulosis, pedicellis
geminis brevissimis 2-3-bracteatis, ovario elliptico glabro. Floral Cabi-
net, III. 126.

Mexico? (country not stated). Flowers small, but **ex-

ceedingly pretty," yellowish white, with purple rays.

4. ERIA planicaulis (Wallich) ; caule compresso folioso erecto, foliis coria-
ceis aveniis obtusis emarginatisque, floribus glabris intra bracteas siccas
striatas subsessilibus, labello reniformi supra unguem bicalloso, petalis

linearibus sepalis ovatis acutis multd angustioribus.

Upon this plant Mr. Booth has favoured me with the fol-
lowing communication :—

** This singular species was forwarded by Dr. Wallich from
the Honourable East India Company’s Botanic Garden, Cal-
cutta, in 1838, and added to Sir Charles Lemon’s collection
at Carclew, where it flowered during the autumn of 1839. It
has nothing to recommend it to the notice of cultivators, but
to the Botanist it is a highly curious and interesting, subject.
It requires the constant heat of the stove, and seems to thrive
pretty well in a pot of finely chopped moss and decomposed.
vegetable earth.

“ Stem erect, fleshy and compressed, of a deep yellowish

green, widening from the root upwards, where it forms a kind -

of flat pseudo-bulb, partly covered by the sheathin appendage
to the leaves, and, at the base, by the itabribstid, sheathing,

A SS MR mms

E A

"a

9

ovate-acuminate, deep brown, persistent scales. Leaves three
or four near the top, distichous, alternate, nearly erect, of a
deep shining green, ovate oblong with a round emarginate
point, comparatively thin and rigid, varying from three to five
inches long, and about an inch broad, twisted near the base.
Flowers very small and numerous, cream-coloured, produced
in a recurved massy cluster at the extremity of the stem,
nearly concentrated by the brown scales and bracteas in which
they are enveloped. Pedicells short and round, pale green,
slightly channelled, bearing two flowers on each. Sepals very
thin, ovate-acuminate, nearly all of the same form and size,
but the two lateral ones are more oblique and surround the
spur-looking end of the labellum, whilst the upper one extends
over and embraces thecolumn. Petals very small, linear,
spreading and recurved. Labellum concave, reniform, slightly
undulated at the margin with two deep yellow processes or
glands near the centre, from which it diminishes to a narrow
claw that connects it with the end of the column, and gives it
the appearance of being spurred. Column very short and
nearly round, with a fleshy projection at its base. Anthers
roundish cordate, apparently two-celled. Pollen masses 8,
ovate, pointed, deep yellow.”

5. SACCOLABIUM compressum ; caule juniore ancipiti, foliis distichis am-
plexicaulibus undulatis obtusis obliqué 3-dentatis, racemis cylindraceis
pendulis, labelli calcare falcato obtuso lamina carnosá minima dentiformi
sepalisque triplo longiore.

A fine Manilla plant imported by Messrs. Loddiges.
The flowers are in drooping cylindrical racemes, with small
sepals blotched with crimson, and a long ivory-white spur.
A figure of it is preparing for the 7th No. of the Sertum
Orchidaceum.

6. CYMBÏDÏUM madidum; foliis ensiformibus basi canaliculatis, racemis
pendulis, sepalis ovalibus obtusis apiculatis patulis, petalis conformibus
erectis, labello nudo per medium madescente oblongo: lobis lateralibus
minimis intermedio oblongo obtuso basi paululüm angustato.

A new species of East Indian Cymbidium imported by
Messrs. Rollissons. The leaves are like those of C. sinense ;
the flowers are a dull yellowish olive green, with sepals about
half an inch long; the labellum is yellower, with a deep
purple stain inside, and is altogether destitute of the lamelle
so usual in this genus; in room of which there is a shining

B.—February, 1840. b

10

exudation all along the axis. I did not remark any smell in
this species.

7. DENDROBIUM plicatile (D. fimbriatum, Lindl. gen. & sp. pl. p. 76.)

This plant has flowered with Messrs. Rollissons, imported
from Manilla. It has solitary, rather large flowers, of a dull
yellow a little tinged with red, and a curious plaited labellum.
The original name of this plant being the same as that applied
to a very different species, it has become necessary to sub-
stitute another, which I have taken in allusion to the very
conspicuous plicatures of the labellum.

8. CYCNOCHES maculatum ; racemo longissimo multifloro, labello lineari-
lanceolato, hypochilio lineari, metachilio basi cornuto glandulis utrinque
teretibus elongatis genuflexis pinnatifidé marginato, epichilio lanceo-
lato membranaceo acuto margine incurvo.

A very fine species, with long, pendulous, many-flowered
racemes of dull yellowish-brown flowers spotted with brown.
It has lately flowered in Mr. Barker’s invaluable collection of
epiphytes, and will be immediately published in the Sertum
Orchidaceum ; the page of the Botanical Register is too
small to do justice to so noble a flower.

9. MORMODES buccinator ; sepalis lineari-oblongis lateralibus reflexis dor-
sali petalisque ovali-lanceolatis erectis, labello unguiculato carnoso nudo
subrotundo-cuneato apiculato utrinque emarginato lateribus in buccine
formam revolutis, columnse dorso acuto.

Flowers pale green, with an ivory-white lip, whose sides
are so rolled back as to give it the appearance of a trumpet.
The columm is twisted sometimes to the right, sometimes to
the left. The habit and general appearance of the flowers,
except in colour, is that of M. atropurpurea, figured in the
Botanical Register, t. 1861. Specimens were sent me by
Mr. Thomas Williams, gardener to J. Willmore, Esq. of
Oldford, near Birmingham.

10. AZARA integrifoha. Flora Peruviana Syst. p. 138.

A few weeks ago I received a flowering specimen of this
rare plant from Messrs. Lucombe, Pince, & Co. Nurserymen,
Exeter, who cultivate it successfully against a western wall.
It is a handsome evergreen with very dark leaves, and would

be well worth a place in a garden where such shelter can be
afforded it.

11

Ln OXALIS Darvalliana; radice tuberosá repente: foliolis ternis latè line-
aribus sparsé hirsutis, marginibus glanduloso-punctatis emarginatis; flo-
ribus solitariis albidis margine pallidé coccineis ; stylis longissimis glan-
duloso-hirsutis. Knowles $ Westcott, Floral Cabinet, t. 93.

A delicate (greenhouse ?) plant, with white petals bordered
with crimson, but a shy flowerer. It is said to approach
very near to O. versicolor, from which it differs in having
broader leaflets, surrounded with glandular dots. Its native
country is not mentioned.

q 12. SISYRINCHIUM junceum; caule simplici eylindraceo sulcato mono-
phyllo; folio fistuloso, spathá longissimá, floribus stipitatis numerosis
incarnatis, pedunculis longissimis, filamentis connatis in medio inflatis ;
ovariis subglobosis hirsutis. Knowles $ Westcott, Floral Cabinet, t. 95.
A very pretty little herbaceous plant, with rushy leaves

and numerous flesh-coloured flowers issuing in long-stalked

umbels from the common spathe. It is said to remain in
flower two/months.—It is probably common in Chile, whence
wild specimens are not unfrequently sent to England.

q 13. LISSANTHE stellata; caule minut? pubescenti, foliis sparsis oblon-
gis breviter petiolatis glaucis mucronatis, floribus albis axillaribus soli-
tariis breviter pedunculatis unibraceatis, limbo 5-partito apice fusco.
Knowles $ Westcott, Floral Cabinet, vol. 3. appendiz, p. 79, with a
description.

A species more singular and neat than handsome. Its
flowers are white, quickly becoming withered and brown when
removed from the stem.

q 14. LATHYRUS Armitageanus ; suffruticosus, ramosus, glaucus, foliis
unijugis, foliolis ovatis sessilibus mucronatis venosis marginibus cartila-
P" stipulis sagittiformibus venosis foliolis eegualibus vel latioribus,

oribus pedunculatis racemosis ceruleis pedunculis foliis cosequalibus,
cirrhis foliis longioribus ramosis. Knowles $ Westcott, Floral Cabinet,

t. 110.

This is one of the beautiful species of our European genus
Lathyrus, found in the temperate parts of South America,
and for the most part only known in herbaria. The flowers
are large, numerous, and bright bluish lilac. It is a half-
hardy shrub, native of South Brazil.

4 15. LINARIA delphinoides ; caule gracili ramosissimo glabro, foliis

alternis subulatis, floribus racemosis purpureis striatis calcaribus arcu-
atis longissimis, pedunculis et calycibus pilosis, corolle lobis superiori-

12

bus obtusis inferioribus emarginatis, calycibus reflexis. Knowles $

Westcott, Floral Cabinet, t. 115.

A biennial ? plant, with showy deep purple flowers ; in-
troduced from the St. Petersburgh Garden under the above
name. It produces seeds, and is easily multiplied by cut-
tings.—Seems very near Z. bipartita.

4 16. PASSIFLORA hispidula; folis membranaceis hispidulis trilobatis
ciliatis basi cordato-sinuatis subdentatis apiculatis; lobis subsequalibus
obtusis apiculatis, petiolis hispidis infrá medium biglandulosis, pedi-
cellis geminis brevissimis 2-3-bracteatis, ovario elliptico glabro. Knowles
$ Westcott, Floral Cabinet, append. iii. 126.

Said to be a small-flowered but very pretty plant; the
calyx whitish inside, the petals yellowish white, the crown
spotted with purple. Nothing is said of its habits, or of the

country it is found wild in: but as it was imported by Mr.
Barker it is probably Mexican.

SM, LOBELIA multiflora ; caule erecto herbaceo basi ramoso, foliis ovato-
oblongis subacuminatis hispidulis obsolet& dentato-glandulosis ciliatis

sessilibus, spicá elongata terminali multiflora foliatá. Knowles $ West-
cott, Floral Cabinet, vol. iii. append. p. 126.

Neither the colour of the flowers, nor the stature or habits

of this plant, nor the country from which it was introduced,
are stated.

DISTINCTION BETWEEN THE GENERA HYMENOCALLIS AND
PANCRATIUM.

In the recent Appendix to the Botanical Register, I have
regarded Mr. Herbert's genus Æ ymenocallis as not being dis-
tinct from Pancratium. Upon this subject I have received
the following note from Mr. Herbert.

“I think you have not fully attended to the difference
between those two genera. The first has the ovules flat,
cumulative, horizontal, attached to the axis. The second
oblong, subcylindrical, erect, attached to or near the base.
The first has a separable black shell, and an albuminous
kernel within the inner coat; the latter has no separable
shell at all, but the embryo naked in a cavity within.
The anthers and pollen are as different as the seed. The
former native of the old continent and impatient of wet; the
second of the new, and liking submersion. I see no analogy

JP

a

13

at all in the seeds of Iris, to which you call my attention, as
differing from each other in the same way. ‘The difference,
there, is no more than occurs between Hippeastrum reticula-
tum and vittatum. Iris seeds have two separable coats. In
some there is a vacuum or cavity between them ; in fetida
that cavity is filled with pulp, and in others it is more or less
filled, but the inner coated kernel is alike in all; and the
difference is merely the absorption of the intermediate pulp.
The outer coat of the seed of Iris foetida is easy separable
from the pulp.”

CLESTINES.

Professor Morren has given this name to those well-known
large cells of cellular tissue in which raphides, or acicular
crystals, are deposited in plants. He finds that in Musa pa-
radisiaca the clestine is produced among oval tissue of the
divisions of the air cells in the leaves of that plant, and that
for a long time after the appearance of crystals in the inside,
it preserves its oval figure. So long as it remains attached
by a single point to the cells of this partition it retains that
form, but by degrees the surrounding tissue alters into acti-
nenchyma, or starry tissue, and then its adhesion to the cells
from which it receives its food takes place at several different
points; whereupon in augmenting in size and gaining a much
greater capacity than the surrounding actinenchyma, it at-
taches itself to the rays of the latter by legs or peculiar exten-
sions, which may amount to the number 8 or 10. But if it
is formed at the borders of the prismatical tissue of the parti-
tions, it acquires the form of a cylinder with two beaks. He re-
gards clestines as analogous to the biforines observed by Turpin
in a few Araceous plants, but differing in not possessing the
apertures required for the ejaculation of their contents under
the influence of endosmosis: Observations sur U Anatomie des
Musa, in the Bulletin. de Ac. R. de Bruxelles, VÍ. no. 3.

Recensio specierum generis Pteridis, auctore Jac. G. Agardh, Lunde, 1839, 8vo.
In a pamphlet of 86 pages Dr. James Agardh has given

an arrangement, with their specific characters, synonyms,
and history, of the great and difficult genus Pteris, the species
of which, after eliminating such as are now referred to other
genera, amount in number to 94, the distinctions of which

14

are certain; besides these there are 29 which the author
has not seen, and which are doubtless in some cases synonyms
of others.

A work more grateful than this to systematic botanists
could hardly have been undertaken; for if there was one
genus more difficult than another among Ferns it was cer-
tainly Pteris. The author’s great object has been to elucidate
the synonymy, and he appears to have done so with much
skill and success, as may be seen from the result of his en-
quiries into a few cases. P. angusta, elastica, and masca-
renensis are the same as P. scabra; P. arguta, palustris, and
lata belong to P. flabellata ; and, finally, P. discolor, glau-
cescens, cruciata, sinuata, Lessoniana, and vespertilionis, and
perhaps P. pallida, are referred to P. elegans. So that no
fewer than sizteen are reduced to three. It is probable that
few large genera exist, upon which numerous botanists have
worked independently, in which similar reductions of species
might not safely be made; and if so, what opinion is the
statistical enquirer to form of the actual number of Vegetable
species known to science ?

FRUIT OF LEPTOTES BICOLOR, AROMATIC.

Professor Morren has ascertained that the fruit of this
pretty epiphyte, figured in the present work, vol. 19, t. 1625,
is fragrant when ripe. By fertilizing it artificially, he suc-
ceeded in twice obtaining its fruit, which he describes as re-
sembling in smell the well-known Tonka or Tonquin bean of
the perfumers; or the Sweet-vernal Grass (Anthoxanthum
odoratum), which aromatises hay, only stronger and more
penetrating than the last. It has been found that this fruit,
infused in cream or milk, gives them, when iced, a mild
agreeable flavour, sweeter than Vanilla but less penetrating.
“ L'homme," adds the author, ** est avide de variétés dans sa
nourriture; Part culinaire trouve ici un moyen de plus de
contenter ses goüts capricieux, et Part du glacier de diminuer,

chez ses produits, cet ennui qui, dit-on, naquit de l'uni-
formitê.”

ON THE MOTION OF GUM IN PLANTS.

In his investigation of the anatomy of Cycadacee, Pro-
fessor Morren has arrived at a fact of great interest in Vege-

table physiology. It is well known that all these plants yield

|

mw

D

15

an abundance of gum, which flows from them freely in a
liquid state when wounded ; the author ascertained the cor-
rectness of Professor Meyen's statement, that the flow of such
matter takes place in special channels, i. e. in long fistule,
whose walls are built up of cellular tissue. It is usually
supposed that gum is a secretion from the leaves of plants,
and that it consequently flows from above downwards ; it has
been even compared to the blood, and regarded as the most
pure, and most essential part of their nutritive matter.
Professor Morren has however proved by some well conducted
experiments, that in Cycadacez at least the gum moves from
below upwards, and that it arises in the stem, whence it
mounts into the leaves. The author therefore suspected that
gum is an ulterior elaboration of the starch lodged in the
trunk, and that such elaboration is excited, or brought about,
or atleast assisted, by some acid, probably supplied by the
leaves themselves to the trunk ; a suspicion eventually con-
firmed by chemical investigation.

M. de Coninck, Professor of Chemistry at Liége, analysed
the leaves of Cycas revoluta, and ascertained that they con-
tained, 1° Chlorohydrie acid, probably combined with soda or
potash; 2° Oxalic acid, probably free ; and 3° Oxalate of lime,
forming the principal part of the solid exterior layer of the
leaves ; a very interesting fact, inasmuch as superficial indu-

rations of plants have always hitherto been ascribed to the

presence of silex. From these facts M. Morren concludes
that in Cycadacee gum is formed at the expense of the
starch of the stem, and that such a change is effected by the
action of the free oxalic acid secreted in the leaves.

We are, therefore, to understand hereafter that gum is a
form of the nutritive matter of plants; that, instead of being
the result of vegetable digestion, it is a principle created by
nature for their crude food ; that one at least, if not the prin-
cipal of the functional purposes for which starch is univer-
sally dispersed through the tissue of plants, is in order that it
may be every where ready for conversion into gum; and finally
that it is in the form of gum that starch passes through the
sides of the tissue in which its granules were originally gene-
rated. Zapériences et Observations sur la gomme des Cycadées
in the Bulletin de Y Academie royale de Bruxelles, VI. no. 8.

16

Extract from a letter from Ronald Gunn, Esq. to Dr. Lindley.
** Hobarton, Van Diemen’s Land, .23d Sept. 1839.

* My dear Sir, —Your letter of the 23rd F ebruary last,
with your ‘Observations on the effect of Frost on Plants,’
only reached me yesterday, and I now hasten to acknowledge
their receipt. Your observations on Frost are highly inte-
resting, and I cannot do better than at once communicate to
you such remarks as a perusal of it has called forth, as far as
relates to the Plants of Australia. I find that all the Plants
of Van Diemen’s Land, with one or two exceptions, appear to
have resisted the cold, although the majority of Australian
plants did not; but that is hardly to be wondered at when they
are principally found near the sea in lat. 340,

* Acacia. Of this genus A. affinis and diffusa will, I
think, always be found hardy, also probably melanoxylon, al-
though the latter usually grows in shaded umbrageous ravines,
and therefore in its natural state is protected from all frosts
until very old. The fate of A. verticillata astonishes me, as
I consider it a decidedly hardy species. A. sophora grows in
the sands by the sea shore and there only, and I find will not
stand well in gardens here, principally from the impossibility
of providing it with a suitable soil. I found the frosts at
Launceston, affected the young branches in my garden. I am
not aware of any other of the species being indigenous to
Van Diemen’s Land.

** Aster argophyllus is only found in very damp shaded
warm ravines, where it is, in its oldest state, sheltered by the
large Eucalypti. It is our tenderest shrubby aster, and the
young shoots were injured by the frost every winter, in the
late Mr. Robert Lawrence’s garden at Launceston, where
exposed. You will find A. viscarius, and indeed almost every
species hardy, except argophyllus and another, which is only
found on sandhills near the sea.

“ Banksia. No species in your list belong to Van Die-
men’s Land.

“ Billardiera longifolia is not our’s either, but I think
some of our species would be found hardy. B. longiflora, it is
true, usually grows in thickets, twining round shrubs, so that
| lt 1$ never exposed to frost in its natural state.

, “ Correa alba only exists here on the sandhills and rocks
within a few yards of the sea, and is not found inland any-

ty

where. On our coasts therefore it is necessarily exposed to
such slight frosts, that I should not be astonished at its proving
tender; as also C. speciosa and Backhousiana. C. ferru-
ginea, virens, and Lawrenceana will be found much more hardy.

*« Callistemon lanceolatus is not of Van Diemen's Land,
but our two species, viz. C. salignum and another will be
found hardy.

«. Dianella cerulea (1 doubt if either of ours is the true
coerulea) here seldom bears many leaves at any time, indeed
seldom but one or two, and is inconspicuous, except in the
flowering season; it grows in sand near the sea; another is
found only in sheltered spots in rich soil, and where frosts
could not injure it. |

“ Eucalyptus. If E.alpina is what I suppose it to be, it
should be very hardy, but I am uncertain of the species. E.
globulus, which is a common tree in the southern parts of
Van Diemen's Land, does not exist in the northern half of
the island, and some plants I grew from seed at Launceston
were injured by the frost when young; the leaves of that
species when young appearing to be peculiarly tender.

* Goodia lotifolia is tender in Van Diemen's Land, and
only grows pretty near the sea, and where warm.

** Leptospermum lanigerum is the only species I know as
belonging to Van Diemen's Land in your list. Some of ours
will be found hardy.

“ Melaleuca. None in your list are of Van Diemen’s Land,
but ericifolia, which should be hardy. M. squarrosa will also
be found hardy I think.

« Pomaderris elliptica is only found bordering on the sea,
or on the margins of rivers flowing into it. It is more tender
than P. apetala.

* Veronica decussata cannot be of Van Diemen’s Land.
Of the suffrutescent kinds we only possess three, viz. V. for-
mosa, labiata, and another. V. formosa will be found hardy,
but labiata rather tender. ?

« By this it would appear that our Tasmannian plants are
confounded with the Australian generally, although I think
in most cases they would really be found perfectly hardy. I
unfortunately do not possess the names to all my plants, or else
my remarks could be rendered much more valuable. I think,
however, that on reference you will find all the plants proved
to be tender are from New South Wales, about 34° S. and

C. March, 1840. c

18

that few of those of Tasmannia suffered, except such as
naturally grow in sand on the sea coast, and under the in-
fluence at all times of the sea air. Of the genera Beaufortia,
Carmichaelia, Doryanthes, Eugenia, &c. we do not possess to
my knowledge a single species. I am therefore anxious that
in all future times you should separate the plants of Van
Diemen’s Land from those of Australia, as under the latter
name plants from the tropics to about 38° may be included,
whereas under Van Diemen’s Land you can only include from
about latitude 40° 40’ S. to 43° 35’; and as our mountains
attain an altitude of 4000 feet, we ought to lay claim to a
separate nook in the geography of plants. By adopting the
name of 'TAsMANNIa for our island, you would avoid the con-
fusion of Sprengel, DeCandolle, &c. where Insula Van Die-
men, Terra Van Diemen, Caput Van Diemen, &c. would
lead persons to believe they were separate places; as although
there is a Van Diemen's Land near the Gulph of Carpen-
taria, I think few, if any, of its plants are described, except
under the name of Australia, under which name also so many
of ours are swallowed up. I am most anxious to claim for
ourselves a distinct portion of the globe, and not be /ost in
the name New Holland. We are small, itis true; but as the
most southern British settlement, and from our insular cha-
racter, I think I do not claim too much in wishing our natural
history to be kept by itself; although it assimilates ne-
cessarily with the south coast of the great continent, yet
our possessing among the animals the Cynocephalus, and

some other things peculiar to ourselves, gives us a stronger
claim than o

the great people in the old world to accord to us."

18, SOPHRONITIS violacea; pseudobulbo ovali, folio solitario lineari scapo
terminali basi vaginato 1-floro longiore, labello obovato acuto nudo basi

gibboso, column: alis maximis carnosis obtusis falcatis.

A pretty little epiphyte with solitary violet flowers, for
which I am indebted to Mrs. Cannon, of Stratford Green, in
whose hothouse it flowered in the beginning of February.

It is destitute of the brick red colour found in the other spe-
cies of this genus.

ur apparent insignificance on a map would lead |

19

as: CATASETÚM Russellianum ; pseudobulbo elliptico magno, foliis lato-
lanceolatis, racemo amplo, labello submembranaceo anticé inflato ore
contracto margine anteriore producto undulato fimbriato disco mem-
braná cristato, columná nuda (ecirrhosá). Hooker in Bot. Mag. t. 3777.
A large species with green flowers, a little relieved by
the greater whiteness of the labellum ; sent from Guatemala
by Mr. Skinner to the late Duke of Bedford. The labellum
is described by Sir W. Hooker as being almost membranous.
Itis very near Catasetum laminatum, a Mexican species.

20. EPIDENDRUM falcatum. Lindley in Taylor’s Annals of Natural His-
tory, Feb. 1840. (E. Parkinsonianum, Hooker in Bot. Mag. Feb. 1840.

t. 3778.)
A very fine species of the caulescent tribe of this exten-

sive genus, with fleshy branching short stems, long channelled
falcate leaves, and large yellow flowers, springing from within
a long pale yellowish-green membranous spathe. In Sir Wm.
Hooker’s figure only two flowers are represented, but in my
wild specimens there are four or more to each spathe. ‘The
latter were found by Mr. Hartweg among rocks and loose
stones, at the Hacienda de Santa Ana, in the neighbourhood
of Oaxaca, flowering in May. The plant is not very uncom-
mon in collections of Mexican epiphytes.

91. ONCIDIUM Insleayi (Barker in litt.) ; pseudo-bulbis ovatis compressis
diphyllis, foliis erectis coriaceis oblongo-ensiformibus subundulatis apice
recurvis racemo simplici erecto rigido brevioribus, sepalis petalisque ob-
longis subsequalibus undulatis infimis basi connatis, labello obovato
retuso basi sagittato disci tuberculo apice depresso dilatato bilobo utrin-

identato lamellâgue unica retrofractá aucto, columns

que in medio uni

alis cirrhatis.

This beautiful Oncidium is a native of Mexico, whence it
was imported by George Barker, Esq. of Birmingham, who
has named it after Mr. Insleay, his gardener. It has flowers
similar in size, colour, and spotting, to those of O. Papilio,
but their form is quite different, and they are produced upon
a stiff erect spike. It is among the finest of the genus, and
will form one of the plates in Mr. Batemau's magnificent
work on the Orchidacez of Mexico and Guatemala.

22. BROUGHTONIA aurea; sepalis linearibus acutis, petalis conformibus,

labello ovato convoluto acuminato.
A native of Mexico, in the neighbourhood of Valladolid,
whence it was obtained by Mr. Barker.—- 'The flowers are

20
a bright yellowish red colour, like those of Epidendrum

vitellinum, rather larger than in Broughtonia sanguinea, and
scentless.

23. OBERONIA eylindrica ; spica densa cylindraceá, bracteis canaliculatis
subciliatis, sepalis petalisque reflexis intüs labelloque cordato truncato
fimbriato pubescentibus.

A most curious little species of this strange genus of
epiphytes; imported from Manilla by Messrs. Loddiges. Its
flowers are small, green, very densely arranged in a perfectly
cylindrical spike about three inches long ; each flower appears
to consist of a labellum only, the sepals and petals being so
closely turned back as to be unobserved until carefully looked
for. The minute flowers are beautiful microscopical objects.

24. BRASAVOLA venosa 3 folio lanceolato semicylindraceo supra canalicu-
lato, sepalis petalisque linearibus, labelli ungue longo complicato laminá
subrotundo-ovatá subtrilobá acuminatá basi serratá : venis elevatis.

A fine species resembling B. nodosa in habit, but with
much larger flowers, the sepals being more than two inches
long. The lip is white, the other parts greenish. It is at
once distinguished from B. nodosa and all the allied species
by the firmness of the lip, which is more or less evidently
lobed at the side, and has the veins distinctly elevated. The

flowers are deliciously sweet at night. Messrs. Loddiges im-
ported it from Honduras.

25. LALÍA rubescens 3 pseudo-bulbis subrotundis compressis utrinque an-
gulo elevato, foliis oblongis obtusis scapo tereti vaginato brevioribus,
racemo multifloro, bracteis [pubescentibus ovario plus dupló brevioribus,
sepalis linearibus, petalis lanceolatis subundulatis, labello conformi
auriculato medio pubescente: lineis duabus elevatis.

For a specimen of this pretty new species I am indebted
to Mr. Barker, who purchased it some time ago, from Mr.
Joseph Knight, Nurseryman, in the King’s Road. Its native
country 1s unknown, but is probably Mexico. It forms a
patch of roundish compressed pseudo-bulbs, looking like
those of a Maxillaria, and bearing each a single broad leaf,
much shorter than the slender terminal scape. The latter is
about a foot long, and bears at its extremity a loose raceme
of delicate whitish flowers tinged with pink, and about the
size of those of LZ. albida. The two first flowers which
opened with Mr. Barker exhibited a singularly monstrous

Paz

21

structure, with only two sepals and two petals, the lip and
one of the sepals being missing; all the other parts were in
the usual state. |

06. LISSANTHE verticillata. Lindl. in Append. Bot. Reg. Swan River.

no. 102.

A plant of this very rare species has flowered in the
garden of the Horticultural Society in one of the green-
houses. Its blossoms are of no beauty, being very small, and
dull purple; but the foliage is of a brilliant green, beauti-

fully streaked with fine veins, and the manner of growth is

exceedingly graceful, resembling that of an Araucaria, or
some such plant, more than any thing I can compare it with.
It is certainly in point of foliage one of the prettiest plants
lately introduced. :

27. MANGLESIA glabrata. Lindl. in Append. Bot. Reg. Swan River,

no. 183.

This plant has found its way into gardens, having been
raised from Swan River seed by Robert Mangles, Esq. of
Sunning Hill. It is a Proteaceous plant, allied to Grevillea,
with neat toothed long-stalked leaves, and very small white
flowers of no beauty. It is for its foliage alone that it will

be cultivated.

q 28. STANHOPEA maculosa; hypochilio rotundato saccato intis verrucis

glandulosis anticé obsito, metachilio brevi constricto cornua 2 falcata

porrecta gerente, epichilio oblongo obtuse 3-dentato apice subreflexo.
Knowles & Westcott, Floral Cabinet, t. 121.

A fine plant, imported (from Mexico ?) by Mr. Barker.
It is said to resemble S. tigrina in several points, but to
differ in the much smaller size of the flowers, in its general
markings, in the warty, not lamellated, inner surface of the
hypochilium, &e. — ' ‘The inner surface of the hypochilium,
although not broken up into lamellze, has the warts arranged

in a radiated manner."

q 29. CHEIRANTHUS ochroleucus; suffruticosus, adpressis pilis vestitus,
foliis linearibus, floribus ochroleucis capitatis breviter pedicellatis, petalis
subrotundis: unguibus longissimis, stigmate bilobato. Knowles & West-

cott, Floral Cabinet, t. 120.
A dwarf hardy herbaceous plant, with soft yellow flowers

and delicate scent, blossoming in June and July.—— It is very

22

different from the plant called Ch. ochroleucus by DeCan-
dolle, and seems near, if not the same as, Ch. alpinus.

«| 30. VERONICA diosmefolia? Knowles & Westcott, Floral Cabinet, t. 106.

A beautiful little shrub, from Van Diemen's Land, nearly
hardy, with small sweet box-like leaves, and numerous clusters
of blue flowers. 1t flowered in the Birmingham Botanic
garden, and was not killed, although in an exposed situation,
in the severe winter of 1837-8.—This plant is the D. for-
mosa R. Br. and not the V. diosmifolia of Cunningham.

Y 31. HIBISCUS Cameroni; fruticosus foliosus pubescens, foliis quinque-
partitis, partibus dentatis, petalis ovatis obtusis marginibus undulatis,
involucellis minutis. Knowles $ JF. estcott, Floral Cabinet, t. 97.

This belongs to the frutescent division of the sixth section
(Abelmoschus) of DeCandolle. Flowers dull buff, tinted with
rose, handsome. Native of M adagascar, and therefore of
course a stove plant.

4 32. CROTALARIA undulata; suffruticosa sericeo-pubescens, foliis bre-
vitér petiolatis ovato-lanceolatis undulatis mucronatis, stipulis subulatis
petiolis longioribus decurrentibus, floribus magnis luteis, calycis segmen-
tis superioribus inferioribus multo majoribus. Knowles $ Westcott,
Floral Cabinet, v. 2. 158.

A showy species allied to C. rubiginosa, with large bright
yellow flowers. It is a greenhouse shrub, and was imported

from Mexico by Mr. Barker.

{] 33. PERISTERIA guttata; scapo brevi pendulo multifloro, racemo denso
secundo, labelli dimidio inferiore disco crasso concavo lobis lateralibus

vix conspicuis : superiore ovato margine denticulato apice integro ab-

rupté incurvo intüs tuberculis minutissimis obsito, columná apterá.

Knowles § Westcott, Floral Cabinet, t. 70.

A beautiful plant allied to P. pendula, * from which it
differs in the colour, the shape, and the smaller size of the
flowers, in the absence of wings from the column, and in the
scarcely developed lateral lobes of the labellum. It is much
more nearly allied to the P. cerina of the Botanical Register,
with which it agrees in the general shape of the flowers, and
the denticulated margin of the middle lobe of the labellum,
but differs from it in the colour and copious markings of the
flower, in the entire not emarginate point of the middle lobe,
and in the absence of distinct lateral lobes, Still however the
resemblance between them, except in colour, is so great that

23

we question whether our plant may not eventually be con-
sidered merely a spotted variety of P. cerina.” Said to have
been imported from Rio Janeiro—but this is doubtful It
flowered with Mr. Barker.

€ 34. SOLANUM Rossii; caule fruticoso prostrato tereti gracili racemoso
aculeis compressis armato, foliis binis vel ternis insequalibus pubescen-
tibus breviter petiolatis costis suprà aculeatis basi ineequalibus imis ob-
longo-sinuatis superioribus cordatis subobtusis, floribus quadrifidis te-
trandris ternis longè pedicellatis, antheris sequalibus. Knowles Y West-
cott, Floral Cabinet, v. 2. p. 141.
A Mexican greenhouse shrub, with pale blue flowers ;

“the upper part clothed with fulvous pubescence, prickly

throughout, remarkably compressed, of a reddish-brown co-

lour, and slightly recurved.”

q 35. EPIDENDRUM crispatum ; pseudo-bulbis ovatis diphyllis, foliis li-
neari-lanceolatis carnosis obtusis submucronatis, scapo multifloro, petalis
et sepalis linearibus striatis, petalis sepalis minoribus, labello tripartito

_ laciniis lateralibus columnam involventibus intermedia elongata crispata

(dupld longiore), ovario varicoso. Knowles $ Westcott, Floral Cabinet,

v. 2. p. 79.

Imported from Mexico by Mr. Barker. “ The contrast
between the long crisped white labellum, and sepals and
petals, is very pleasing and striking.” It is one of the many
species of the Encyclia division of the genus, all of which re-
quire a careful comparison with each other. It must be very

near E. pictum, Bot. Reg. misc. 1838. no. 42.

«| 36. WEINMANNÍA venosa ; foliis coriaceis sessilibus decussatis oblongo-
ovatis irregularitér inciso-dentatis venosis, floribus verticillato-spicatis,
petalis glabris linearibus pallide roseis, bracteis petalisque pubescentibus,
capsulis hirsutis, floribus decandris. Knowles $ Westcott, Floral Cabi-

net, t. 65.

A New Holland greenhouse shrub, from the Birmingham
Botanical Garden. “It possesses a singular and pleasing
appearance, having its dense spikes of flowers crowned with
purple leaves, its stem red, and its leaves strongly veined with
red. It is a plant of slow growth and a rigid habit.”
The pentamerous flowers separate it from Weinmannia. Is
it really a New Holland plant ?

4 37. BRASSIA cochleata ; sepalis petalisque subsequalibus linearibus acu-
minatis, labello elongato cochleato acuminato. Knowles § Westcott,
Floral Cabinet, t. 53.

A native of Demerara, where it was found by Henchman.

24

It has green flowers, with long narrow spotted segments, and
a lip narrow, and hollowed out below the point, where it ter-
minates in a slender bristle. It is not handsome, but is very
distinct.

{ 38. BILLARDIERA daphnvides; fruticosa, ramis non scandentibus, foliis
lanceolatis subacutis supra glabris subtüs sericeo-villosis, floribus pede-
cellatis solitariis axillaribus luteis, antheris sagittatis, stigmatibus obtu-
sis quadripartitis, baccis sericeis. Knowles § Westcott, Floral Cabinet,
v. 2. p. 60.

Native country not mentioned. A greenhouse shrub, de-
scribed as having the appearance of proving a dwarf rigid
shrub. The branches are covered with hairy down. The
flowers are smooth, yellow inside, striped on the outside with
a dullish purple.

Y 39. GESNERIA reflexa ; herbacea, foliis subsessilibus cordatis crenato-
dentatis rugosis villosis acutis, racemo terminali reflexo, bracteis cor-
datis acutis reflexis, corollis arcuatis tomentosis ; labio superiore elon-
gato fornicato basi angustato inferiore brevi fauce obliquá latissimá trun-
cata. Knowles $ Westcott, Floral Cabinet, t. 67.

This plant is very near G. faucialis. ” It is unnoticed by
name in DeCandolle’s recent volume of the Prodromus, but is
probably the same as his G. Cooperi. Like all the genus it
is very handsome. The garden report of its having been
found near Valparaiso is about as probable as if it had been
said to come from Iceland.

{ 40. PLEUROTHALLIS villosa; folis ovatis coriaceis, petiolis sulcatis,
scapo flexuoso, bracteis spathosis, floribus villosis purpureo-maculatis,
supremo sepalo subspathulato margine reflexo carinato, sepalis laterali-
bus connatis basi gibbosis, petalis spathulatis minutis, labello lingui-
formi recurvato sulcato. Knowles § Westcott, Floral Cabinet, v. 2. p.78.
Imported from Mexico by Mr. Barker. ‘It grows about

four inches high; the scape is flexuose, and at each bend

there is a flower, very woolly, and beautifully spotted with
purple; the lateral sepals are gibbous at the base."— — It
therefore seems to be a Specklinia.

Y 41. PLEUROTHALLIS ciliata ; caule adscendente subtereti sulcato, folio
coriaceo elliptico-lanceolato emarginato, racemo recurvo folio breviore,
floribus alternis secundis, sepalis minutissimé ciliatis lateralibus nisi
apice connatis superiore erecto, petalis lineari-lanceolatis ciliatis columnâ
paulo longioribus, labello sub-ciliato linguee-formi obtuso concavo, cli-
nandrio tridentato. Knowles $ Westcott, Floral Cabinet, t. 19.

A cinnamon-flowered species, collected by Henchman on

ek
EEUU

25

the Masseroni river in Demerara, and first flowered by Mr.
Willmore.

q 42, IRIS deflexa ; barbata, scapo flexuoso declinato multifloro foliis lon-
giore, foliis ensiformibus apice falcatis marginatis glaucis, floribus infe-
rioribus pedunculatis, spathis viridibus, germinibus trigonis. Knowles
& Westcott, Floral Cabinet, t. 51.

An oriental species, from the Birmingham Botanic Gar-
den; very near Z. subbiflora, from which it is said to differ
“in having the scape flexuose and deflexed, and bearing four
or sometimes five flowers (never less than three), and by
having a three-sided germen. Furthermore it is so tender
as to require a stove heat, or that of a warm greenhouse.”

€ 43. MAXILLARIA aureo-fulva ; pseudo-bulbis rotundato-ovatis angulatis
rugosis monophyllis, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis costatis acutis scapo radi-
cali multifloro brevioribus, floribus longé pedicellatis apice reflexis, sepa-
lis lanceolatis acuminatis lateralibus basi in calcar spurium productis,
petalis striatis lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis, labello unguiculato trilobo
in medio striato: lobis lateralibus acutis intermedio lanceolato acuminato,
gynizo subrotuudo margine superiore crasso. Knowles § Westcott, Floral
Cabinet, t.83. Hooker in Bot. Mag. t. 3629. (M. stenopetala, Flor.
Cab. vol. 2. p. 112.)
A very pretty species from the Organ mountains of Brazil,

with racemes of orange-coloured flowers. From the obser-

vations of the authors of the Floral Cabinet it has the

technical character of Bifrenaria.

q 44. BEGONÍA diversifolia; herbacea, glaberrima, foliis radicalibus reni-
formibus latè crenatis, caulinis sublobatis inæqualiter argutè serratis, su-
perioribus inæqualiter cordatis, floribus axillaribus, pedunculis petiolos
æquantibus ramosis, capsulæ alá maximá acutangulá. Knowles y West-
cott, Floral Cabinet, t. 14.

A pretty tuberous-rooted herbaceous stove plant, with
large bright pink flowers. Nothing is mentioned of its na-

tive country or history, but it is said to be allied to B. Mar-
tiana.

q 45. ONCIDIUM carinatum ; pseudo-bulbis evatis, foliis lanceolatis, scapo

erecto, floribus secundis racemosis, petalis conniventibus maculatis, pe-
imo, bracteis scariosis. Knowles

dicellis flexuosis, labello cristato integerri
$ Westcott, Floral Cabinet, vol. 2. p. 30.
A pretty little species obtained from Xalapa by Mr.
Barker. **It differs from Oncidium in having the wings of
the column in the centre instead of at the apex.——The

labellum is also entire and keeled from the apex.”
D. April, 1840. d

26

q 46. ONCIDIUM intermedium; folis oblongis acutis rigidis carnosis,
scapo flexuoso paniculato ramoso multifloro, sepalis undulatis unguicu-
latis subintegris supremo rotundato subcochleato lateralibus spathulatis
subreflexis, petalis laté unguiculatis subrotundatis crenulato-crispis, la-
belli lobis lateralibus nanis revolutis intermedio reniformi undulato emar-
ginato, crista posticê lobis 2 crassis tuberculatis anticê callis tribus inter-
medio elevato elongato lateralibus divergentibus, columne alis carnosis
obliquis suprà margine repando-sinuato infra auriculá elongata. Knowles
$ Westcott, Floral Cabinet, t. 60.

Imported from Cuba by George Barker, Esq. A very
beautiful plant, allied both to O. carthaginense and luridum,
from both which it is said to be distinguished by many cha-
racters. The flowers are bright yellow spotted with crimson,
as in O. guttatum.

T 47. ONCIDIUM unicornutum ; pseudo-bulbis oblongis compressis costa-
tis diphyllis, foliis lineari-lanceolatis, scapo simplici gracili glauco multi-
floro, sepalis petalisque laté lineari-spathulatis inferioribus in unum
connatis, labelli lobis lateralibus rotundatis denticulatis intermedia sub-
cuneato basi unicornuto, cristâ elevatâ transversâ, columnse alis ab-
breviatis. Knowles $ Westcott, Floral Cabinet, vol. 2. p. 143.

A native of the Organ mountains, from Mr. Willmore's
collection. Nothing further is said about it.

48. SPIRONEMA fragrans.

A. Mexican herbaceous plant, introduced by Mr. Barker,
with something of the appearance of a Sanseviera, but very
fragrant, has lately flowered with Messrs. Lowe and Co. of
Clapton. As a detailed account of it will be given very soon
in this work, with a figure, it is only necessary now to men-
tion the circumstances by which it is distinguished from other
genera of Commelinacez to which it belongs. Sepals green,
scale-like, rather larger than the petals, which are trans-
parent and very delicate. Stamens six, equal, with spiral
filaments, and cordate petaloid anthers, bearing their cells
transversely upon the base. Ovary three-celled ; ovules hori-
zontal, globose, one above the other ; stigma simple. |

«| 49. EPIDENDRÜM stenopetalum ; pseudo-bulbis cylindraceo-oblongis ;
foliis lanceolatis ; floribus solitariis; sepalis lanceolatis ; petalis angusté
linearibus ; labello trilobo, lobo medio cuspidato-purpureo, lobis latera-

libus subrotundis albidis columnam involventibus. Knowles $ Westcott,
Floral Cabinet, vol. 2. p. 175.

. “A delicate and pretty species, native of Mexico, and
imported by Mr. Barker in 1837. Its sepals and petals are

>|

i
=

A

27

brownish ; the labellum white, with the upper portion tinged
with purple. It appears to produce only a solitary flower at
a time.”

50. COBRA stipularis.* Bentham plant. Hartweg. p. 45.

This fine species has been raised in the garden ot the
Horticultural Society from Mr. Hartweg’s Mexican seeds.
Its habit is that of the old Cobea scandens, but it is appa-
rently more delicate, the leaves are narrower, of a paler and
brighter green, and the flowers are described as being yellow,
three inches long, obliquely inflated at the apex, and very

much contracted below the middle. It will doubtless prove

a summer climber ; but will not bear our winters.

51. CLETHRA mexicana. DeCandolle Prodr. 7. 590. Bentham plant.

Hartweg. p. 45. no. 341.

An evergreen shrub or small tree from the colder regions
of Mexico, where it has been found by various collectors.
Mr. Hartweg sent home seeds, but they have not grown ; it
however exists in our gardens, having been raised by Messrs.
Loddiges. The leaves are obovate, very obtuse, about four
inches long, and white with down on the under side. Its
flowers appear from the dried specimens to be very like, and
quite as handsome as, those of Clethra arborea.

52. ALNUS jorullensis. Humb. Bonpl. & Kunth, nov. gen. et sp. pl. 2.20.

Bentham plant. Hartw. p. 52. no. 392.

A very fine looking Alder, from seeds of which, collected
in Mexico by Mr. Hartweg, at a place called Zacualtipan,
in the mountains between the city of Mexico and Tampico,
plants have been raised in the garden of the Horticultural
Society. It has fine oval acuminate leaves, from four to five
inches long, with veins prominent and downy on the under
side. Mr. Hartweg considered it a Birch, put it seems to
be an undoubted species of Alder. It may be expected to be
hardy.

53. GARRYA laurifolia. Hartweg in Benth. plant. Hartweg. p. 14. no. 81.

This gives our gardens a new species of the curious hardy
genus Garrya, of which Mr. Hartweg has discovered no
fewer than five during his travels in Mexico. A considerable

quantity of seed was given away by the Horticultural Society,
and it appeared to be in good condition ; from that however

28

retained for the garden one seed only has germinated, so that
the species is probably of extreme rarity. It is a handsomer
looking plant than Garrya elliptica, with oval laurel-like
leaves, which are covered with down on the under side.
According to Mr. Hartweg it grows on the mountains in the
northern provinces of Mexico. He found it near Guanaxuato
a shrub from fifteen to eighteen feet high ; but at Anganguco
it formed a tree with a trunk two feet in diameter.

54. ARISZEMA macrospatha. Bentham plant. Hartweg. p. 52. no. 394.

A small stemless plant, with tuberous roots like those of
the common Arum, purple-stalked pedate leaves, and a pink
or purple spathe from five to six inches long. It will pro-
bably form a greenhouse herbaceous plant. Mr. Hartweg
found it in shady woods near Morelia flowering in July, and

sent it to the Horticultural Society, with whom it has been
raised.

55. HYMENOCALLIS rotata. Herbert Amaryll. p. 217.

There is a good figure of this plant in the Floral Cabinet,
Vol. 2. p. 51, and an interesting account of its peculiar habits
at p. 47 of the same volume, from which it appears that the
species lives in the deep muddy swamps in the neighbourhood
of Mobile, which it studs with its beautiful snow-white starry
blossoms, and perfumes with its fragrance, at a time when,
from the softness of the mud such places are unvisited except
by the most adventurous travellers. It is stated that the
bulbs frequently lie imbedded two feet in the mud, so that
the entire plant is full four feet high, and the collector, in
his efforts to obtain the bulbs was frequently sunk above
his middle in this unpleasant bath. In the summer months,
when such swamps become hard, the plant dies down and dis-
appears, its very site being covered with other vegetation.

It is much to be regretted that in publishing an account
of this fine plant the authors of the work in which it ap-
peared should have stated it to be new, and named it Zsmene
Knighti; a double error being thus committed, the plant not
belonging to the genus Ismene; but to Hymenocallis, and not
being a new species, but one long since published in Messrs.
Loddiges’ Botanical Cabinet, t. 19, and in the Botanical
Magazine, t. 827, under the name of Pancratium rotatum, by
which it is well known in collections. These are the new

29

names, and such the changes of names, concerning which the
public has a just right to complain; for they not only create
intolerable confusion in nomenclature, but altogether mis-
lead the lovers of plants, who upon the faith of works of
apparent respectability are led to purchase, for the sake of its
new name, and probably at a high rate, what they have
already long possessed under some other name.

56. EPIDENDRUM (Encyclia) glaucum; undique glaucedine obductum,
pseudobulbis ovalibus compressis monophyllis, folis ensiformibus
acutis pergameneis basi canaliculatis scapo pendulo paniculato breviori-
bus, sepalis petalisque ovalibus obtusis, labelli linearis apice carnosi
trilobi lobis lateralibus rotundatis intermedio ovato medio calloso, co-
lumnee cardine appendice ovata obtusa recurvà aucto. (Epithecia
glauca, Knowles § Westcott, Floral Cabinet, t. 87.

Mr. Barker, who imported this curious plant from Mexico,
has favoured me with specimens, which enable me to state that
it cannot be generically separated from the genus Epiden-
drum. It is not a showy plant, the flowers being small,
scentless, and green stained with dull purple. The drooping
panicle is somewhat remarkable, and the glaucous covering
of every part is much more so; but the species has no claims
upon the attention of those cultivators who seek after orna-

mental plants.

57. BARKERIA elegans. Knowles & Westcott, Floral Cabinet, t. 49.

An elegant little Mexican Orchidaceous plant, with taper-
ing fleshy stems like those of a meagre Cycnoches, narrow-
lanceolate acuminate membranous leaves, and a terminal
inflorescence, in the form of a raceme of a few large bright
pink flowers. It is well figured in the Floral Cabinet, and
is one of the few plants which rival the Cattleyas in gaiety
of appearance. It is however said to be difficult of cultiva-
tion, and is at present of great rarity. The genus is well
distinguished from Cattleya, to which it approaches most
nearly, by its lip being flat and undivided, instead of cucul-
late, and more or less ca three-lobed, as well as by its
peculiar habit. As the genus has not yet found its way into
books generally used by Botanists, a short technical character
of it is added.

BARKERIA. Sepala & petala segualia, libera, membranacea, patentissima.
Labellum planum, integerrimum, nudum, (cuneatum cum apiculo)
columne adpressum. Columna petaloidea. Anthera 4-locularis, car-

30

nosa, septorum marginibus membranaceis. Pollinia 4, caudiculis toti-
dum ligulatis reflexis, per paria connatis. Herba epiphyta, caulibus
fusiformibus carnosis. Folia angusta, membranacea, nervosa. Pedun-
culi longi, graciles, squamati, terminales, apice racemosi. Flores magni,
conspicui, nutantes.

58. COTONEASTER denticulata. Humb. Bonpl. & Kunth, nov. gen. & sp.

plant. 6. 214.t.556. Bentham plant. Hartweg. p. 36.

A hardy shrub, raised by the Horticultural Society from
seeds collected in Mexico by Mr. Hartweg. It was found
very common on the sandstone hills near Regla, fruiting in
October and flowering in May. It appears to be a genuine
Cotoneaster, and is the first species of the genus observed in
the New World. The leaves are scarcely an inch long,
rounded at the point and slightly toothed there, whence its
specific name ; on the upper side they are dark green, on the
under side grey with down. The flowers are small, and
white or pink, in little terminal corymbs somewhat larger
than the leaves.

59. CORNÚS grandis. Schlechtendahl in Linnea, v. 171. & ix. 604.

Bentham plant. Hartweg. p. 38. no. 293.

Whether or not this fine Dogwood is hardy is at present
uncertain. It is to be hoped that it will prove so, for it has
a beautiful foliage ; the leaves being from three to five inches
long, smooth and deep green above, hoary with down on the
under side. ‘The fruit seems as large as a sloe, and purplish
black, covered with bloom. The flowers are in small heads,
and are probably not conspicuous. It has been raised by the
' Horticultural Society, from Mexican seeds sent home by Mr.
Hartweg, who found it in ravines near Chico, where it formed
a small tree or shrub; it had previously been met with by
Deppe and Schiede near Xalapa. :

60. LOPEZIA lineata. Zuccarin. pl. nove fasc. 2.31. Bentham plant.

Hartweg. p. 37. no. 287.

A very pretty greenhouse shrub, loaded with a profusion
of pale red flowers during all the winter and early spring.
The Horticultural Society have raised it from Mr. Hartweg’s
seeds, it having been found by that collector in the form of a
shrub four to five feet high, in a place called the ** Banco,”
for an explanation of the meaning of which I shall be obliged

to any of my Mexican friends. A figure of it will soon ap-
pear in this work.

31

61. SOLANUM betaceum. Cav. ic. vol. 6. t. 524.

This plant is noticed for the sake of identifying it with
the “ Tree Tomato,” which has appeared in several collec-
tions, from seeds gathered in the woods of Tucuman by Mr.
Tweedie. It was long ago figured in the Botanist’s Repo-
sitory, t. 511, and was afterwards lost. It is a tall coarse
weedy looking plant, with large heart-shaped leaves, and little
axillary racemes of pale violet flowers. It has no beauty
whatever ; but its name seems to indicate the fruit being used
for sauces; it has not ripened here that I know of.

Endlicher’s Genera Plantarum. (See Bot. Reg. misc. 1839. p. 40.)

There is great satisfaction in being able to announce that
this highly important work will probably be completed in the
course of the present year. The twelfth part, published in
Vienna in November last, has reached this country, and goes
as far as genus 5213 Arversia, in the midst of Caryophyllez.
The whole of the manuscript of the body of the work has been
some time in the printer’s hands, and the Supplement, a very
important part, is now engaging the learned author’s constant
attention. When the work is fully before the public, it will
have placed systematic Botany in a better position than it has
been in since the appearance of the Genera Plantarum of
Jussieu, half a century ago. The recent appointment of Dr.
Endlicher to the charge of the Botanic garden of Vienna, as
the successor to the late Baron v. Jacquin, will be most grati-
fying to all the friends of science ; and the more so, as it was
the spontaneous and unsolicited act of the Emperor.

CATALEPSY * of Physostegia virginiana, Benth. (Dracocephalum virginia-

num. L.)

There are some curious and interesting remarks upon this
subject by Prof. Morren, in the Bulletin de l'Académie royale
de Bruxelles, no. 10 for 1836, of which the following is an
abstract, with the wording in some respects altered in conse-

* Catalepsy is defined to be a disease in which the nerves and power of
voluntary motion are suddenly suspended, the body and limbs of the patient
remaining unmoved in the situation in which they happen to be at the
moment of the attack, and readily receiving and retaining any other position
which is communicated to them by external force.

32

quence of the want of diagrams and drawings to illustrate the
author’s paper.

The inflorescence of this plant is a close spike. ‘The
flowers are opposite in pairs, in a decussate manner, and are
about three-quarters of the length of a calyx from each other.
The phenomenon consists in this, that if you turn a flower
standing in face of you so far to the right or left as to stand
over the next flower below it, it will retain its new position
without springing back again to its original place; and if it
is first bent to the right this will not prevent it being after-
wards bent to the left, but it may be moved at pleasure to one
side or the other within the limits of half the circle described
by the points of the flowers round the axis on which they
grow. What is called catalepsy in this plant is the power
which the flowers possess of maintaining themselves in a posi-
tion artificially given to them, without their elasticity bringing
them back to the point from which they were turned, as is
the case in all other plants.

This property is exceedingly striking when observed for
the first time, and converts the Physostegia, which has tall
erect stems, covered with long spikes of flowers, into a natural
Vane, whose corollas indicate the direction of the wind with
great precision.

This cataleptic property is only preserved by the flowers
when moved horizontally ; if raised up and down, they spring
back to their original position with considerable force. They
even oscillate, in recovering their place, with great rapidity,
which shows that their stalks are, at least in a vertical direc-
tion, provided with a high degree of irritability. Similar
results are obtained from moving the flowers in all other di-
rections except the horizontal, to which the cataleptic effect
1s confined. It is moreover exceedingly remarkable that the
effect should be limited to the period of flowering ; neither be-
fore that time, when the flower buds are pressed upon by their
bracts, nor afterwards when the pedicels are directed obliquely
upwards, is the phenomenon observable; so that it appears
evident that this catalepsy is limited to the time of fertilization ;
1t favours the projection of pollen upon the stigma by the
shocks communicated to the corolla by the wind, in displacing
it and striking it against other flowers ; and M. Morren
regards it as one of the numerous physiological efforts which

33

are manifested in such infinite variety at the time of fer-
tilization.

. M. DeCandolle, who has noticed this phenomena, ascribes
it, with some doubt, to the ** low degree of elasticity resident in
the flower stalk,” (Physiologie Végétale, 1. 14) ; M. Morren's
researches have led him to a very different conclusion. He
found that the non-elasticity of the flower-stalk, when moved
horizontally, exists only so long as it adheres to the stem, and
that when it is cut off it indicates abundant elasticity in all
directions ; and the eventual result of his enquiries was that,
after all, the catalepsy of this plant is only sham. I now quote
the author literally.—** In fact, if the flower-stalk is elastic
when cut off, why should it be cataleptie while adhering to the
stem? I therefore removed from a stem, with very sharp
scissors, a bract quite down to its base; I then turned the
flower to the right, when it sprang back to the left, and vice
versa ; so that under these circumstances the elasticity was
restored and the catalepsy gone. This curious experiment,
the precise and positive result of which was really surprising,
always succeeded ; and if an observer were not to push his en-
quiries any further, he would conclude that the phenomenon
is dependent upon the bracts ; it will be seen that in point of
fact there is no catalepsy at all."

Other experiments shewed that by cutting away half a
bract, dividing it from the point to the base through the mid-
rib, the flower recovered its elasticity on the side whence the
bract was removed, but remained destitute of it on the side
where the bract was uninjured ; so that by such a contri-
vance, a flower can be brought into a state of elasticity on one
side and of catalepsy on the other! It is however necessary
to cut away the bract down to the point of its insertion, other-
wise the apparent catalepsy is not destroyed.

M. Morren observes that these curious phenomena are
wholly dependent upon the peculiar arrangement and propor-
tion of the flower-stalks and bracts, and that they are merely
mechanical. It appears that each pedicel reposes in a bract
channelled like a gutter, and that its length is a trifle more
than half the breadth of the bract at its base, and it is in this
cireumstance that the whole secret lies. The bract is much
more rigid than the flower-stalk, is immoveable, and is placed
close to the flower ; when the flower is turned to one side the
base of the calyx, which forms a projection above the flower

E. May, 1840. e

34

stalk, slips over the edge of the bract, catches there, and the
force of the flower-stalk being less than the resistance of the
bract, it cannot be pulled back again by any power of its own.
After flowering the flower-stalk becomes more woody and
stronger, and thus is able to recover itself if it catches against
the edge of the bract, which is however not likely to happen,
because it is raised upwards beyond contact with that organ.

In conclusion, M. Morren compares the mechanism which
causes the apparent catalepsy of Physostegia to the escape-
ment of a watch, where a hooked lever stops the wheel and
regulates the movements.

62. IRIS deffera. See no. 42, page 25, of the miscellaneous matter of
this volume.

Upon the subject of this plant I have received the follow-
ing memorandum from the Hon. and Rev: W. Herbert, who
is specially attending to the whole order Iridacez.

* Having just received the new No. of the Register, I see
your quotation of Iris deflexa with erroneous statements con-
cerning it, extracted from the Floral Cabinet. I have the
plant ; it came from Birmingham with that name, and I have
flowered it. I have also seen it in flower at Osborne’s nur-
sery, where it had endured the winter of 1838, as it has last
winter here. It is Iris nepalensis of the Bot. Register, and
identical with the specimens of Iris nepalensis from Kamoon.
It is utterly untrue that it is in any degree tender, and it has
no disposition to have a flexuous and deflexed stalk, which
was the consequence of cultivating a perfectly hardy plant
under glass supposing it to be tender. Furthermore it is a
variety of Iris Germanica, not distinguished by any feature
except the size and tint of the flower. I may take this oppor-
tunity of adding, that the plant figured in the Bot. Mag. as
Iris subbiflora is an Italian variety of Iris Germanica ; and
that the Lisbon Iris subbiflora, which I possess, is very diffe-
rent from it. The true name of the Iris figured in the Floral
Cabinet as deflexa is Iris Germanica, var. Nepalensis, see
Bot. Reg. 10. 818. It is forced with the same facility as the

European varieties, by introducing it for a few days into the
stove in February.”

=

r^

35

63. HYMENOCALLIS Harrisiana; (Herbert in litt.) “ scapo dodrantali
subglauco rotundaté compresso, spathá marcescente bracteata, germine
brevi sessili, loculis dispermis ovulis magnis oblongis, tubo quinqueun-
ciali viridi superne albo, laciniis angustis 3} uncialibus albis, coronà
semunciali alba dentibus parvis interstamineis, genitalibus superne leet?
viridibus, filamentis stylo $ limbo unciam brevioribus, polline saturaté
aureo, foliis tribus synanthiis unciam vel ultra latis utrinque attenuatis
subpetiolatis obtusé apiculatis lateribus canaliculato-inflexis scapo flo-
rendi tempore brevioribus, bulbo tunica brunneá rotundaté ovato diamet.
sesquiunciali Primo vere florida, vix odorata. Ex ditione Mexicana.”
« This species, very unlike any yet known, was imported

from Mexico by T. Harris, Esq. of the Grove, Kingsbury ;

and three bulbs of it, sent through his liberality to Spofforth,
flowered there with their first shoot in the stove at the be-
ginning of April. The seeds of this genus are apt to burst
the capsule, and become fully exposed to view in their pro-
gress to maturity; but in this species the singular pheno-
menon has appeared of one of the ovules, which are erect and
fill the cell of the germen, splitting it and forcing itself out,
twelve hours after the impregnation of the stigma, while the

flower was still fresh."—W. H.

64. RIGIDELLÁ fammea. See plate 16 of this volume.

“Since the article above referred to was written, 1 have
had an opportunity of again examining with care the structure
of this most curious flower, it having blossomed abundantly
in the garden of the Horticultural Society; an advantage
which I did not before possess, in consequence of my unwil-
lingness to pull in pieces even a single flower of so great a
rarity. This enables me to make an important addition to
its definition, which however is correct as far as 1t goes.

I now find that at the very bottom of the cup formed b
the convolution of the three scarlet leaves of the periant
there is a copious secretion of honey, and that immersed in
this substance are three small rudimentary petals, resembling
anthers at first sight. Each of these parts is four lines long,
yellowish orange, ovate, unguiculate, and erect, with the
sides rolled inwards, and on the upper and inner surface
bears a prodigious multitude of very small round semitrans-
parent bodies, closely packed together, and when viewed with
a magnifying power of 80 linear resembling a bed of the most
beautiful pearls. Upon applying @ magnifying power of 500
linear, and examining these bodies in water as transparent
objects, they are found to be simple stalked vesicles, contains

36

ing in their centre an apparently empty sac, free all round
except at the base; while the space between the sac and the
sides of the vesicle is filled with a very pale yellow fluid, in
which are suspended myriads of spheroidal molecules of in-
finite smallness, having a peculiar motion, as if carried along
by a general flow round the vesicle of the fluid in which they
lie. It is probable that this motion is a mere modification of
that which seems universal in the fluid of the hairs of plants ;
but want of leisure has prevented my examining it with more
attention. No doubt all this complicated apparatus is for
the purpose of elaborating the honey that is secreted in the
cup of the flower of Rigidella. The whole phenomenon is
exceedingly well worth the attention of some skilful micro-
scopical observer.

It is only necessary to add, that the following words
must be introduced into the generic character of Rigidella.
** Petala 3, nana, antheriformia, marginibus involutis, supra
glandulosa et melliflua, in fundo perianthii."

65. SOLANUM betaceum. See no. 61 of the miscellaneous matter of this
volume.

Mr. Martin Moyes, of the Durdham Down nursery near
Bristol, informs me that this plant has fruited with him for
several years, and that it is when in fruit very ornamental.
Last year it bore about thirty berries, which ripened in Sep-
tember, and hung upon the branches till the spring. Two
which he was so obliging as to send me were of a rich
purple colour, the size and form of a hen's egg ; and had a
very agreeable sub-acid taste. It is probable they would
really form a good addition to that class of vegetable produc-
tions from which sauces are obtained ; for they were free from
the peculiar animal flavour of the common Tomatoe, while
they possessed all its succulence, with the addition of a mild
and pleasant perfume.

66. BRASSIA verrucosa.

At the last meeting of the Horticultural Society in
Regent Street this beautiful plant was exhibited by Messrs.
Rollissons of Tooting. As it is intended for one of the plates
in Mr. Bateman’s “ Orchidacez of Mexico and Guatemala,”

it is only necessary here to state that it is a plant of a par-
ticularly graceful habit, and that the flowers are of a clear

37

greenish yellow, with a labellum curiously covered over all
the lower part with green warts.

67. CLEISOSTOMA maculosa. Lindl. gen. et sp. orch. 227.

Messrs. Loddiges have flowered this Orchidaceous plant,
from a specimen imported from Ceylon. It has the habit of
a small Vanda, with long-stalked spikes of small yellowish-
brown and pink roundish fleshy blossoms.

68. CYCLOGYNE canescens. Bentham in Botanical Register Appendix, Swan

River plants, p. xvi. no. 72.

This is a very beautiful herbaceous plant, of which speci-
mens have been raised from Swan River seeds by Mr. Hugh
Lowe of the Clapton nursery. It is a grey-leaved species,
with the habit and aspect of a Galega; its flowers are at
present only known from dried specimens, but they are ar-
ranged in long erect spikes towards the end of the branches,
are large, and appear to be violet or blue. It will be a very
pretty ornament to the conservatory and greenhouse.

69. ARCTOSTAPHYLOS nitida. Bentham plant. Hartweg. p. 66. no. 483.
A plant or two of this rare species has been raised in the
garden of the Horticultural Society, from seeds presented by
Geo. Frederick Dickson, Esq. It forms an evergreen bush,
with serrated shining evergreen leaves, and short erect ra-
cemes of flowers resembling those of the common Strawberry
tree. Should it prove hardy it will be a plant of considerable
value as an ornamental evergreen. Its fruit is unknown.

70. PHILADELPHUS mezicanus. Schlecht. in Linnwa, vol. 13. p. 418.

Benth. pl. Hartw. p. 61. no.458.

This is a kind of Syringa, with brown downy flexible
branches, ovate somewhat cordate leaves, coarsely hairy on
the under side, and either quite entire or only serrated in a
very slight degree at the margin. The flowers are large,
white, and in the native specimens are placed singly at the
end of the twigs. It promises to be a graceful plant, although
perhaps not of striking beauty. Young plants have been
raised from Mr. Hartweg’s seeds in the garden of the Horti-

cultural Society.

88

SOURCE OF THE DRUG CALLED TRAGACANTH.

The real origin of many of our officinal drugs is involved
in obscurity, or the statements made by authors concerning
them are in great need of confirmation, even when true.
The common gum called Tragacanth, brought to us from the
Levant, is no exception. Linneus evidently considered it to
be produced by the plant he called Astragalus Tragacantha,
a French species, called by the Botanists of that country A.
massiliensis ; but DeCandolle assures us that no gum what-
ever is furnished by that plant. Another species, the 4.
creticus, has been named as the source of the drug, and it
does appear that a small quantity is obtained from that spe-
cies in Candia; but certainly not the bulk of the samples of
commerce. Labillardiére relates that his A. gummifer fur-
nishes Tragacanth on Mount Lebanon; but the samples
obtained from thence are said to be not the same as those of
commerce, being white and more transparent, and dissolving
less readily in water. Finally, Olivier assures us that the
principal part of the Tragacanth used in Europe comes from
Astragalus verus, a Persian species. The only certain con-
clusion that can be drawn from these statements is, that Tra-
gacanth is a secretion from some sort of Astragalus belonging
to that curious division of the genus which consists of spiny
bushes.

The subject has been very recently investigated by James
Brant, Esq., H. M. consul at Erzeroum, who has sent ex-
cellent dried specimens of the Tragacanth plants of Koor-
distan to the Hon. W. F. Strangways, who has placed them
m my hands. One of these is labelled “The shrub that
yields the white or best variety of Gum Tragacanth,” and is
the 4. gummafer, a very pretty bush, unknown in the gardens
of Europe, and very much to be desired as an ornamental
plant. For it is covered with myriads of short spikes of
yellow flowers embedded in wool, and surrounded by bright
green smooth leaves. The specimen before me is little more
than a span across, and it has from 70 to 80 of such spikes.
Mr. Brant's other Tragacanth is labelled ** Shrub from which
the red or inferior species of Gum Tragacanth is produced."
This is quite a different plant, with hoary spiny leaves, and
little cone-like heads of flowers, whose feathery calyxes are as
long as the corollas. It is evidently very near the A. micro"

39

cephalus of Willdenow, of which I have seen no specimen,
but if the character given by that author or by DeCandolle
are to be relied upon, it must be different. By the latter it is
only separated from A. Barba Jovis, at the instance of Steven;
but if Mr. Brant’s species were intended it could never have
been joined with the latter, whose pods are described as
smooth. Willdenow speaks of the teeth of the calyx being
short, whereas in Mr. Brant’s plant they are unusually long,
and almost hide the corolla. Finally, the term mucronate
applied by these Botanists to the leaflets by no means ex-
presses the long rigid spine by which they are terminated.
It must therefore be regarded as a new species, of which
the characters are subjoined under the name of A. strobili-

ferus.

Hence it appears that the best Tragacanth is really fur-
nished by A. gummifer, as Labillardiére affirmed; that no
additional evidence as to the accuracy of Olivier’s statement
concerning A. verus has been obtained ; but that the exist-
ence of a third Tragacanth plant has been clearly ascertained.
The specific character of A. strobiliferus may be stated thus :

71. ASTRÁGÁLUS strobilife us ; floribus in strobilum ovatum sessilem axil-
larem capitatis, bracteis imbricatis apiculatis tomentosis, calycibus plu-
mosis 5-fidis: laciniis corollze sequalibus, foliolis 3-jugis lanatis ovalibus
apice aristatis glabris, basi angustatis. .

OAKS OF KOORDISTAN.

The same intelligent, traveller, to whose collections we
owe the preceding evidence concerning the origin of Traga-
canth, has sent home some most interesting specimens of the
Oaks of Koordistan; and it is not a little remarkable that
out of six or perhaps seven species in his herbarium, one
should be almost unknown to Botanists, and at least three
others not only quite new but of singular beauty as forest-
trees. As means have now been taken by Mr. Strangways
to procure the acorns of these valuable plants, we may expect
to see them in a year or two in our gardens, and therefore a
short account of them may be admitted into this work.

Quercus infectoria, producing the nut galls of the Levant,
from which ink is made ; another plant that may be a deeply
pinnatifid state of Q. sessiliflora, but probably quite distinct,
indeterminable, however, for want of acorns; and the Q.

40

rigida of Willdenow, a beautiful species of extreme rarity,
form those referred to, as being more or less known.

Those which are evidently new, are the following —

72. QUERCUS mannifera (Robora) ; ramulis glabris, foliis petiolatis oblongis
subcordatis incisis lobis obtusis supra glabris subtus pubescentibus,
gemmis foemineis ovalibus sessilibus aggregatis imbricatis glabris.
Although no acorns or cups are present on the specimens,

no doubt can, I think, be entertained that this plant is speci-
fically distinct from our Q. sessiliflora, with which alone it
can be confounded. The leaves are much thinner and larger ;
and their petioles and veins exhibit no trace of the yellowness
so characteristic of our own wild plant. It derives its name
from the following circumstance, which I give in the words
of Mr. Brant.

“ The Koordistan Manna oozes from the upper surface of
the leaves of this oak, during the hottest months of the year.
The natives cut the branches and steep them in boiling water
until the manna is entirely dissolved ; they are then taken
out, and the fluid evaporated to the consistence of thick
honey. When cool it is shaped into flat round cakes, which
are sold as a sweetmeat. The trees produce it only every
fourth or fifth year ; no galls are gathered from them ; and
I was told that it had no purgative properties. An Arme-
nian doctor at Van informed me that he had frequently pre-
scribed it to nurses to promote the flow of milk : the largest
dose administered by him at a time was of 71 drams avoirdu-
pois. The natives call it Ghezen-ghevée, Ghiok-helvahsée,
and Koodret-helvahsée ; and from the circumstance of its
being found on the upper surface of the leaves, as well as
upon stones, pretend that it drops from the sky; hence the
appellation of ** Ghiok-helvahsée” (the sweetmeat of heaven).

_.“ The Willows at Van, while I was there, were covered
with a syrupy fluid, which in taste and appearance exactly
resembled the Oak-manna; and the Doctor said that it was
the production of a small insect (I believe a species of bug),
which was common on these trees.”

. The manna itself, of which I have received a good quantity,

1s much mixed with impurities, but it has a very sweet

taste, with the mucilaginous quality of gum, and the stickiness
of boiled sugar. What its chemical composition may be,
will I hope be ascertained by my friend, Mr. Edward Solly,

p QUUM

"bison

41

to whom I have given a. portion, or by some other observer.
At a temperature much below that of boiling water, it becomes
fluid, and may be easily made into such cakes as Mr. Brant
speaks of. When cold it is hard and brittle.

73. QUERCUS regia (Ilices ?) ramulis glabris, foliis petiolatis ovato-lanceo-
latis cordatis grossé inciso-dentatis undulatis utrinque nitidis viridibus
glaberrimis: dentibus lobisque aristatis.

Of this species also there are no traces of fruit, and its
general appearance is very much that of the Spanish Chesnut.
Its buds, however, shew it to be a Quercus and not a Cas-
tanea. It is certainly the finest Oak I know, its beautiful
dark green shining leaves being as much as nine inches long,
by three inches broad at the heart-shaped base. The leaf-
stalks are almost three-quarters of an inch long. It probably
belongs to the same section of the genus as Q. rigida.

74. QUERCUS Brantii (Ilices ?) ramis petiolis foliisque subter dens? et mol-
litér tomentosis, foliis cordatis ovatis aristato-dentatis acutis super stel-
lato-pubescentibus cinereisque.

No doubt can be entertained as to this being also a spe-
cies totally unknown prior to Mr. Brant's discovery of it.
The fruit is however still a desideratum. It is a most re-
markable plant, the full-grown leaves being six inches long
including the petiole, and three inches and a half across at the
widest part, which is near the base. They are as downy as
those of a young plum tree; and the plant must, in a live
state, be altogether unlike any of the species now in cultivation.
It may be perhaps compared to a Quercus Ballota, with the
leaves decupled in size. It need scarcely be added, that a
name has been given it in compliment to its zealous disco-
verer. Alas for civilization ! that we do not know what even
the forest trees are of countries whose history is coeval with
that of the human race. But it is to be feared that Botanical
collectors, while they hunt with all diligence and surprising
sharpsightedness after microscopical curiosities, acquire a
sort of false vision, which renders them incapable of perceiv-
ing any thing else; they cannot find the trees of the forest

because they are so large.

WISTARIA (or Glycine) SINENSIS.

A magnificent specimen of this plant, 180 feet long, and’
covering about 1800 square feet of wall, has been for some

E. June, 1840. J

42

time an object of great interest in the garden of the Horti-
cultural Society, where hundreds of persons have visited it
and admired its piles of lilac-coloured fragrant flowers. The
following little calculation will serve to shew how wonderful
is the evidence afforded by this single specimen of the creative
power of Nature.

The number of branches was about 9000, and of flowers
675,000. Each flower consisting of 5 petals, the number of
those parts was 3,375,000. Each flower contained 10 stamens,
or the whole mass of flowers 6,750,000. Each ovary con-
tained about 7 ovules, so that preparation was made for the
production of 4,050,000 seeds, for the purpose of fertilizing
which the anthers, if perfect, would have contained about
27,000,000,000 pollen grains. Had all the petals been placed
end to end they would have extended to the distance of more
than thirty-four miles.

Physiological Works of the late Thomas Andrew Knight, Esq.

It will be satisfactory to those occupied in physiological
researches to learn, that there is in preparation for imme-
diate publication a selection from the papers and correspon-
dence of the late Mr. Knight. That these materials are in very
good hands I have no doubt; but 1 must beg to contradict,
as wholly destitute of foundation, the statement made in some
of the newspapers that they are confided to my care.

75. CORYANTHES speciosa; var. alba.

A pale, indeed almost white, variety of this extraordinary
plant has lately flowered in the collection of Thomas Brockle-
hurst, Esq. of the Fence, near Macclesfield, who obtained it
from Demerara. Mr. Appleby, the gardener at the Fence,
informs me that the pseudo-bulbs are four in number, five
inches long, tapering from the root to the insertion of the
leaf, and deeply furrowed; the leaves are sixteen inches
long, of a very long oval shape in the widest part, which is
near the middle, one inch and three-quarters wide, deeply
ribbed, and of a light green colour. The flower-stalk is one
foot to the first flower and four inches beyond it, bearing four
flowers. He thinks it probable that the flowers will be more
numerous and larger as the plant becomes stronger. The

43

appearance of the plant is described as being intermediate
between C. macrantha and maculata.

76. POLEMONIUM caruleum; var. grandiflorum.

_ A beautiful variety of this common flower has been raised
in the garden of the Horticultural Society, from seed received
from India through the East India Company. It is rather

taller than usual, and the flowers, which are blue, are nearly

three times as large as those of the common kind. Itisa
fine addition to the stock of biennial flowers.

77. THALICTRUM cultratum. Wallich.

This is an hardy herbaceous plant, of no beauty, raised in
the garden of the Horticultural Society, from seed obtained
from the Himalayas through the East India Company. It
has a slender glaucous stem, from two to three feet high ;
ovate, glaucous, reticulated leaflets; and greenish-yellow
flowers scattered over somewhat horizontal racemes.

78. TANACETUM longifolium. Wallich.

Another weedy plant from the Himalayas, introduced by
the Hon. East India Company. It has finely cut light green
leaves, a stem one and a half to two feet high, and rather
large capitula of rayless yellow flowers. _It is not at all worth
cultivation, except in a Botanic Garden.

GUATEMALA ORCHIDACEA.

Mr. Skinner, a gentleman resident in Guatemala, and
well known as a very liberal and enthusiastic naturalist, has
lately sent several valuable collections of Orchidaceous plants
to his correspondents in this country, which have generally
arrived in the most healthy state. Amongst others Mr.
Harris of Kingsbury has received a portion, which Mr. Beaton
informs me were in such excellent condition as to be little the
worse for their journey; a circumstance probably owing to
the plants having been nailed to the sides of the boxes, with
the interstices packed with Tillandsia. Mr. Beaton has found
dry sawdust answer the same purpose. This at least 1s cer-
tain that moss, from its hygrometrical quality, is the worst of
all materials. Mr. Harris having placed in my hands the -
dried specimens transmitted with the plants, together with
Mr. Skinner’s valuable observations upon the climate which

44.

they affect, I have made the following selection from the cor-
respondence, which cannot fail to possess the greatest interest
for all growers of Orchidaces.

79. ONCIDIUM leucochilim ;
80. STANHOPEÂ oculata ;

“This plant inhabits the higher temperatures, and I
should recommend for its cultivation in Europe that it should
not be kept in a temperature colder than 55°, or warmer
than 70°; well watered from June to September every after-
noon; and from October to May inclusive only slightly wa-
tered every evening at sundown, to resemble our dews, not,
it must be recollected, so heavy as people represent them in
Europe—the region being high, and very different to a coast
climate. The seasons here are the same as in England, the
coldest weather December, January, and February ; on the
25th, 26th, and 27th of December, 1839, the thermometer

has growing on the same branch.

at six o'clock in the morning in the open air for three days `

averaged 36° Fahr. and yet Oncidium leucochilum continued
to shoot its young stems. Flowers in February and March.”

81. EPIDENDRUM Skinner.

., This plant inhabits also a middling temperature, and
will thrive best in a*climate graduated from 56° to 70. Do
not put this plant in earth, but permit it to have free scope

for young roots and shoots, which it will throw out in
August.”

82. EPIDENDRUM aurantiacum.

“Same habitat as Oncidium leucochilum, always found
together ; only that this plant seeks exposure, and therefore
is subject to greater extremes of heat and cold; the finest

masses however are always found on the steep brows of rocky
barrancas—thus however rarely ‘come-at-able,’ ” i

men bore last month fifteen flowers on one stem.

83. CATTLEYA Skinner.

45

some of the large forest trees. It should be well watered
daily, to represent the heavy dews and the rains, which latter
are from May to November. I should recommend on what-
ever you may grow this plant, it may not imbibe too much of
the extra moisture, as its habitat being on branches of large
trees seldom having any lichen, the heavy rains do not lay.
his flower does not seek too much shade, but rather, like
* Epid. aurantiacum,’ exposed places. Climate 80° to 85°, and
sometimes 95°, during the day. Flowers in January and
February ; vulgarly called * Flor de San Sebastian,” from its
being in season, and adorning the altars on that saint's day
(20th of January).”

84. EPIDENDRUM (Encyclia) incumbens; floribus dens? paniculatis, sepalis
linearibus patentissimis basi angustatis, petalis conformibus. sed pauló
latioribus, labelli postici lobis lateralibus triangularibus acuminatis inter-
medio subrotundo-ovato apiculato venis elevatis cristato, callis duobus
oblongis secus unguem.

A plant “ with a peculiarly graceful flower,” having the

same locality as Oncidium leucochilum. It is very near O.

alatum, oncidioides, and the rest of the panicled Encyclias.

85. EPIDENDRUM macrochilum.

« This plant inhabits the coast, where only it thrives in
perfection. It flowers in February, March, and April. A
constant attendant on Cattleya Skinneri, and will require much
the same treatment. Vulgarly called ‘ Boca del dragón,"
* Dragon's mouth.’ ”

86. CYRTOCHILUM maculatum; var. Russelianum.

This is certainly one of the many fine varieties of Cyrto-
chilum maculatum, with very large richly spotted flowers.
Mr. Skinner calls it C. Russelii, and gives the following ac-
count of it. “Its habitat. is cold climate, and its treatment
will be the same as that of Oncidium leucochilum ; it luxuri-
ates amongst pines, but only attached to oaks. No plants of
the Orchidez tribe are ever found on pines, except Catasetum
towards the north coast, but then these plants form such a
mass of hairy roots as to secure them completely from the in-
fluence of the pitch that, in all hot climates, constantly oozes
from the pines. Climate 65° to 70°, generally.”

46

87. LELÍA superbiens ; scapo longissimo multifloro, sepalis petalisque line-
ari-oblongis obtusis membranaceis labello longioribus, labelli lobo medio
obtusissimo: disco lamellis quinque maximis subserratis anticê truncatis
aucto, anthere cristâ biauritá, clinandrio denticulato.

Of this fine new species Mr. Skinner speaks in the fol.
lowing manner. ** Saw you ever any thing like this!!! This
most magnificent of all plants I have sent several times, it is
decidedly Epidendrea, but I expect it will get a new title in
Europe. It flowers in November, and in some instances bears
from eighteen to twenty flowers on stems from nine to twelve
feet long!! Mr. Hartweg says he found this plant in great
abundance in the State of Quesaltenango, near Chantla, and
that he went forty leagues out of his route to find it, and
now he has sent splendid masses of it to England, and at
least thirty dried specimens. I have found it most rarely and
evidently planted by the Indians before their doors, in
* Acatenango,” from whence I brought the specimen now sent,
and in ‘Sumpango,’ where I found it twelve months ago;
also from Costa Rica. Chantla, its native habitat, is very
cold, in fact this plant I expect will reguire only a greenhouse
warmth. Its habitat in Costa Rica is 68° to 70%, where I have
found it here 70°, but Chantla is-55 to 65° generally.”

88. EPIDENDRUM Stamfordianum.

* This plant inhabits only the coast, shady, very moist
lands. Flowers in November, and in different temperatures
until March, I having found it in flower at all times in
different journeys. The north coast is very hot and wet, and
the dry weather commences in March; I found it in flower
in April there. On this side (south coast) dry weather com-
mences in October ; I found it in flower in November. You
may therefore treat this plant as you would the Cattleya, its
habitat on this side being from the same temperature, only it
requires more wet.”

89. BRASSAVOLA glauca.

“ A splendid large white flower, and a most extraordinary
strong aromatic; is the companion on oaks of the Cyrto-
chilum Russelii, and must be treated in the same manner.”

90. HEXOPIA crucigera. Bateman mss.
** Climate 68° to 75°, and 65° to 70°.

R)

47

91. EPIDENDRUM rhizophorum.
* Climate 70°.”

92. ASPASIA epidendroides.
« Very sweet; habitat ‘ Escuintla,” and * Medio Monte.’
Flowers in January and February. Climate 75° and 80°.”
This same plant had previously been sent by Mr. Skinner
from Costa Rica.

93. EPIDENDRUM aromaticum.
«Flowers in February and March. Habitat * Acate-
nango,” * Duenas,’ ‘ Mixco,” ‘ Naranjo,’ &c. Climate 60° and

Go

94. ODONTOGLOSSUM grande; sepalis lanceolatis lateralibus convexis
falcatis petalisque oblongis obtusiusculis latioribus subundulatis, labello
subrotundo basi auriculato sepalis plus dupld breviore: tuberculis basi
tribus corrugatis aliisque lateralibus dentiformibus minoribus, column

tomentose marginibus rotundatis convexis incurvis.

“This is the finest plant we have in Orchidacez in this
country. ‘The present specimen is a fine mass, and I hope
may arrive safe. Climate 60° and 70°. I recommend not
too much heat; it seldom gets a climate reaching 70°, and
thrives best in damp shades, with perhaps 60°, rather than
beyond that.”

Certainly this is a most extraordinary plant. Its habit is
altogether that of Odontoglossum, with which its unguiculate
lip and peculiar column also correspond; but the tubercles
at the base of the lip are those of Oncidium. The dried
flowers measure sir inches and a half from the tip of the
petals, and are doubtless shrunk in the process of aes:
They look something like an enormous Maxillaria, and ap-

ear to have been of a uniform yellow or white colour ; but
of this I cannot very well judge. Two flowers grew together
on a scape, which in the specimens before me is not more
than five inches long. Mr. Skinner thinks that the reason
why the plants he has formerly sent home have not flourished,
is because they have been kept too warm.

95. ONCIDIUM ornithorhynchum.
« Habitat shady damp places, climate 68° to 70" and 75°;
flowers in December and November.”

48

96. HARTWEGIA purpurea.
** Climate varied from 56° to 75°.”

97. ONCIDIUM ampliatum. |
“ From Costa Rica; found there on the sea shore in the
Gulf of Nicaya; since found throughout the coasts of Nica-

ragua, and also in the Escuintla, 15 leagues from this city;
climate 80° to 85°; flowers in February.”

98. CYCNOCHES ventricosum.

** Habitat 80° to 859, but found in a climate of 70 to 73
much superior. |

99. CATASETUM maculatum.
* Habitat 75° and 80. Flowers in J uly.”

100. TRIGONIDIUM Zgertonianum.
“ Habitat 75° and 80”. Flowers in April.”

101. MAXILLARIA Skinneri (Bateman mss.); pedunculis radicalibus?
bracteá flori proximá ovata cucullatà acuminatâ sepalis dupló breviore,
sepalis oblongis acutis glabris lateralibus majoribus basi parüm productis
intüs villosis, petalis subrhombeis velutinis sepalo supremo brevioribus,
labelli lobis lateralibus truncatis glabris intermedio ovato obtuso apicu-
lato pubescente: laminá retusá transversâ infra lobum medium venisque
Sparse villosis, columná elongatá tomentosa.

“ This is the finest Maxillaria I ever saw. It has a
gentle odour ; but the lip is magnificent purply white, with
centre tigered in deep rose colour. Flowers in December
and January, and even in April have I seen it. Habitat
68° and 75°. Terrestrial.”

Nearly allied to M. Harrisonim. Diameter of the flower
from tip to tip of the lateral sepals four inches and a half.

102. POLYSTACHYA bracteosa ; foliis obovato-oblongis acutis in petiolum
carinatum angustatis, racemo tomentoso elongato cernuo basi ramoso,
bracteis foliaceis acuminatissimis squarrosis, sepalis villosis, labelli ciliati
trilobi per medium villosi lobo medio ovato acutiusculo.

A drooping flowered Polystachya, with orange coloured
flowers, imported from Sierra Leone by Messrs. Loddiges.
Its leafy tapering squarrose bracts and downy flowers readily
distinguish it from the rest of the genus.

49

103. EPIPHORA pubescens. Lindl. in Comp. to Bot. Mag. v. 2. p. 201.

This very rare little Orchidaceous plant, originally found
by Dr. Burchell in the Caffre country, and afterwards col-
lected by Drége, has lately flowered with Messrs. Loddiges,
who imported it from Delagoa Bay. It grows about 6 inches
high, and has an ancipitous flexuose scape, terminated by a
few fragrant bright yellow flowers streaked with red. It
approaches very near to the genus Polystachya, next to
which, among Vandes, it must be placed in any future ar-
rangement. [t is an epiphyte. The inside of the little
trident-shaped lip is bearded with long hairs.

104. SPREKELIA glauca; foliis linearibus glaucis, floribus solitariis cer-
nuis, sepalis medio albo-vittatis lateralibus parüm convolutis petalisque
lanceolatis apice recurvis subeegualibus.

A beautiful new Jacobea lily, discovered in Mexico by
Mr. Hartweg. It flowered in the garden of the Horticultu-
ral Society, in May, 1840. ‘The leaves are very narrow and
glaucous; the flowers are paler than those of the old Jacobzea
lily, much smaller, and have a pale streak along the middle

of the sepals.

105. PASSIFLORA verrucifera ; ($ Granadilla) foliis glabris trilobis serratis
basi subacutis, petiolis apice biglandulosis, bracteis sepalisque margine
glandulis verruciformibus auctis, corone radiis subulatis petalis bre-

vioribus.

A very curious greenhouse Passion-flower, related to the
P. incarnata and edulis, but readily distinguished by its sepals
and bracts bearing deep green wart-like glands upon the
margin. The flowers are pale green, with a bright purple
filamentous crown. It lowered in April last with Mr. Harris.

The native country is unknown.

106. CIRRHOPETALUM picturatum (G. Loddiges); pseudobulbis oblongis
angulatis, folio oblongo convexo emarginato, floribus umbellatis, sepalo
supremo ciliato setaceo-acuminato lateralibus oblongis obtusis, petalis
acuminatissimis ciliatis villosis, labello lineari recurvo secus medium
elevato, columnee auriculis obtusis integris.

A pretty little Indian plant with purple flowers, growing
in flat umbels, and deeply stained with dark red. Its
habit is that of a Bolbophyllum, its scape from 5 to 6 inches
high. Communicated by Messrs. Loddiges.

F. July, 1840. y. >

50

107. CIRRHOPETALUM auratum ; pseudobulbis oblongis angulatis, folio
oblongo convexo, floribus umbellatis, sepalo supremo petalisque setaceo-
acuminatis fulvo-ciliatis lateralibus acutis, labello lineari recurvo, columnee
auriculis rotundatis integris.

Sent to Messrs. Loddiges from Manilla, by Mr. H. Cum-
ing. Itis very like the last, but much larger in the flowers,
which are fringed with golden yellow hairs, which gives them
‘an appearance distinct from that of the last, where they are

deep purple.

108.. ONCIDIUM pallidum ; pseudobulbis obcordatis compressis marginatis,
folis acuté carinatis convexis oblongis ccsiis, scapo erecto paniculato,
sepalis petalisque oblongis: obtusis liberis, labelli auriculis rotundatis
lobo intermedio cuneato-obovato emarginato angustioribus, disci basi
glandulosi appendice 5-partitâ: laciniis cornutis egualibus pubescenti-

bus, columnee alis brevissimis obliqué truncatis.

A very pretty Orchidaceous plant, obtained from the
Brazils by Messrs. Lucombe, Pince, and Co. of Exeter.
The leaves are sea-green like those of Maxillaria Rollissonii ;
the panicle is almost a foot long, and the flowers are in colour
similar to O. divaricatum. It is very near O. Harrisonianum.

109. STANHOPEA Martiana (J. B.); foliis anguste lanceolatis acutis race-
mo paucifloro longioribus, sepalis petalisque paulo angustioribus ovatis
obtusis, hypochilio brevi sessili saccato utrinque cornubus maximis por-
rectis apice cirrhosis sub-incurvis instructo, epichilio oblongo lcevigato ob-
scuré 3-dentato apice subreflexo cornubus hypochilii breviorevel subeeguali,
columnee subclavatee marginibus parúm dilatatis. Bateman in litt.

** A native of Mexico, discovered by Baron Karwinski in
1827, and sent by him to Knypersley, where it flowered for the
first time in May of the present year. It is one of the most
distinct and magnificent species of the extraordinary genus to
which it belongs, and in the magnitude of its blossoms is
second only to jS. tigrina. The sepals are straw-coloured,
faintly and sparingly marked with clusters of little vinous
dots, the petals appear transparent white, with large spots of
Intense crimson, the lip is also a clear ivory white, except a
slight discoloration at the base. — It is however in the horns
of the latter member that the most striking peculiarity of the
Species consist. These are of great size and strength, and
might with propriety be likened to elephant tusks, their ex-
tremities moreover are twisted into small cirrhi, a circum-
stance wholly without precedent in the genus Stanhopea.
The nearest affinity of the plant is perhaps S. saccata, but

iiw

WAN

Uc ter

51

the points of distinction between the two species are so nu-

merous and obvious, that itis not necessary to contrast them.
The name of Martiana, which I have given to the species,
is designed, 1 need scarcely say, to compliment the illustrious
Professor of Botany at Munich. Mrs. Withers has prepared
a figure which will appear in an early number of ‘The Orchi-
dacew of Mexico and Guatemala.”

For the foregoing note I am indebted to Mr. Bateman.

110. DENDROBIUM revolutum ; caulibus obtusê ancipitibus, foliis ovato-
oblongis obtusis apice obliquis emarginatis basi subcarinatis, floribus so-
litariis oppositifoliis, sepalis petalisque acutissimis revolutis, labello car- .
noso convexo obtuso subtrilobo aut rhombeo per medium exarato (s. la-
mellis duabus inflexis parallelis instructo) lineis tribus discoloribus.

A néw species imported from Sincapore, by Mr. Cuming.

I have received it both from Mr. Barker of Birmingham,

and Messrs. Loddiges. The flowers are straw-coloured, and

about the size of those of D. Pierardi, but their lip is fleshy,
convex, almost lozenge-shaped, and marked with 3 brown
lines. It is not very pretty, but it is very distinct from any

previously described.

111. DENDROBIUM teres; caulibus gracilibus glabris, foliis carnosis tere-
tibus obtusis, racemo terminali nudo, bracteis coriaceis spathaceis, flori-
bus semiclausis longé cornutis, sepalis petalisque erectis acuminatis,
labello cuneato apice truncato serrulato longiüs cuspidato: venis tribus
pone apicem subcristatis, eolumnâ versus basin dente deflexo aucta.

Another importation from Sincapore, for which 1 am
indebted to Messrs. Loddiges. It is a slender plant, with
the leaves of Vanda teres, and whitish fragrant flowers in
terminal naked racemes. The lip is deeply stained with

orange inside near the apex.

112. DINEMA paleaceum ; pseudobulbis ovalibus compressis monophyllis,
folis ensiformibus obtusiusculis planis spicà pauciflorà longioribus,
bracteis lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis paleaceis ovario lentiginoso brevi-

oribus, floribus secundis, sepalis petalisque lineari-lanceolatis patulis,

labello petalis equali et subconformi carnoso apice dilatato per medium

sulcato.
A Guatemala plant, imported by Mr. Bateman, to whom

1 am indebted for a specimen. Ít has pale straw,coloured
flowers, of little beauty, and is only interesting as confirming
the goodness of the genus Dinema, whose character however
depends upon the number of pollen straps being 2, not 4
as in Epidendrum ; the horn-like processes of the column,

92

on which 1 formerly placed some reliance, are apparently
only of specific value.

113. DENDROCHILUM filiforme; pseudobulbis conicis (ex Dom. Bateman),
scapo filiformi terminali elongato, racemi multiflori rachi angulatá sub-
flexuosá, bracteis paleaceis convolutis ovario egualibus, petalis obovatis,
labello cuneato rotundato basi auriculato integro intús bilineato, column
appendicibus subulatis glabris liberis columnée longitudine.

This, the first living specimen seen in Europe, of Blume's
genus Dendrochilum, has flowered with Mr. Bateman, from
a plant discovered in Manilla, by Mr. Cuming. It has the
habit of a Bolbophyllum, with very minute greenish brown
flowers, arranged in a spike, 6 inches long, upon a terminal
thread-like scape about one-half that length. In affinity the
genus is nearest Liparis; but the column is furnished on
each side with a lateral-process, apparently representing the
two stamens usually suppressed in Orchidacem; and this is
a sound mark of distinction, independent of the flowers being
nearly regular, and not ringent. The species is very near
D. simile, from which the form of the labellum separates it,
according to Blume’s figure; and it must also be closely
allied to D. cornutum of the same author ; but it has neither

fusiform pseudobulbs, nor elongated lateral column-pro-
cesses.

114. ABUTILON vitifolivm. (Sida vitifolia. Cav. Ic. 5. €. 428. DC.

Prodr. 1.471.)

Dor the introduction of this noble evergreen plant, which
in Ireland is hardy, and which will probably be nearly so in
England, the country is indebted to Capt. Cottingham, a
zealous Irish Horticulturist. The following note concerning
1t has been received from Mr. Mackay, of the College Bo-
tanic Garden, Dublin.

* I herewith send you specimens of an Abutilon, of which
my friend Capt. Cottingham sent lately a small plant to the
Horticultural Garden. ^ It was first raised by him about four
years ago, and a plant of it, from which the flowers and leaves
Í now send you were taken, has stood in a south border, with-
out any protection, for the last three years in our garden, as
it has also done with Capt. Cottingham. It forms a handsome
small tree about six feet high, and probably grows to a much
greater size in Chili, which is its native country, and from
whence Capt, Cottingham procured the seeds, from which it

Ki ferc E

Da tier or
—
€

53

was raised. The flowers when fully expanded are white,
but in drying change into azurean blue. It agrees very well
with the description of Sida vitifolia of DeCandolle’s Pro-
dromus, vol. 1. p. 471.

« The flowers are large, as stated by DeCandolle, but not
rose coloured, in our plant. It may however vary as to
colour.”

From the specimens before me the leaves appear to be as
large as those of the Vine, and the flowers, which grow in
umbels, are fully three inches in diameter. A figure of it
will appear hereafter.

115. SALVIA Aans. Bentham Labiatarum Genera & Species, 219.

A very fine species of Sage, with large deep blue flowers
and a white lip, resembling those of S. bicolor, but far more
handsome, and with coarsely wrinkled sagittate leaves. lt
is a beautiful hardy perennial, for which we are indebted to
the Hon. Court of Directors of the East India Company.
Flowers in May and June, and grows about two feet high.

116. TRIFOLIUM involucratum. Willd. Benth. Plant. Hartweg. no. 54.
An herbaceous perennial plant with narrow leaves, loose
prostrate shoots, and numerous heads of gay lemon-coloured
flowers, raised from the Mexican seeds of Mr. Hartweg, in
the garden of the Horticultural Society, proves to be this
species, by some confounded with 7. tridentatum. It is
pretty, and would make an excellent plant for rock-work.

117. CLEOME lutea. Hooker Flora Boreali-Americana, 1. 70, t. 25.

A very pretty neat herbaceous hardy plant, with a stem
about two feet high, quinate leaves, and terminal clustered
yellow flowers, with long stamens. It is described as an
annual, and probably would flower like one; but 1t seems
rather to be a biennial. It has been raised in the garden of
the Horticultural Society, from seeds collected in North-west
America, and presented by H. Moreton Dyer, Esq. V.P.H.5.

118. ACONITUM ovatum ; caule erecto pyramidato pubescente, foliis am-
lexicaulibus cordatis ovatis obtusis planis alté crenatis, pedicellorum
brectés 9 foliaceis concavis inflexis, galeà rotundatá, sepalis lateralibus

ovatis obtusis venosis, petalis apice reniformibus antice biauritis, ovariis
quinque tomentosis.
A very ugly, but a most curious plant, being no other

54

than a hardy Aconite, with undivided ( I) leaves, which are
merely crenated, and embrace the stems. It has been intro-
duced from Cashmere by the Hon. Court of Directors of the
East India Company. The flowers are in loose pyramidal
racemes, dull purplish green, and before they expand, there

1$ scarcely any thing to be seen except the round helmet.

119. EUTHALES macrophylla; caule erecto crasso ramoso, foliis oppositis
petiolatis oblongis dentatis, floribus laxé dichotomé paniculatis.

A very fine herbaceous plant from Swan River, with a
stout fleshy stem, 2 feet high, broad deep-green leaves, 6
inches long, and large showy yellow and brown flowers.
Altogether it grows from 3 to 4 feet high. Flowered in the
garden of the Horticultural Society in May and June, from
seeds purchased of Mr. James Drummond, and it now seems
likely to go on producing its blossoms for two months longer.

UPON THE COLLECTING HAIRS OF CAMPANULA.

There are the following very interesting observations upon
this curious subject, by M. Adolphe Brongniart, in a recent
number of the Annales des Sciences.

** It has long been known that the external surface of the
upper part of the style and of the stigmatic arms of Campa-
nulaceous plants is covered with long hairs, which are very
visible in the bud, before the dispersion of the pollen, and
which are regularly arranged in longitudinal lines in direct
relation to the number and position of the anthers. |

“ 'These hairs and their connection with the pollen, at first
remarked by Conrad Sprengel in several species of Campa-
nula, and afterwards by Cassini, with more care, in Cam-,
panula rotundifolia, have been observed by M. Alphonse
DeCandolle in the whole Campanulaceous order, with the
exception of the small genus Pefromarula. At the period
of dehiscence of the anthers, before the expansion of the
corolla, and when the arms of the style are still pressed
against each other in the form of a cylinder, these hairs cover
themselves with a considerable guantity of pollen, which they
brush, so to speak, out of the cells of the anther; and for
this reason they have been named, like the analogous hairs
in Composite, Collectors.

* At the period when the flower expands, the arms of the

55

style, or stigmata separate, and curve backwards, and the
anthers that surround them retire and shrivel up, after
having lost all their pollen; but at the same time the pollen
which was deposited on the outside of the style, detaches
itself, and the hairs that covered the surface disappear.

««'This led Cassini to call these hairs deciduous, and to
say that they disappear at the same time with the pollen
which they retained. 'There then remains, he says, upon the
style, nothing more than little asperities."

M. Alphonse DeCandolle is yet more explicit. He
expresses himself thus, “the arms of the style begin to di-
verge. Atthe same time the pollen disappears, the collecting
hairs drop off, and the style becomes altogether smooth.”

Nevertheless a microscopical examination of these hairs
has satisfied me that they do not fall off, but that they offer
a phenomenon of which I know no other example in the vege-
table kingdom. They are retractile like the hairs of certain
Annelids, or the tentacula of snails.

If we examine a thin longitudinal slice of a young style,
before the emission of the pollen, it is seen that these cylin-
drical hairs, a little tapering to their fine extremity, are formed
by an external lengthening of the epidermis, and that they
are perfectly simple, without articulation or partitions even at
their base.

Immediately below the base of each hair, there exists in

the subjacent cellular tissue a cavity about equal in depth to
half or a third the length of the hair, continuous with its
cavity, and apparently filled with the same fluid. This
cavity however does not extend beyond the most superficial
stratum of the style or stigma, and has no relation to the
tissues situated deeper, of which mention will be made pre-
sently.
d his arrangement is preserved up to the time of the ex-
pansion of the flower, the hairs being at that time covered by
grains of pollen, applied over their surface, and held between
their interstices. =

But at this period the hairs return into the cavities formed
at their base among the cellular tissue ; the terminal half
ensheathes itself in the half situated next the base, as it by
degrees is returned into the cavity. The point only of the
hair remains projecting beyond the surface of the style, and
causes the asperities noticed by Cassini. Sometimes the hair,

56

in retracting thus within itself, draws with it a few grains
of pollen, which thus appear to penetrate the tissue of the
style, but which in fact are always on the outside of the hair.
With care these hairs may be pulled out again by the point
of a needle, and then the pollen-grains which appear to have
penetrated the style are immediately expelled. Such pollen-
grains undergo no change during their application to the
collecting hairs, nor even when they are drawn inwards by
the latter during their act of retraction.

There is therefore no communication between them and
the interior of the style.

As to the immediate cause of this retraction of the hairs,
without pretending to give a certain explanation of it, I think
it may be ascribed to the absorption of the liquid contained
both in the hair and in the cavity at its base, an absorption,
the effect of which will be to pull back the hair into the cavity,
at least I see no other part whose action can produce the phe-
nomenon.

An examination of the structure of the external stratum
of the style and stigmatic arms, has already tended to show
the baseless character of the opinion held by those physiolo-
gists, who think that fertilization can take place by the action

of the pollen upon this part; an opinion offered with doubt .
by Cassini, and Alphonse DeCandolle, admitted on the con-:

trary in the most positive manner by Treviranus, who, in his
Physiology, vol ii. p. 843, considers the internal stigmatic
surface to be formed of papille analogous to those which
sometimes terminate the petals, while, according to him, the
hairs covering the external surface of the style and stigma,
perform the part of the stigmata. Link (Philosophia Botanica,
2nd edition, vol. ii. p. 229), also admits that fertilization takes
place by these hairs, whose points he says are destroyed while
the base remains, and so present a large opening which leads
into the style.

We therefore see that the most distinguished Botanists
entertain opinions either doubtful or contrary to the most
probable analogies. Nevertheless in dissecting the true stig-
ma of Campanulas, that is to say, the inner face of the stig-
matic arms, after their divergence, we find that the grains of
pollen scattered over the surface adhere to it, as to all true
stigmas, first by aid of the fluid that lubricates them, and
finally, by the production of pollen-tubes which penetrate it,

X

57
and soon mark a cord of long soft vesicular tissue, which oc-
cupies the centre of the style.

This cord of conducting tissue, of hexagonal form, in the
true Campanulas, whose stigma has three arms, is perfectly
distinct from the surrounding tissue, much more dense, and
coloured; it is easily separated, and is entirely composed
of vesicles of a cylindrical or somewhat. fusiform figure, very
long, colourless, quite separate at the sides, articulated to
each other, end to end, and containing very small regular glo-
bules of starch, becoming blue upon the application of iodine.
The pollen tubes which penetrate between the utricles of
this tissue are easily distinguished by being much finer, un-
articulated, and filled with very fine indistinct granules.

120. BLETÍA secunda; foliis oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis 7-nerviis, flori-
bus racemosis, sepalis petalisque herbaceis subsegualibus cuneato-oblongis
secundis collateralibus, labelli trilobi laciniis lateralibus nanis erectis in-
termediâ membranaceá obovatâ emarginatá margine inflexá secus medium

bilamellatá.

Flowers green slightly dotted with crimson, with a straw-
coloured labellum. A species of no beauty, imported from
Mexico by Messrs. Loddiges. It is remarkable for the sepals
and petals being all directed into a plane parallel with the
labellum and overlying the column. -

121. TRIGONIDIUM ringens; pseudo-bulbis compressis subrotundis, foliis

oblongis recurvis coriaceis nitidis, scapo filiformi stricto distanter vagi-

nato foliorum longitudine, perianthio bilabiato : sepalo postico arcuato
petalisque oblongis margine revolutis labium superius lateralibus oblongis
apice obtuse carinatis inferius formantibus, labelli trilobi nani ciliati pu-
bescentis lobis lateralibus dentiformibus : intermedio revoluto in medio
lucido basi callo reniformi antic? obsolete tridentato aucto, columnâ

pubescente.

A singular species of Orchidaceous plant, forming dense
patches of fine vigorous deep green pseudobulbs and leaves,
promising something much better than the little insignificant
scentless yellowish-green flower which they produce. The
latter stands singly at the end of a very slender erect scape,
and is distinctly divided into two lips. The labellum is very
finely downy, ciliated at the edge, and slightly bearded along
four of the veins near its base on the upper side. The column
is moreover downy, and has a small collection of minute shining
hairs near its base. ‘The species was introduced from Mexico
by Mr. Hartweg ; but had been previously discovered in shady

G. August, 1840. h

58

places in the Barranca de T ioselo, by Schiede, whose MS. de-
scription,together with a specimen, has been obligingly commu-
nicated to me by Prof. Schlechtendahl, and is here subjoined.

Fol. calycina omnia libera, 5, patentia, obscure flavescentia, lineis atropurpureis
percursa, oblonga; 3 galeam formantia conniventia, 2 lateralia externa ob-
liquiuscula deflexa. Labellum liberum erectiusculum, basi parum angus-
tatum, reliquis calycinis foliolis multo brevius, trifidum, lobo intermedió
multo longiore, apice reflexo, atropurpureum, in medio laminze trituber-
culatum. Gynostemium labello paulo brevius, erectiusculum, paulo an-
terius curvatum, non alatum. Anthera terminalis anticam partem apicis
truncati occupans. Operculum univalve transverse sese solvens, valde
deciduum. Corpuscula pollinifera 4, 2 anteriora labello propriora ma-
jora, posteriora minora, omnia membranul:z lunatee insidentia, sine pedi-
cello; membranulz cornua in anteriore parte gynostemini affixa sunt.—
Sehiede mss.

122. EPIDENDRUM (Encyclia) bractescens ; pseudobulbis ovatis ceespitosis
3-4-phyllis, foliis linearibus, scapo debili 3-4-floro, bracteis infimis foli-
aceis floribus longioribus supremis obsoletis, floribus nutantibus longé
pedunculatis, sepalis petalisque lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis discoloribus
labello longioribus, labelli liberi lobis lateralibus apice recurvis obtusis
subdentatis intermedio unguiculato subrotundo-ovato multó longiore
secus unguem elevato sulcato pubescente.

This is one of the prettiest of the small species of Epiden-
drum, and is quite distinct from all hitherto described. Mr.
Hartweg found it in Mexico in the vicinity of Oaxaca. The
pseudobulbs are exactly ovate, closely clustered, and about as
large as a pigeon's egg. The flowers have à beautifully but
delicately painted white lip, the gay effect of which is height-
ened by the contrast with the dingy purple of the long narrow
sepals and petals. Its nearest affinity is with Æ. papillosum
and Æ. pastoris of Link and Otto, the E. Linkianum of
Klotzsch. The flowers have no smell.

123. SARCANTHÚS ozyphyllus. Wallich mss.
This plant, which has been lately received from Calcutta

by several persons, has flowered in the garden of the Horti- .

cultural Society, and proves to be nothing more than a narrow-
leaved variety of Sarcanthus rostratus, a species of no beauty,
long since introduced by the Horticultural Society from China.

124. SEDUM multicaule (Wall. mss.) ; caulibus plurimis erectis glabris ra-
mosis apice 3-partitis, floribus secus ramulos sessilibus unilateralibus,
foliis linearibus adnatis acuminatis apiculatis carnosis, sepalis 5 foliaceis
petalis luteis longioribus, squamulis hypogynis retusis.

This native of the Himalaya Mountains, where it appears

59

to be yery common, has been obtained by the Horticultural
Society from seeds presented by the Honourable Court of Di-
rectors of the East India Company. It is a perennial with
deep green fleshy leaves and pretty starry yellow flowers, and
if hardy, as appears probable, will make an excellent plant for
rockwork. The branches are about a foot or more long, but
in consequence of their spreading habit they do not appear
more than 6 or 9 inches high even in rich soil.

125. STANHOPEA graveolens ; petalis ovato-lanceolatis undulatis basi car-
nosis, labelli hypochilio sub-compresso saccato intus glaberrimo antice bi-
dentato et inter dentes profundé sulcato, metachilii cornubus acuminatis-

. simis incurvis, epichilio subrotundo-ovato integerrimo, columne apice
truncato-bilobe alis latissimis subquadratis.

This is a noble species with the habit and general appear-
ance of S. saccata, but far handsomer. The sepals and petals
are of the most delicate straw colour ; the lip at the base, and
the central parts of the flower generally, are of a deep rich
apricot yellow, while the horns and upper end of the lip are
like ivory turning yellow. It differs from S. saccata in its
hypochilium being much deeper from front to back, the petals
smaller, the epichilium entire, and the column much more
broadly winged. It was purchased from Mr. Tate who im-

orted it from Peru, by the Hon. and Rev. W. Herbert, who
informs me that its leaves are 4 inches wide, and 17 inches
long besides the petiole, which is 23 inches long, acute with
seven strong ribs. Its odour is so powerful that it communi-
cates itself to the fingers after touching the flowers, and like
many other smells, though agreeable in itself, is offensive from

its intensity.

126. APORUM Leonis ; (A indivisum Gen. & Sp. Orch. p. 70. nec Blumii)
'floribus solitariis ter-

foliis coriaceis ovatis v. brevissime eultratis obtusis,'

minalibus, labello lineari-oblongo emarginato ecristato apice ciliato-den-

tato et minutissimé pubescente.

A native of Sincapore, where it was originally found by
Mr. Prince, who communicated it to Dr. Wallich with a rude
drawing, upon which it was admitted by me into the Genera
and Species of Orchidaceous plants as synonymous with the
A. indivisum of Dr. Blume. It having lately been brought
home from the same place in a living state by Mr. Cuming,
under the name of * Lion's mouth," and Messrs. Loddiges

I am now able to state that

having sent it to me in flower,

60

it is in reality a species distinct from that of Blume, in its
labellum not having a transverse crest, and probably in other
circumstances. It has therefore received a name in allusion
to that just mentioned, which has arisen from a fancied re-
semblance between the reddish brown ringent flower and the
narrow blunt undivided lip, which are compared to the jaws
and tongue of a lion. However, notwithstanding this high
sounding comparison, the plant is of no beauty.

127. CLEISOSTOMA latifolium ; foliis oblongis obtusis apice subzequalibus
bilobis, floribus paniculatis: ramis simplicibus rigidis, petalis sepalisque
linearibus obtusis, labelli calcare ventricoso laminá reniformi dente mem-
branaceo bilobo.

A Vanda-like Orchidaceous plant from Sincapore, for
which I am indebted to Messrs. Loddiges. It is very like
C. maculosum, but has broader leaves, and there are diffe-
rences in the form of the labellum, &c. Its flowers are yellow
bordered with red, small and densely arranged. It is pretty,
but not strikingly so. 3

128. EPIDENDRUM (Amphiglottis) Trinitatis; caulibus foliosis ancipitibus,
foliis lineari-lanceolatis glaucescentibus apice obtusis obliqué emarginatis,
racemo terminali nutante pedunculato basi vaginis herbaceis equitantibus
imbricato, sepalis petalisque lineari-lanceolatis, petalis piliformibus, la-
belli lobis lateralibus concavis denticulatis intermedio lineari-lanceolato
acuminato basi 3-calloso.

Flowers small, in a long raceme, pale greenish yellow,
with a deep apricot-yellow lip. Not very ornamental, but
pretty. I owe my knowledge of it to Messrs. Loddiges, who
imported it from Trinidad. 7

129. TRIPTILION spinosum. Fl. Peruv. syst. 1. 185,

It is probable that the most beautiful herbaceous plants
in Chile are a blue Tropeolum (azureum) and this Triptilion
spinosum, another blue-flowered perennial, whose intense co-
lour more resembles that of Lapis Lazuli than any flower that
I remember. It belongs to the Composite order, among the
Labiate series, grows about six inches high, has hairy stems
divided into numerous branches, which are disposed in a
corymbose manner, and terminated by small heads, each con-
taining five florets, the scales of whose receptacle, long, fea-
thery, and snow-white, form a bed of down, upon which the
brilliant corollas repose. A figure of this species, for which

TT NR

61

lam indebted to Mr. Frost, the excellent gardener of Lady
SO at Dropmore, will speedily appear in the present
work.

130. CHYSÍS levis; bracteis brevibus ovatis pedicelli longitudine, sepalo
dorsali lineari-oblongo lateralibus acuminatis, petalis falcatis, labelli lobis
lateralibus falcatis apice rotundatis supra columnam convergentibus in-
termedio membranaceo crispo subrotundo emarginato lamellis 5 carnosis
glaberrimis parallelis lateralibus minoribus, columná basi alté excavatá.
Of this singular Orchidaceous genus two new species have

appeared in the collection of Mr. Barker. The present has

very large yellow flowers, whose lip is spotted with dull brown,
and more membranous than in the others ; and it is remark-
able for its column becoming hard and very tumid after ferti-
lization has occurred, and eventually acquiring a green colour.

The other species has white flowers, with a deep yellow fleshy

lip, which is divided into two lobes, each folded twice, so as

to give the whole the appearance of being four-lobed. It
may be named and defined as follows :

131. CHYSIS bractescens; bracteis cucullatis venosis foliaceis ovario longio-
ribus, sepalis petalisque ovatis obtusis, labelli lobis lateralibus obtusis in-
termedio carnoso bilobo plicato lamellis 5 carnosis subsegualibus paral-

A

lelis basi pubescentibus, columná ]atissimâ carnosâ cymbiformi anticê

pubescente. :

132. PINUS filifolia ; ramis rigidis crassis, gemmee squamis linearibus acu-
minatissimis longissimé ciliatis, foliis quinatis longissimis (14 pedalibus)
acute triquetris: vaginis longis glabris persistentibus, strobilis conicis
elongatis obtusis (7-8-unc.) squamarum apicibus rhombeis depresso-py-
ramidatis apice callosis obtusis.

Seeds of this magnificent new Pine have lately been re-
ceived by the Horticultural Society from Mr. Hartweg, who
collected them on the Volean del Fuego in Guatemala. The
leaves are longer than in any species previously discovered ;
and the branches are as stout, or stouter, than those of Pinus

alustris. It is in distribution by the Horticultural Society ;
but it is to be feared that it will not prove hardy.

133. PINUS Coulteri. (Lambert. mss. D. Don in Linn. Trans. 17. p. 440.)

I notice this plant for the purpose of correcting an error
that has found its way into works on Pines, and of which I
have just been made aware by Mr. Lambert. It is stated by
Mr. Loudon, in his Arboretum Britannicum, and his state-
ment is supported by the authority of Professor Don, that a

62

Californian Pine, discovered by Douglas, and distributed by
the Horticultural Society under my name of Pinus macro-
carpa, is the same as P. Coulteri, a plant of which specimens
were brought by Dr. Coulter from the same country, but of
which no seeds have grown. I find, however, upon comparing
Mr. Lambert’s specimens of P. Coulteri with those of P. ma-
crocarpa that this is by no means certain, and that in reality
the two species are probably different. The cone of P. Coul.
tert is twice as long as broad, namely, twelve inches by six ;
and its scales, which are generally directed upwards, have a
long, sharp, ovate, or lancet-shaped extremity, which is sud-
denly narrower, and always perceptibly, often. considerably
longer than the compressed base. In Pinus macrocarpa on
the contrary the cone is rounder, and the scales, which are
always recurved, have a shorter extremity, which narrows very
gradually, and is usually shorter than the compressed base.
In Pinus Coulteri the leaves are much more short, stout, and
stiff than in the other, and the sheath at their base is com-
posed of loose distinctly imbricated scales ; in P. macrocarpa,
on the other hand, the scales forming the sheath are compactly
arranged, and their imbricated character is not perceptible at
first sight. They are both remarkable for the hardness and
heaviness of their cones ; I find Mr. Lambert’s unripe cone
of P. Coulteri weighs 3 lbs. 12 oz. and that of P. macrocarpa
belonging to the Horticultural Society 4 lbs.

The wood-cut in Mr. Loudon’s Arboretum and Fruticetum
Britannicum, p. 2951, fig. 2146. is a good representation of
P. Coulteri; but the description appears to be made up in
part from that species and in part from P. maerocarpa.

The true P. Coulteri seems then to be still a desideratum
in our gardens.

NOTE UPON VICTORIA REGIA,

Our readers will be glad to know that living plants of this
vegetable prodigy have reached Demerara in safety, and that
they may soon be expected in England; Mr. Schomburgk
having taken measures to insure their speedy arrival. That
they will prove as capable of cultivation as other tropical
plants of the Nympheeaceous order cannot be doubted; but it
ìs also probable that it will be absolutely indispensable to
their health that the water in which they are grown should

63

be heated artificially, so as to ensure for their roots the tem-
perature to which they are naturally exposed, and which cannot
be estimated at less than 80° during the season of growth.

_ Having thus adverted to Vicrorta, I trust I may be per-
mitted to avail myself of this opportunity, for making a remark
or two upon certain statements concerning it which have ap-
peared in the Annales des Sciences Naturelles for January of
the present year. The authors of these statements are Messrs.
Guillemin and D’Orbigny, and their object in putting them
forth is evidently that of shewing that if I first published it
I did not know how to describe it, and of claiming for the
latter traveller the credit of having first discovered it.

M. Guillemin states that M. D’Orbigny, in the year
1828, sent dried specimens of the flowers and fruit to the
Museum at Paris, and that “cette plante avait de si grands
rapports avec l’ Euryale que les botanistes du Jardin de Paris
whesitérent pas à la considérer comme sa congénére ;” the
remainder of M. Guillemin’s memoir seems intended to shew
that in fact, although not an Euryale, Victor1a is more
nearly allied to that genus than to Nymphea, and he blames
me for not being of the same opinion. ‘Au lieu,” says M.
Guillemin, “d'indiquer légèrement les rapports du Vicrorta
avec l’Euryale, et d'imsister sur ses différences avec le
Nymphea, M. Lindley aurait dû nous dire en quoi il différe
essentiellement de l Euryale.” This is rather an amusing
complaint from a gentleman who after all admits that Vicro-
RIA is not an Euryale, which he tells us that the botanists of
the French Museum always supposed it to be, till they were
set right; and it is the more curious since I have in fact dis-
tinctly stated that which M. Guillemin complains of my having
omitted to state; as he will see if he will refer to the Botanical
Register for 1838, where, at p. 12 and 13 of the miscellaneous
matter, the whole question is considered systematically, and a
much more detailed account of the organization of the flower
is given than what M. Guillemin has favoured us with. The
only additional remark that I find it necessary to make upon
M. Guillemin is this; he attaches great value to a rostrate
process that rises up from the centre of the apex of the fruit
in Vicrorta, and he regards it as the most important mark of
distinction between that genus and Euryale. This may be;
but if so, it furnishes an argument which he has overlooked,
against the affinity of VICTORIA with that genus, and in

64

favour of its affinity with Wymphea, in which the same process
exists.

M. D’Orbigny’s memoir, occupying five pages, professes
to be on the species of the genus Victoria, and he says that
in addition to V. regia, there is a second species, called by
him V. Cruziana ; he gives for the two supposed species what
he terms distinctive phrases, duly written in Latin, in the
form of specific characters, upon the most approved plan, each
occupying four printed lines. This array of technical terms
only means however, being interpreted, that V. regia has the
leaves purple on the under side, and the external petals white,
with the interior red ; while V. Cruziana has the leaves green
on each side, and all the petals red. Let it not be supposed
however that five pages, and so much learning are expended
upon so mean a result. M. D'Orbigny's real object is to give
an account of his own discoveries, and to complain of their
having been anticipated by me in this country. In what way
however any blame attaches to me I am at a loss to under-
stand. The plant was discovered in an English Colony, by a
distinguished naturalist in English pay, and by him it was
communicated to me for publication: 1 knew nothing of M.
D’Orbigny, or of his discoveries, nor does he pretend that I
did. But he says that he sent home specimens to Paris in
1828, only his friends at Paris did not make them known;
that he talked about his “belles plantes” to M. Adolphe
Brongniart, in 1834; that in 1835, at p. 289 of the “relation
historique" of his travels, **il a indiqué sommairement sa
découverte, sans lui imposer de nom botanique ;” and that he
“* eprouvait une veritable peine” when he found in 1837 that
his plant was published by me with the “nom pompeux” of
VICTORIA REGIA. In answer to all which I humbly submit to
M. D'Orbigny that his specimens were not sent to me ; that
I am not M. Adolphe Brongniart ; that I am very sorry for
his distress of mind; and that le nom pompeux de Victoria is-
the name of the Queen of England.

134. € EPIDENDRUM densiflorum. Hooker in Botanical Mag. t. 3791.

This plant, with densely spiked, panicled flowers of a
greenish yellow colour, relieved by a white 4-lobed lip,
appears to be the same as the E. floribundum of Humboldt
and Kunth. |

65.

135. Y CATASETUM (monachanthus) roseo-album; labello triangulari acutis-
simo concavo-hemisphserico (non ventricoso) intìs pubescente margine
basi longissimé ciliato. Hooker in Botanical Magazine, t. 3796. sub
Monachantho. $
A pretty species from Para, which has flowered in the

Botanical Garden, Glasgow. The flowers are described as

delicate, of a white colour, with a lip tipped and banded with

red; but they are represented as greenish yellow. As the
genus Monachanthus is suppressed I am obliged to alter
the designation under which the plant has been published in
the Botanical Magazine. It is very near Catasetum (Mona-

chanthus) discolor.

136. «| CATASETUM (Myanthus) spinosum ; petalis versus apicem serratis,
labelli infra medium saccati margine pilis tenuibus succulentis albis longé
fimbriato apice angustê attenuato recurvo supra ad basin spina tripartitá
infra apicem spiná magna dentatá porrectá. Hooker in Botanical

Magazine, t. 3802. sub Myantho.

Found by Mr. Gardner in the province of Ceará in
Brazil, and very nearly the same as Catasetum (Myanthus)
barbatum, from which its brighter coloured and larger flowers,
serrated petals and horned labellum seem to distinguish it
sufficiently. From the Glasgow Botanic Garden.

137. ONCIDIUM Huntianum. Hooker in Botanical Magazine, t. 3806, is the
same as O. sanguineum, Sertum Orchidaceum, t. 27.

138. ONCIDIUM pachyphyllum. Hooker in Botanical Magazine, t. 3807, is
the same as the O. Cavendishianum of Mr. Bateman’s Orchidacese of

Mexico and Guatemala, t. 3.

139. Y ZYGOPETALUM africanum. Hooker in Botanical Magazine, t. 3812.
This, which was sent to Sir Wm. Hooker from Woburn as a
Sierra Leone Orchidaceous plant, is certainly American, and
in all appearance is a pale variety of Odontoglossum Bictoni-
ense, the Cirtochylum Bictoniense of Mr. Bateman’s work.

140. AQUILEGIA /ragrans; caule folioso plurifloro superné foliis superio-
ribus ovariisque pubescentibus subplandulosis, foliorum inferiorum seg-
mentis ultra medium trifidis, floribus amplis (albidis odoratis) vix pube-
rulis, sepalis ovato-lanceolatis acutis, petalorum calcaribus incurvo-ha-
matis lamina truncata duplo brevioribus, staminibus lamina parum bre-
vioribus. Bentham mss.

A hardy perennial from the North of India, with pale

straw-coloured sweet-scented flowers, and in general appear-
I. September, 1840. h

66

ance very like A. glauca of this volume, t. 46, from which it
differs in having green leaves, and the spurs of the flowers
strongly curved inwards instead of being straight.

141. AQUILEGIA pubiflora; (Wall. cat. no. 4714. Royles Illustrations of
the Himalaya Mountains, p. 35.) caule folioso plurifloro pubescente sub
calyce tomentoso, foliis viridibus subtis petiolisque pilosiusculis, foliolis
cuneatis trilobis: laciniis truncatis rotundatis crenato-incisis, floribus
(purpurascentibus inodoris) pilosiusculis, sepalis acuminatis apice her-
baceis, petalorum calcaribus circinatim involutis, ovariis glabriusculis,
staminibus laminá parúm brevioribus.

Another hardy perennial from the same country as the
last, and, like it, procured by the Hon. Court of Directors of the
East India Company. It grows about a foot high, has dull
pale purple scentless flowers, and is a much less handsome
plant. According to Dr. Royle it is abundant among the
Himalaya mountains at elevations of from 6000 to 10,000
feet.

142. HARDENBERGIA digitata ; foliis digitatis, foliolis ovato-oblongis ob-
tusis terminali longiüs petiolato, racemo pedunculato denso cylindraceo
erecto foliis multó longiore.

A handsome greenhouse twiner, raised from Swan River
seeds in the garden of H. R. H. the Duchess of Gloucester, by
Mr. Toward, under whose skilful management so many new
species have been introduced. It has smaller flowers than H.
Comptoniana, but they are more numerous, and I think quite
as beautiful. It will be figured in the present volume of the
Botanical Register.

VANILLA.

That the aromatic fruit which bears this name has been
procured in abundance by Professor Morren, at Liege, from
plants under cultivation, is probably known to most Horticul-
tural readers ; but I am not aware of any one in this country
having met with the like success until Mr. Henderson, the
skilful gardener at Lord Fitzwilliam's seat at Milton, accom-
plished the object, by means of artificial fertilization, in the
same manner as Professor Morren. In April last Mr. Hen-
derson sent me flowers of Vanilla planifolia, accompanied by
ripe fruit which appeared to be quite as fragrant as those im-
ported from Mexico, and they proved as fit for the purposes
of flavouring ices.and creams. From the letter that accom-
panied the specimens I extract the following account :—

ae a

67

* Our plant of Vanilla planifolia has produced flowers—
but no fruit—for several years. Last year in the No. for
March of the Annals of Natural History, I saw Professor
Morren’s paper on the production of Vanilla in Europe, and
having followed the directions therein given for its artificial
fecundation, I succeeded in getting a number of the fruit to
set,—they have been about a year in coming to maturity.
Professor Morren says twelve months and a day is the exact
period.

“The artificial fecundation consists in carefully removing
the retinaculum, which covers the stigmatic portion of the
column and separates it from the anther. The anther, which
is turned inwards, must then be drawn out and pushed down,
until it comes in contact with the bearded stigmatic part of
the column. As the flowers are of short duration, those which
are now sent will probably be withered before they reach you:
they may however be brought out in succession for some time,
by planting the branch in a pot among earth, and keeping it
in a stove, or perhaps in a warm room. Ina stove I had a
branch last year, which brought out flowers in succession for

three weeks."

143. SARCOCHILÜS wnguieulatus; racemo 3-4-floro, labelli unguiculati
trilobi ungue convexo lineari lined media exaratâ, lamina cava, lobis late-
ralibus semi-ovatis obtusis intermedio supra trinervi subtus globoso apice

papilleeformi.

A native of Manilla, where it was discovered by Mr.
Cuming. The flowers are light straw-colour, the side lobes
of the labellum white streaked with crimson, and the mid-
dle lobe rounded, fleshy, and dotted with crimson. It is
rather a pretty species, for which I am indebted to Mr.

Bateman.

144. ANAGALLIS alternifolia. Cavanill. ic. t. 506. f. 2.

A very pretty little herbaceous plant, with trailing shoots,
covered with ovate leaves, and delicate yellowish flowers
tinged with pink. It belongs to the section J irasekia, and is
nearly allied to the charming Anagallis tenella of our own
bogs. It was raised at Carclew from earth sent from Rio
Janeiro, and I owe specimens to the kindness of Sir Charles
Lemon. The leaves smell something like Valerian. I find
no distinction between it and my wild specimens of the species

68

from Chile. It will be a good addition to our small stock of
rill-plants from the tropics.

145. MAXILLARÍA Skinneri. Supra no. 101.

This species, already noticed at the place above referred
to in the present volume, has flowered with Sir Charles
Lemon at Penrhyn. It has very much the appearance of a
large form of JM. aromatica, but the structure of the flowers
is different. They are a deep dull yellow. The lip is a dull
olive-brown except the middle lobe, and the column is a little
variegated with crimson. I find nothing to correct in the
specific character already given from the dried specimen.

146. PLEUROTHALLIS pachyglossa; folio ovato-lanceolato apice tridentato
caule suo longiore scapo breviore, scapo filiformi erecto distanter 4-floro,
sepalis lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis membranaceis inferiore bicarinato
bidentato, petalis carnosis obovatis convexis trinerviis apice rotundatis
dorso sub apice verrucosis, labello petalis duplô longiore unguiculato
crassissimo obtuso linguiformi basi auriculis duabus membranaceis aucto
medio villoso dorso verrucoso.

This is the largest flowered species I have yet seen in the
genus. It has purple semitransparent sepals six lines long, and
about four flowers on a slender scape, divided from each other
by intervals of nearly an inch. It stands next P. fusca and
ephemera. Mr. Barker imported it from Mexico.

147. STANHOPEA Wardi. Sertum Orchidaceum, t. 14.

Of this fine species several varieties are now in the gar-
dens, among which an exceedingly handsome one is that
named 5S. Barkeri, without the eye-like spots, and with the
anterior part of the lip of a delicate ivory white. Of this the
fragrance is very agreeable, which is more than can be said
of S. Wardii itself and some of the other varieties, of which
I now fear even S. graveolens, no. 125, is one, so many forms
have I examined within the last few weeks.

148. BRACHYCOME iberidifolia. Bentham in Plant. Hugel. enum. p. 59.

A beautiful little hardy annual of the Composite order,
with finely cut leaves like those of a Nigella, and flowers
of the deepest blue. It has been raised from Swan River
seeds by Mrs. Wray of Cheltenham, and is a most welcome
addition to our gardens. The stem grows a foot high or

less, according to the soil. There is a white variety at the
Swan River.

. "7

| TA

69

149. HIBISCUS (Azanza) Wraye ; caule fruticoso tomentoso, foliis palma-
tis cordatis tomentosis : lobis obovatis pinnatifidis laciniis rotundatis sub-
crenatis, pedunculis axillaribus bifloris foliis longioribus, involucello 15-
dentato, stigmatis laciniis linearibus revolutis.

For this also we are indebted to Mrs. Wray of Chelten-
ham, after whom it is named. It was raised by that Lady
from Swan River seeds, and is a handsome greenhouse shrub,
with fine large lilac flowers. The leaves are palmate, bright
green, with roundly pinnatifid lobes. The corolla is as much
as five inches across, and very showy. It is next to Hibiscus
Hugelii ; from which it differs in the form of the leaves, the
toothing of the involucre, the form of the stigma, and the
colour of the flowers, which, in that species, are yellow with

a purple eye.

150. OXYANTHUS versicolor ; foliis ovali-lanceolatis utringue acuminatis
glabris, corollis decurvis versicoloribus: laciniis linearibus secundis sta-
minibus parum longioribus, filamentis antheris subsegualibus.

This is a beautiful stove shrub, introduced from Cuba by
Messrs. Loddiges. ‘The flowers are sweet-scented, and have
a slender tube four inches long ; when they first appear they
are quite white, but they change gradually to pink, and at
last assume a deep rose colour or crimson.

151. ANGRAECUM bilobum; caule brevissimo, folis cuneato-obovatis ob-
lique bilobis reticulatis racemo verrucoso pendulo multifloro mult bre-
vioribus, sepalis petalisque lanceolatis patentibus, labello conformi pauld
majore calcare filiformi emarginato breviore.

A lovely Orchidaceous plant, with long drooping racemes
of snow-white flowers, just tipped with pink, and slightly
sweet-scented. It has singular, netted obovate leaves, cloven
at the point, and slightly sprinkled with small tubercles. It
was imported by Messrs. Loddiges from Cape Coast Castle.

152. EPIDENDRUM lancifolium. Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. p. 98.
This plant has been imported from Mexico by Messrs.
Loddiges, with whom it has flowered. It is very like E.
cochleatum, but its lip is striated with deep purple radiating
lines upon a pale yellow ground. It has a slight perfume.

153. DENDROBIUM herbaceum ; caulibus ramosis teretibus glabris, foliis
lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis apice obliqué bilobis, racemo paucifloro
terminali, sepalis lateralibus basi paulo productis dorsali petalisque line-
aribus, labello lanceolato integerrimo nudo, clinandrio biauri.

70

A small branching Orchidaceous plant, with leaves from
two to three inches long, and inconspicuous green flowers.
It was imported from the East Indies by Messrs. Loddiges.

154. ONCIDIUM ramosum. Lindl. in Bot. Reg. sub fol. 1920.

A very fine species, which has flowered with Messrs.
Loddiges, imported from Gongo Soco in Brazil. It has gay
pale flowers in a branched panicle, already a foot square,
upon a scape five feet high, and in its native state the inflo-
rescence is much larger. Several finger-like streaks of brown
radiate from the base of the tuberculated crest, whose eleva-
tions are disposed in two tiers, the upper consisting of five
short wavy ridges, and the lower of two, with a truncated
four-lobed tubercle between them.

155. MAXILLARIA Macleei; sub-caulescens, pseudobulbis confertis ob-
longis monophyllis subcompressis, foliis aciculatis, pedunculis axillaribus
solitariis basi squamatis, floribus rectis, sepalis ovato-lanceolatis acutis
conniventibus, petalis multd brevioribus acutis paululim recurvis, labello
oblongo indiviso margine plano apice haud reflexo, callo disci oblongo
integro. Bateman in litt.

“ This plant is nearly related to, but undoubtedly distinct
from, M. tenuifolia ; the only species with which it is neces-
sary to contrast it. The following are the more prominent
marks of distinction. The pseudo-bulbs of M. Macleei in
form are a true oblong, instead of tapering as do those of
M. tenuifolia ; the leaves too of the former are not more than
one-third the length of those of the latter. In M. tenuifolia
the sepals and petals have their edges recurved, in M. Mac-
leei they are perfectly plane; again, in M. tenuifolia the
sepals are turned backwards, and. the petals are connivent,
whereas in M. Macleei it is exactly the reverse ; the lip more-
over of the latter is not recurved. The colouring of the two
plants is also different, the sepals and petals of M. Macleei
being internally of a uniform rich reddish brown, and its lip
whitish, with intense maroon spots, while in M. tenuifolia
there is a considerable admixture of yellow, both in the
sepals and petals, and in the lip.

“ The species is a native of the inland parts of Guate-
mala, whence it was sent to me in the spring of the present
year, by my indefatigable correspondent Mr. Skinner, after
whose worthy partner, Mr. M*Klee, I have much pleasure in
naming it; the more particularly, as it is to his exertions that

TF

| SERS

71

I have frequently been indebted for the safety of his friend’s
collections.” — Copy of a note from Mr. Bateman.

156. SCHIZONOTUS tomentosus. (Spiræa Lindleyana, Wallich cat. no. 703.)

A handsome and new hardy shrub, from the cold northern
provinces of India, introduced by the East India Company,
and recently raised in the Garden of the Horticultural Society.
It has the habit of Spirza sorbifolia, but has downy leaves,
and the flowers, with which I am unacquainted, appear from
the fruit-bearing specimens, to be produced in very large
panicles.

The genus Scuizonotus was merely mentioned in Dr.
Wallich’s catalogue, as one which I proposed to form upon
this species and Spiræa sorbifolia. It has since been regarded
by Meisner (tab. gen. diagnost. p. 103), as a section of Spiræa,
without his being aware of the character on which I conceive
the genus to be established. I may therefore take this op-
portunity of stating that, as the name (Splitback) indicates,
the character is taken from the remarkable cohesion of the
carpels into a 5-celled capsule, whose cells split open at the
back for the escape of the seeds. This is I conceive a cha-
racter of importance enough to eliminate from Spiræa the
two remarkable looking shrubs in which it occurs.

157. CATASETUM deltoideum. Bot. Reg. fol. 1896. (Myanthus.)

In a former volume of this work it has been related how
the species of Orchidaceous plant which was called Myanthus
barbatus, with a revolute bearded lip, and a column with
two feelers, changes by a marvellous metamorphosis, into what
was also called Monachanthus viridis, thus proving not only
that the supposed genera Myanthus and Monachanthus are
the same, but that they are mere forms of Catasetum itself.
A new case of this kind of variation, previously unheard of
and unsuspected in the Vegetable Kingdom, has been ob-
served by Mr. Dunsford, who has brought me a-scape of
Catasetum deltoideum, figured at fol. 1896 of this work, in a
similar state of alteration. The scape itself has become three
times as stout as usual, the length of the raceme is much re-
duced, the sepals and petals retain their form and colour; but
the labellum, instead of being arrow-headed, flat, deep purple,
toothed .at the base, and placed in front of the flower, has
become of exactly the same form as that of Monachanthus

72

viridis, hooded, undivided, and of a dull greenish colour tinged
with dull purple. The column too, has in like manner lost
its cirrhi, has shortened, and its lengthened beak has also
disappeared.

158. OPHELIA purpurascens. Don in Edinb. Philos. Mag. 1836. Jan.

A pretty little herbaceous plant, with narrow pale green
leaves, and starry pink flowers with green glands at the base
of the petals. It is a native of the northern parts of India,
and has been recently raised by the Horticultural Society from
the important distributions of the East India Company. It
may be expected to prove hardy, but will probably be only

annual.

159. SPIRJEÁ rotundifolia.

Among a collection of seeds from Cashmere, collected by
Dr. Falconer, and presented by the Court of Directors of the
East India Company to the Horticultural Society, was this,
which, although it has not yet flowered, is evidently a new
species of the hardy genus Spirea, belonging to the same di-
vision as JS. vacciniifolia. It has slender, angular, downy
shoots, and roundish oblong blunt leaves crenated at the
upper end above the middle, but entire on the lower half;
they measure on an average seven lines in length and six in
breadth ; their petiole is about a line long, and downy. I
cannot find such a plant described any where, and it is un-
questionably new to our gardens.

160. QUERCUS acutifolia. Humb. & Bonpl. pl. «quin. 2. 55. t. 95.

161. —— reticulata. Id. Ib. — 2.40. t. 86.
162. ——— crassipes. Id. 15.:— 2. 37. t. 83,
163. — ————— spicata. Id. Ab. 2546. t 8%
lo: mexicana. 1d. Ib... 2.35. t. BO
165. — glaucescens. Id. Ib. 2.29 i 79
166. —— siderozyla. Id. 4 oles 2 909A
o AA lancifolia. Cham. & Schlecht. Linn. 5. 78.

168. =— petiolaris. Benth. plant. Hartweg. no. 420.

All the foregoing are Mexican oaks, recently raised in the

73

garden of the Horticultural Society from acorns received
either from Mr. Hartweg or the Hon. W. F. Strangways.
They are all species with beautiful foliage, and will be a
great acquisition to this country if they should prove hardy.
This is however uncertain, and it is to be feared improbable,
except in the southern parts of England and in Ireland. It
may be expected that Q. sideroxyla, or the Ironwood Oak,
will be the hardiest among them.

169. BETA (also Betula) Bhojpattra. Wall. cat. no. 2792. Pl. As. rar.
-p- /-

This Birch, the finest of the Himalayan species, has at
length been introduced by the East India Company, who pre-
sented its seeds to the Horticultural Society. It will doubt-
less be perfectly hardy, as, according to Dr. Royle (Zllustra-
tions, p. 343), it, and the other species of that country, occupy
the loftiest situations in the mountains.

Dr. Wallich has given the following account of the species
in his Plante Asiatica rariores, vol. 2. p. 7.

“The epidermis of this species of Birch is used by the
mountaineers instead of paper for writing upon. It is of a
very delicate texture, and peels off in large masses, of which
great quantities are brought down into the plains of Hindustan,
where it is employed for covering the inside of the long flex-
ible tubes of the apparatus used for smoking tobacco, com-
monly called Hooka. The Sanscrita name of the substance is
Bhoorja; in the Bengali language, Bhoorjapattra ; and in
the Hindustani, Bhojpattra. My worthy friend, Mr. Graves
Haughton, Oriental Examiner to the Honourable East India
Company, to whom I am indebted for the above synonyms, is
of opinion that the word Bhoorja is the etymen of Birch, and
that it is one of the many proofs of the descent of the Saxon

art of the English language from the Sanscrita.”

At the same time were received seeds of another Indian
Birch, which I do not find described among the Himalayan
species; it is remarkable for the softness of its round heart-
shaped leaves, and has received the provisional name of B.
mollis. I however suspect it to be a mere variety of the Paper

Birch of N. America.

170. SPIRJEA fosa.
A name given to a species of Spirma from Mexico, re-
October, 1840. Py

gr.

74

ceived by the Horticultural Society from Mr. Hartweg, who
transmitted no specimens, but who calls it “a very fine shrub
near jS. ariefolia.” It is a handsome looking plant, with
very angular downy branches, ovate, incised smooth leaves,
wedge-shaped at the base, with the lateral incisions usually
split into a pair of unequal very sharp teeth. There are no
stipules. It is quite distinct from any previously discovered.

171. BOLBOPHYLLUM limbatum ; pseudobulbis ampullaceis depressis, fo-
lis . . » Tacemo cylindraceo multifloro longè pedunculato, squamis
pedunculi sursum nudi duabus distantibus parvis vaginantibus, brac-
teis minimis, sepalis ovatis obtusis ciliatis, petalis multo brevioribus
obovatis margine superiore villoso, labello ovato crasso obtuso petalis
longiore basi bidentato : disco levi nitido limbo scabritie minutá opacato.
The-flowers of this plant are deep dull purple, in a rather

loose raceme. The sepals and petals are both fringed with

whitish hairs. The labellum is remarkable for being polished
in the middle, and surrounded by a broad belt of minute points,
which give it an opaque shagreen appearance. Like most of

the genus it is a plant of little beauty. Messrs. Loddiges
received it from Sincapore.

172. DENDROBIUM (Desmotrichum) longicolle ; pseudobulbo compresso
in collum longissimum extenso, folio oblongo concavo, flore solitario,
ovario filiformi c. pedicello articulato, sepalis petalisque patentibus a
latá basi in acumen lineare attenuatis, cornu brevi conico, labello trilobo :
lobis lateralibus nanis margine anteriore crispis intermedio apice ovato
plicato crispatoque sublobato, lamellis 2 crispis conniventibus per axin.
A singular Dendrobium, belonging to the same section as

D. amplum, which is remarkable for combining the habit of

Bolbophyllum with the entire structure of the former genus.

‘The neck of the pseudo-bulb is nearly eight inches long ; the

leaf five inches; the ovary two inches and a half. The flower

is pale straw colour, with the ends of the sepals and petals
tapering into a fine purple point. Sent to Messrs. Loddiges
from Sincapore by Mr. Cuming.

173. CIRRHOPETALUM vaginatum. Lindl. Gen. § Sp. orch. p. 59.

Messrs. Loddiges have received this plant from Mr.
Cuming, who collected it at Sincapore. It has the pale
straw-coloured flowers in heads, with their anterior sepals
prolonged into a fine thread nearly two inches long. The
pseudo-bulbs are in the form of a truncated pyramid; the
leaves coriaceous and emarginate.

3
3
1

Y

^a

75

174. ONCIDIUM incurvum (Barker in litt.); pseudobulbis ovatis ancipitibus
utrinque tricostatis diphyllis, foliis ensiformibus acutis, scapo elongato
racemoso-paniculato, sepalis lineari-lanceolatis undulatis liberis, petalis
conformibus incurvis, labelli laciniis lateralibus rotundatis nanis inter-
media subrotunda concavá acuta, cristá ovata depressá dimidiá inferiore
lineata superiore tricostatá, columnâ apterâ.

A pretty species, with pale pink flowers mottled with
white. It has at first sight the appearance of O. ornitho-
rhynchum, but it wants the bird's-beaked anther, and the
column-wings of that species. Its panicled scape is long,
narrow, and about three feet high. It was originally sent
me by Mr. Barker, and I have subsequently seen it in the
collection of Messrs. Lee and Co. of Hammersmith.

175. PLEUROTHALLIS seridta ; folio carnoso plano ovali emarginato caule
multd longiore, pedunculo filiformi paucifloro folii longitudine, sepalo

dorsali carinato margine reflexo antico latiore acuto emarginato, petalis
brevibus spathulatis carnosis leevibus, labello oblongo obtusissimo pube-

scente medio exarato lobulis lateralibus minimis rotundatis.
An inconspicuous specie

s of this large genus, with pale
ellowish-green flowers marked with rows of purple dots.
Like all the genus it is a beautiful object when examined
microscopically, but to the naked eye it offers no attraction.
The Horticultural Society received it from Rio Janeiro, whence

it was procured by John Hearne, Esq.

176. CATASETUM Trulla; sepalis petalisque patentibus ovalibus planis,
labello laté ovato acuminato obtuso subcordato concavo fimbriato apice

levi, columna brevi cirrhatá.

Flowers about thirty in a spike, green with a brown stain
upon the lip. This species is distinct from all previously
published, but has little beauty. It was communicated to me
by Mr. J. Rigby of the Stanhope Nursery, Old Brompton.
A figure will shortly be published in this work.

177. CYMBIDIUM pubescens ; foliis ensiformibus striatis apice oblique bi-
dentatis, racemo brevi pendulo, bracteis minimis squameeformibus, sepalis
aribus acutiusculis, labelli trilobi basi saccati intüs pube-

petalisque line À
scentis laciniis lateralibus acutis intermedia oblong’ subundulatá obtusa,

lamellis rectiusculis medio interruptis.

A beautiful species, collected at Sincapore by Mr. Cuming,
and flowered by Messrs. Loddiges. It has a short raceme of
rich purple flowers, bordered and spotted with brilliant yellow.
It is nearly allied to C. Finlaysonianum and bicolor, but its

76

flowers are smaller, its raceme shorter, and its downy lip is
quite different. A figure will appear in this work.

178. CCELÓGYNE Cumingii ; pseudobulbis ovatis, foliis geminis lanceolatis
9-nerviis utrinque acuminatis racemo paucifloro longioribus, scapo basi
nudo, bracteis convolutis floribus longioribus, petalis lineari-lanceolatis
patentibus, labelli trilobi lobis lateralibus rotundatis intermedio ovato
acuto revoluto basi crispo, lamellis 3 crispis continuis.

A beautiful Orchidaceous plant found at Sincapore, and
brought home by Mr. Cuming. It has white flowers, with a
lip yellow in the middle. It is allied to C. trinervis. Messrs.
Loddiges have communicated specimens, of which a figure is
in preparation.

179. CATASETUM ‘saccatum ; sepalis lanceolatis patentibus dorsali peta-
lisque fornicatis, labello subrotundo abrupté acuminato fimbriato medio
saccato : ostio contracto reniformi postice dentato, columná cirrhata.
Of all the strange forms presented by the various species

of Catasetum this is one of the most extraordinary. It has

very large flowers, with rich purple-spotted sepals and petals,
and a bright yellow lip covered closely with crimson dots.

The latter is pierced in the middle by a narrow aperture,

which leads into a conical chamber or bag, which is not ob-

` served till the back of the lip is turned up. Messrs. Loddiges
obtained it from Guayana. A figure of it is destined for the

Sertum Orchidaceum.

180. VALERIANA Napus; radice maxima tuberosá, caule glabro herbaceo,
foliis pinnatisectis, segmentis linearibus acutis dentatis integrisque, flo-

ribus capitatis vel corymboso-paniculatis, genitalibus exsertis, fructu

pubescente.

A half-hardy species of Valerian, with tuberous roots as
large as a full-sized field Turnip, said by Mr. Hartweg, who

sent it to the Horticultural Soci ty from Mexico, to be used

a perennial herbaceous plant, with narrowly pinnated leaves,
and small white flowers of no beauty. It is very closely allied
to V. ceratophylla, found near Chapoltepec by Humboldt and
Bonpland ; but its leaves are not in any degree hastate at
the segments,

181. SOLANUM macrantherum. Moc. et Sess. Benth. pl. Hartw. n. 367.
Of this beautiful half-hardy herbaceous plant specimens

T

have been raised by Mr. W. B. Page, Nurseryman, Southamp-
ton. It has large clusters of deep purple flowers, and will
appear in an early number of this work. It flowered with
Mr. Page in August.

182. CATASETUM (Myanthus) cornutum ; petalis maculatis lineari-lanceo-
latis sepalo dorsali conformi suppositis, labello subcordato-ovato basin
versus saccato supra saccum cornu valido inflexo instructo processibus
teretibus rigidisifimbriato basi dentato, columne acuminate cirrhis cornu
labelli attingentibus.

A native of Demerara, with the habit of Catasetum bar-
batum, formerly Myanthus. There are sixteen or more
flowers in a raceme, of a dull green, richly spotted with deep
blackish purple. The lip is light green, spotted with the
same dark colour; above the base it is hollowed out ; above
the hollow it is furnished with a strong inflexed white horn,
which rises from a somewhat rugged base; and the margin
is broken up into slender stiff processes, which are evidently
an incomplete state of the fringes found on the lip of Cata-
setum cristatum, barbatum, &c. Communicated by Messrs.

Loddiges, (no. 544).

183. CATASETUM callosum ; petalis concoloribus lineari-lanceolatis sepalo
dorsali conformi suppositis, labello ovato-oblongo obtuso basin versus
saccato supra saccum callo magno (aurantiaco) instructo margine obso-
leté crenato, columnee acuminate cirrhis vix ultra callum extensis.

In habit this plant is exactly like Catasetum tridentatum,
var. floribundum, but its flowers are quite different. The
sepals and petals are of a dull reddish brown, without spots ;
the column is of the same colour, which may perhaps be best
compared to that of old spoiled port wine. ‘The lip is green,
flat, with a yellow tubercle near the base above the hollow,
and a stain of the same colour near the apex. It was im-

ported by Messrs. Loddiges from La Guayra, (no. 553).

184, MYCARANTHES obliqua ; foliis lato-linearibus carnosis canaliculatis
apice obliguê emarginatis scapo brevioribus, sepalis lateralibus carinatis,
labelli cuneati 5-lobi callo apicali majore axi pube densá decidua farinam
referente vestità.

A fleshy-leaved plant from Sincapore, with very small

white flowers, covered slightly with rusty down. It was im-

ported by Mr. Cuming, and flowered with Messrs. Loddiges,

(no. 121).

78

185. SARCANTHUS pallidus; folis distichis coriaceis ligulatis apice ob-
. liqué retusis paniculá multiflora ramosâ multó brevioribus, labelli lobo
medio solido tereti incurvo.

Brought to His Grace the Duke of Devonshire from
India by Mr. Gibson. It is a plant with the foliage of
Aerides odoratum, or some such plant; but its flowers are
small, pale, and by no means beautiful, although they are
extremely numerous, and arranged in a panicle a foot and a
half long. ‘They are about the size of S. teretifolius, of a
dirty greenish white, with a faint purple streak through the
middle of each sepal and petal, and with the intermediate
lobe of the lip dull yellow.

186. COMPARETTIA rosea; foliis subsessilibus, racemo pendulo laxo pau-
cifloro, labelli lamina subrotundo-oblongá calcare subulato breviore.

A delicate little Orchidaceous plant from the Spanish
Main, with a slender drooping stem, bearing four or five
flowers of a bright rich rose colour near its apex. I am in-
debted for it to Messrs. Loddiges, (no. 752).

Chenopodearum Monographica enumeratio, auctore A Moquin Tandon.
Paris, 1840. 8vo.

An important contribution to the progress of. syste-
matical Botany, which, if it bears but little upon Garden
pante, has at least a material connection with our Domestic

ora.

The Chenopodiaceous order is universally ugly, and
generally useless; there is hardly a species that deserves a
better place than a heap of rubbish, where indeed they are
generally found, as if they really possessed the virtue of hu-
mility and knew their station. That kind of affection which
leads a man to spend years of his life in contemplating such
things, can only be compared to the tender care with which a
reptile or a monkey is sometimes caressed. But as such
plants must be put in order by some one, in order that all
things may find their fitting place in the scheme of classifica-
tion, the world is much indebted to those who undertake the
uninviting office. M. Moquin Tandon appears to have ex-
ecuted it with care. He refers Chenopodium Botrys and its
allies to a genus called Ambrina; Ch. Bonus Henricus, for-
merly regarded by him as a peculiar genus (Agathophyton)

1s now a Blitum ; and Atriplex pedunculata goes to the genus

TJ

79

Obione of Gertner. The total number of species enumerated
is 847, arranged in 2 suborders, 7 tribes, and 46 genera.

A Flora of North America, arranged according to the Natural System, by
John Torrey and Asa Gray. Vol. i. parts 3 and 4.

At pages 5 and 41 of the volume of this work for 1889,
this important publication has been already noticed. Since
that time two more parts, completing the first volume, have
made their appearance. They contain the remainder of
Leguminose, and all the orders as far as Loranthacezx inclu-
sive, of DeCandolle’s Prodromus, embracing therefore some
of the most extensive of the orders commonly cultivated in
gardens.

The work is so full of original and valuable matter that to
make extracts is an endless labour ; all persons interested in
the North American Flora will of necessity procure the book
itself. The reviewer must confine himself to general ob-
servations upon points to which special attention should be
drawn.

The authors have bestowed much pains upon extricating
the entangled synonymy of garden plants long cultivated
in European gardens, and the opportunity enjoyed by Dr.
Gray of examining, when in Europe, the original authorities
upon which numerous species have been founded, gave him
such advantages as no previous American Botanist has ever

ossessed, ‘That he has used such opportunities with profit
will not be doubted by any one who knows his Botanical skill
and peculiar aptitude for critical investigation. We are how-
ever clearly of opinion that in reverting at all times to the first
name that has been given to a particular species he occasion-
ally sacrifices general convenience to chronological rigour.
For instance, it appears that the name Crategus tomentosa
was given by Linneeus to the plant now universally called
C. p rifolia ; and consequently the former name is restored ;
but surely this is precisely one of the cases where summum
"us is summa injuria, for the effect of the alteration is to
render the nomenclature of every writer upon American trees,
with the solitary exception of Duroi, at variance with that of
the work now in course of publication. Had Linnzus given
such a description of his plant as would have enabled Bota-
nists to know what he meant, the name of C. pyrifolia would
not have been substituted; but he did no such thing; he

80

assigned his plant a specific character, which is as applicable
to other species, and he illustrated his meaning by quoting a
synonym of Gronovius, which instead of being a Crategus is
Amelanchier Canadensis. Succeeding Botanists could not
therefore tell what he meant, and the second name they gave
to the plant of Linnzus ought we think to have been retained.

There is a large, and often, we doubt not, a very
proper reduction of species, which in many cases have
been created upon garden seedlings, whose peculiar features
have been owing to domestication. ‘Too much care however
cannot be exercised in this respect, or a greater evil will
result from confounding different species under one common
name, than from separating mere varieties as distinct species.
In the genus Calycanthus for example, C. levigatus is com-
bined with C. floridus and C. glaucus. But unless there is
some positive evidence that the first of these plants is the
same as the other two its great dissimilarity of appearance
would make it desirable to keep it distinct. Again, in join-
ing CEnothera serotina with QE. fruticosa, two more widely
different plants are united, than OZ. glauca and fruticosa
which are separated.

We might make some similar observations upon genera,
such as the union of Geum with Sieversia, Bartonia with
Mentzelia, and of OZnothera with Godetia, while Horkelia is
separated from Potentilla, Vachellia from Acacia, and Cerasus
from Prunus; but these are matters of less importance.

In conclusion it is only necessary to call attention to the
supplementary matter appended to the volume. It shows
the result of Dr. Gray’s examination of European herbaria,
so far as the earlier orders are concerned, an advantage he
had not enjoyed when the first and second parts of the work
went to press. Nothing can indicate more clearly than this
supplement the unwearied diligence with which Dr. Gray
studied the important materials then for the first time placed
before him.

The authors may be congratulated upon having proceeded
so far in their publication, which, it is not too much to say,
is one of the most important additions to systematical botany
that has appeared for many years.

ie

wr NE,

"S5 4

81

187. PERISTYLUS goodyeroides. Lindl. gen. & sp. orch. p. 299.

A herbaceous species of the Orchidaceous order, inhabit-
ing the north of India. It has a long spike of pure white
flowers, about the size of the Lily of the Valley, the fragrance
of which it rivals. A specimen before me from Ceylon,
which has flowered with Messrs. Loddiges (no. 965), does not
appear to differ from the plant of the Himalayas.

188. DENDROBIUM (Onychium) aciculare; caule basi conico angulato
sursum tereti, folis acicularibus, flore solitario ? terminali galeato,
labelli postici trilobi per medium tricarinati lobis lateralibus rotundatis
anticé et intermedio ovato serrulatis.

A curious little species, with the base of the stems angular
and conical, while the whole of the upper part suddenly
tapers and becomes very slender. It bears about three
acicular leaves, from the axil of the uppermost of which
springs the short peduncle, bearing at its end a cluster of
small dry scales, from which proceeds a single yellowish
flower slightly tinged with pink. Messrs. Loddiges received
it from Mr. Cuming, who gathered it at Sincapore (no. 174).

189. LIPARIS spathulata ; pseudobulbis ovato-oblongis diphyllis, foliis en-
siformibus basi angustatis scapo ancipiti longioribus v. subeequalibus,
racemo denso erecto cylindraceo, petalis filiformibus, sepalis lineari-
oblongis, labello ovato-lanceolato canaliculato recurvo basi ecalloso.

A plant of no beauty, imported by Messrs. Loddiges from
India, with a long raceme of minute green flowers. It was
originally found in the Burmese empire by Mr. Griffith, and
is the no. 772 of that indefatigable Botanist’s Burmese

herbarium.

190. EPIDENDRUM (Aulizeum) viscidum ; caule tereti monophyllo vagina
alterá longiore infra folium, folio canaliculato mucronulato, racemo pau-
cifloro, bracteis herbaceis glutinosis carinatis ovarii dimidium sequantibus,
petalis sepalisque linearibus acuminatis herbaceis, labelli tripartiti basi
bicallosi laciniis lateralibus semirhombeis acuminatis setaceo-fimbriatis
intermedia subulatâ brevioribus, clinandrio cucullato dentato.

A native of Mexico, and nearly allied to E. ciliare, from
which its single narrow channelled leaf, smaller flowers, and
glutinous bracts distinguish it. The flowers have a weak smell
like Cucumbers. It was imported by Messrs. Loddiges (373).

191. MAXILLARIA macrophylla. Poppig. Bot. Reg. 1838. misc. 175.
Of this fine plant Messrs. Loddiges have flowered a new

November, 1840. i

82

variety from Bolivia (487), with the inside of the sepals and
the tips of the petals stained with purple. It does not other-
wise differ from the original form of the species.

192. DENDROBIUM gemellum. Lindl. gen. & sp. orch. no. 28.

This plant, has been imported from Sincapore by Messrs.
Loddiges, and forms their no. 158 of Mr. Cuming’s collections.
It is a long-stemmed grassy-leaved plant, with small pale
yellowish green flowers, growing in pairs from short rigid

two-valved truncated compressed spathes, placed opposite the |

leaves. In this respect it is like D. biflorum, of which it has
all the habit ; but the lip is perfectly entire and not three-
lobed.

193. ONCIDIUM microchilum (Bateman in litt.); pseudobulbis lenticulari-
bus brevibus monophyllis, folio ensiformi carinato carnosissimo acuto
quam scapus erectus versus apicem paniculatus guadruplô breviore,
sepalis liberis lateralibus longiús unguiculatis petalisque oblongis subun-
dulatis retusis, labello subrotundo cordato tridentato sepalis duplô bre-
viore, cristà subrotundá 5-crenatá dente intermedio labelli parüm bre-
viore, columnx nanz alis oblique truncatis.

Of this curious Oncidium, sent by Mr. Skinner from
Guatemala, Mr. Bateman possesses live specimens. He truly
calls it a most distinct and remarkable species; the smallness
of its lip, which is not half so long as the lateral sepals, being
a singular feature. The leaves are about eight inches long;
the flowers the colour of O. crispum.

194. ONCIDIUM Wentworthianum (Bateman in litt.); pseudobulbis nebu-
losis oblongis compressis ancipitibus diphyllis, paniculà angustà elongatà
ramulis 3-floris, sepalis liberis petalisque oblongo-lanceolatis acutis,
labelli cordati laciniis lateralibus rotundatis grossé crenatis intermedia
multó brevioribus; intermedise ungue basi lato apice angustiore lateribus
rectis lamina reniformi denticulatá basi ipsà labelli duplo angustiore,
cristà 5-dentatâ denticulis 2 anticis auctá, columnee alis erosis brevibus.
Mr. Bateman has favoured me with a fine specimen of

this beautiful species, which he has received from Mr. Skinner

and named after Lord Fitzwiliam, and which approaches

O. Baueri and altissimum in its general appearance. The

flowers are however very differently shaped, and richly stained

with crimson upon a yellow ground. The specimen was
aecompanied by the following note.

“This is quite a distinct and most beautiful species; it
forms festoons sometimes twice the length of the specimen
sent, and is much used in adorning altars. The beautifully

a $

83

mottled pseudo-bulbs at once distinguish it from every other
species; it has flowered here, and I have had it drawn for
the Orchidacez of Mexico and Guatemala. In habit it is
never half the size of O. Baueri and O. altissimum, though
it rivals them in the length of its stems; neither does it ever
form compound lateral branches from the spike."

195. BOLBOPHYLLUM flavidum ; pseudobulbis oblongis compressis vaginis
2 membranaceis vestitis, folio basi angustato spicis laxis longiore, sepalis
acuminatis, petalis oblongis obcordatis acutis, labello bicarinato recurvo:
lobis lateralibus undulatis obsoletis, columná bicorni.

A pale yellow-flowered Orchidaceous plant, imported from

Sierra Leone by Messrs. Loddiges (107). It has flowers in

size and form like those of B. cocoinum, but they are arranged

in a lax spike.

196. ERIA nutans ; caule tereti folioso, foliis oblongis undulatis substriatis
basi canaliculatis, flore campanulato solitario terminali nutante glabrius-
culo, bracteá plana patente carnosá subrotundo-ovata, sepalis lateralibus
duplo latioribus basi rotundatis apice petalisque obtusis, labelli trilobi
lobis lateralibus erectis intermedio transverso carnoso apiculato: linea
una per axin productá infra apicem interrupta et magis elevata duabus
lateralibus abbreviatis prope sinus. |
A pretty species of Orchidaceous Epiphyte, with a single

large nodding terminal white flower, beneath which is a

roundish-ovate flesh-coloured thick bract. The tip of the

petals and labellum is yellow. Collected at Sincapore by

Mr. Cuming, and flowered by Messrs. Loddiges (129).

197. GROBYA galeata ; petalis oblongis oblique rhombeis apice rotundatis
cum sepalo dorsali breviore in galeam dispositis, sepalis lateralibus
deflexis basi connatis, labelli tripartiti laciniis lateralibus linearibus in-
termediá cuneatá truncata: disco basi 4-dentato tuberculis nitentibus

verrucoso. :

A Brazilian Orchidaceous plant, of which I have received
specimens from both Messrs. Lucombe, Pince, and Co. of
Exeter, and Mr. Barker. lts habit is quite that of Grobya
Ambherstiz, but the flowers are different. They are dull green,
stained a little with purple ; and the lip is indistinctly banded
with the same colour. The petals are much larger than the

1, beneath which they are so placed as to resemble
vore idt s4 This species indicates the

a helmet overshadowing the | r ndic:
affinity of the curious genus Malachadenia, which is appa-

rently allied to Grobya.

84

198. PHOLIDOTA conchoidea; spicá pendula distichá imbricata, bracteis
oblongis concavis apiculatis, sepalorum lateralium carina limbo quali,
epichilio 3-lobo laciniis lateralibus rotundatis intermedio obsoleto, hypo-
chilio utrinque in lobum ascendentem producto basi intus lineis tribus
elevatis distantibus.

This curious plant was found in Manilla by Mr. Cuming,
and raised at Knypersley, where it blossomed a month ago,
after having been occupied in forming its flower spike during
the space of six months. It is very like P. imbricata, but its
flowers are nearly twice as large, and the keels of the lateral
sepals are so deep and concave as to give the lower side of
the flower the appearance of the inside of a bivalve shell.

199. CONVOLVULIS joridus. Linn. suppl. 136. Jacq. ic. rar. t. 34.

This plant has flowered with Mr. W. Young of the Milford
Nursery. It is a shrub «with very long grey willow-like
leaves, and terminal panicles of small cream-coloured flowers.
It was raised from seeds collected in Teneriffe by Mr. Barker
Webb. Linnzus calls it the most beautiful of all Convolvuli,
because of the abundance of its flowers: but they are far too
small and colourless to justify such an encomium. It is how-
ever a pretty greenhouse shrub.

200. PRONAYA elegans. Hugel enum. p. 9. Bot. Arch. t. 6.

A twining evergreen shrub from Swan River, with narrow
greyish green leaves, and terminal clusters of pale lilac
flowers. It has the habit of a Sollya, to which it is nearly
allied, but it is very inferior to it in beauty. No doubt a
greenhouse plant, although it may live out of doors in the
summer, or be capable of enduring a mild winter. Specimens

have been sent me by Mr. Young, from the Milford
Nursery.

201. EOM pendula. R. Brown, prodr. 436. Endlich. prodr. fl.
Ori. .

This pretty plant has been raised by Mr. Robert Arnott,
of the Cambrian Nursery, Charlton Kings, near Cheltenham,
from Norfolk Island seed. It was sown in the spring of 1839,
and was preserved through the winter in a greenhouse, the
temperature of which did not exceed 50°. It is a rather woody
plant, with many prickles on the stem. The leaves are digi-
tate, with the two lower lobes usually 2-lobed; the purple

}
O S

a A

85

flowers are about two inches long. It flowered freely during
the past summer in a pot out of doors. |

202. FUCHSIA corymbiflora. Fl. Peruv. 3.t. 325. f. 6.

As this plant will be figured in our next number, it is
sufficient in this place to announce its having been raised by
Mr. Standish, of the Nursery, Bagshot, and to state that it
throws all the other Fuchsias into the shade.

203. THOMASÍA canescens. Appendix to the Botanical Register, p. xviii.

This little Swan River shrub has been flowered by Robert
Mangles, Esg. of Sunning Hill. It has small cordate 3-lobed
leaves, covered on the underside with whitish hairs. ‘The
blossoms are a bright purple. It is a pretty greenhouse
plant.

204. IMPATIENS candida; caule erecto, foliis verticillatis angusté lan-
ceolatis acuminatis arguté serratis basi utrinque glandulosis, pedunculis
terminalibus multifloris, sepalo dorsali inermi emarginato, calcare brevi
incurvo, petalorum biloborum laciniá alterá naná cirrhatá alterá lanceo-

latá acuminata crispa.

A noble-looking tender annual, from India, presented to
the Horticultural Society by the Honourable Court of Direc-
tors of the East India Company. It grows six feet high, and
bears large terminal clusters of snow-white flowers, slightly
spotted with crimson.

205. SALVIA Regla. Cavanilles Icones, vol. 5. p. 33. tab. 455. Bentham

Labiat. p. 288.

This beautiful half hardy herbaceous plant has at last
been introduced by the Horticultural Society, who received it
from Mr. Hartweg. It has a shrubby stem, uneven light
green leaves, and long bright scarlet flowers. It will soon

be figured in this work.

206. MARTYNIA fragrans ; folis cordatis angulatis grossé dentatis sub-
oppositis longé petiolatis, racemo paucifloro, calycibus campanulatis

obliquis plicatis, bracteolis plano-convexis fungosis, floribus tetrandris.

A halfhardy annual of very great beauty and delicious

fragrance, for which I am indebted to Mr. Marnock, of the

nursery, Hackney. It has large purple flowers enlivened by
a bright yellow streak along the middle of the lower ze and
is a native of Mexico, in the vicinity of the Real del Monte
mines. A figure of it will speedily appear 1n this work.

86

207. SALVIA prunelloides. Humboldt, Bonpland, & Kunth, nova genera

et species plantarum, vol. 2. 289. Bentham, Labiate, p. 256.

This plant has been raised by Mr. Martin Mayes, of the
Durdham Down Nursery, near Bristol, from roots received
about three months since from Mexico. It was found in
New Spain, by Mocino and Sesse, and also by Karwinski ;
Humboldt and Bonpland met with it on rocks upon the sides
of the volcanic mountain Jorullo. Mr. Mayes informs me
that its roots are tuberous and about the size of a small
walnut; he adds, that the plant does not grow more than
from six to eight inches high, and that he thinks it would be
suitable for bedding out in summer, when it would form a

good contrast with Verbena Melindres. The flowers are
blue.

208. POLYSTÁCHYÁ cerea; pseudobulbis ovatis, foliis oblongo-linearibus
undulatis racemo simplici obtuso brevioribus, floribus cernuis, labelli
trilobi pone basin callosi per axin pubescentis lobis lateralibus nanis in-

termedio obtuso undulato.

A small species, imported from Oaxaca by Messrs. Lod-
diges (265). The flowers, when full blown, have the colour and
texture of old wax ; they are distinetly drooping and arranged
in a very dense obtuse raceme about an inch long. In habit,
size, and general appearance the species bears much resem-
blance to the Encyclia nana of Poppig, which, like the
E. polystachya of that author, is apparently a species of
Polystachya, notwithstanding the manner in which the pollen-
masses are represented, about which I think there must be
some error. In this plant there is a pair of pollen-masses,

excavated at the back, and attached to a short caudicula and
small gland.

209. ERIA velutina (G. Loddiges in litt.) ; caule tereti velutino, foliis dis"
tichis carnosis ovato-lanceolatis margine revolutis junioribus utrinque
velutinis adultis suprà glabris, flore solitario oppositifolio inter squamas
herbaceas obtusas villosas sessili, sepalis petalisque linearibus apice
recurvis extus hirsutis, labello cuneato elongato canaliculato apice rotun-
dato subtrilobo supra pubescente inappendiculato.

A singular plant of no beauty, brought to Messrs. Loddiges
from Sincapore by Mr. Cuming. It has pale dirty yellow

flowers, growing singly among hairy bracts opposite the leaves.
It is probable that Wallich's Dendrobium vestitum, of which

I have seen only fragments of flowers, is a species of Eria

p

87

allied to this, and it is certain that among the distributed
specimens of that plant are branches of the present species
without flowers.

Icones plantarum rariorum horti regii Botanici Berolinensis. By H. F. Link,

Fr. Klotzsch, and Fr. Otto. Part I.

This is a work in all respects worthy of the present state
both of Botanical science and Pictorial art. It is intended
to be a periodical record of the new plants that flower in the
Royal Botanical Garden of Berlin, and will appear in numbers
of the small quarto size, each of which contains two sheets of
letter-press and six coloured plates. The plan of the work
is that of the Botanical Register and Magazine, and it is to
be hoped that it will meet from the publie with the same
favourable reception as has attended those successful publi-
cations. The names of the authors, among the highest in
Botanical and Horticultural science, are an ample guarantee
of the manner in which the work will be conducted ; and the
richness of the Berlin garden in new plants, render it of no
small importance to the public that the species which are
collected there should be made known as quickly as they
appear. I may therefore be permitted to express a hope that
this publication will find many subscribers among the wealthy
Botanists and Horticulturists of this country. In the mean-
while the contents of each number of the work will be briefly
given here, as fast as they appear, but under distinct num-
bers, so as to be of ready reference. The work will be quoted

as Link, Klotzsch, $ Otto Ic.

210. PUYA Altensteinii. Link, Klotzsch, & Otto, ic. t. 1.

A most beautiful plant, with the habit of Tillandsia, long
green unarmed leaves, and oval heads of rich scarlet bracts,
from among which protrude long snow-white flowers. It was
found by Moritz in the year 1836, in his journey through
Columbia and to the Cordilleras, between La Guayra and
Caraccas. It requires the stove, of which it is a splendid

ornament.

211. LOBELIA discolor. Link, Klotzsch, & Otto, ic. t. 2.

A neat greenhouse herbaceous plant, with deeply lobed
heart-shaped leaves spreading flat upon the ground, and erect
panicles of small blue flowers. It was found by Mr. Charles

88

Ehrenberg in Mexico in the year 1838. The name however
will have to be changed, as it is the same as Lobelia subnuda
of Bentham's Plante Hartwegians, no. 336.

212. OLINIA Capensis. Link, Klotzsch, & Otto, ic. t. 3.

A new Cape shrub, belonging to the Myrtaceous order,
with oval stalked bright green leaves, and dense terminal
clusters of greenish flowers succeeded by bright reddish ber-
ries. It belongs to a set of Myrtles whose stems are definite,
leaves destitute of transparent dots, a large connective to the
anthers, and a spiral embryo. It is a greenhouse shrub,
flowering from April to the end of June, and ripening its
fruit the second year: so that the bush has at the same time
flowers, green fruit, and ripe red fruit.

213. OXALIS Offonis. Link, Klotzsch, & Otto, ic. t. 4.

A Chilian species, sent to Berlin from Mr. Cameron of
Birmingham. It has bright yellow flowers, and leaflets so
deeply divided that each stalk seems as if it bore six leaflets
instead of three.

214. MICROSTYLIS histionantha ; (Link, Klotzsch, & Otto, ic. t. 5.) pseu-
dobulbis elongato-ovatis diphyllis, foliis membranaceis latè ovatis. acutis
undulatis nitidis basi attenuato-vaginantibus apice recurvatis, scapo
6-8-angulato, floribus zereo-olivaceis depresso-corymbosis, sepalis reflexis
anticis connatis, petalis filiformibus circinatis, labello oblongo-orbiculari
integerrimo obtuso.

A plant found in La Guayra by Moritz, and sent to the
Berlin Garden in 1836. It has small green flowers, at the
end of a scape a foot and half high, and arranged in a de-
pressed corymb. The leaves are large, thin, and green. - It
is a stove plant, and is apparently the same as Malaxis
Parthoni, Morren in Bullet. acad. Bruxell. 5. 486. with a
figure, a native of Brazil, from which however Dr. Klotzsch
thinks it may be distinguished.

215. ONCIDIUM carthaginense. Link, Klotzsch, & Otto, ic. t. 6.

This is one of the many varieties that now abound in our
gardens, concerning whose limits as species it is difficult to
arrive at any positive conclusion. It is certainly not distinct
from O. sanguineum, which however may itself be a variety
of O. carthaginense.

a

«a

af a

89

216. ONCIDIUM pelicanum. Hort. Monac.

A specimen from Mr. Bateman, who received his plant
from the botanic garden of Munich, shows this plant to be
very closely akin to O. reflexum, from which it differs prin-
cipally in the sepals and petals being less blotched, in the
lateral lobes of the lip being smaller in proportion to the in-
termediate segment, and in the tubercles of the crest, which is
smooth, not downy, being rather differently arránged. I am
unable to judge how far it may be entitled to rank as a dis-
tinct species. The name has doubtless been given in allusion
to the column, which is not unlike a pelican pecking her
breast.

217. BOLBOPHYLLUM sordidum; pseudobulbis tetragonis . . . . , spicâ
carnosâ acuminata conic, floribus sessilibus carnosissimis, bracteis
ovatis obtusis adpressis ovario longioribus, sepalis ovatis acutissimis, pe-
talis linearibus apice rotundatis, labello unguiculato ovato plano con-
vexo basi auriculato, columná utrinque biseta.

A native of Guatemala, very near the Bolbophyllum clava-
tum of Thouars. It grows with a spike 6 inches long, upon
a scape about half as long again. The flowers are very fleshy,
a dull olive brown externally, but brightly mottled with pur-
ple in the inside. I owe my knowledge of it to Mr. Bateman.

218. RODRIGUEZIA maculata; racemis nutantibus basi laxé et distanter
vaginatis, sepalo supremo cum petalis acuto lateralibus basi tantüm con-
natis paulo breviore, labello oblongo convexo retuso secus axin depresso
infra medium cristà pubescente utrinque elongata aucto basi 4-dentato,
columná brevi utrinque brachium protrudente.

A native of Guatemala, whence it was sent to Mr. Bate-
man by Mr. Skinner. It has small flowers, faintly spotted
with red, and has no beauty. Communicated by Messrs.

Loddiges.

219. DENDROBIUM ($ Eudendrobium, foliis planis, floribus subgemellis, la-
bello trilobo) calearatum ; caulibus nigro-pubescentibus, foliis linearibus
obliguê bilobis, floribus resupinatis, sepalis ovatis lateralibus revolutis basi

in cornu conicum pedicelli longitudine productis, petalis lineari-lanceo-

latis, labelli linearis carnosi levis trilobi lacini intermedia subrotundá

marginibus incurvis ungue cum columnee pede in calear verum connato.

A slender inconspicuous species, allied to D. revolutum

and biflorum; with green flowers growing in pairs opposite
the leaves. It was found at Sincapore by Mr. Cuming, and

flowered with Messrs. Loddiges, (no. 158).
December, 1840. m

90

20 ERIA (Tons) clavicaulis (Wallich in litt.); caulibus clavatis, foliis
lanceolatis acutissimis, bracteis ovato-oblongis concavis recurvis, floribus
glabris, sepalis lateralibus triangularibus acutis dorsali petalisque sub-
sequalibus ovalibus subundulatis, labelli trilobi lobis lateralibus ascen-
dentibus rotundatis intermedia oblonga suprà carinatá tomentosa infra
sinus 2-tuberculata.

A very pretty white Indian epiphyte belonging to a divi-
sion of the genus Eria, in which the sepals are perfectly
smooth, or néarly so. Its lip is downy along the middle, and
all over the centre lobe, and is bordered with pink round the
lateral segments. It was sent to Messrs. Loddiges by Dr.
Wallich, with the name above cited.

221. IPOM@A ficifolia; piloso-scabra, foliis trilobis: lobis lateralibus ro-
tundatis intermedio angustiore et productiore acuto, pedunculis subtri-
floris, sepalis acutis nigro-hirsutis, tubo corollz limbo breviore.

A beautiful stove climber, of which a further account will
be speedily given, together with a figure. It has rich purple
flowers, with an unusually short tube, and is readily known
out of flower by the side lobes of its leaves being almost semi-
circular. It has been raised in the nursery of Messrs. Salter
and Wheeler, Victoria N ursery, Weston Road, Bath.

FE AN em

E

d

pe

INDEX

TO THE

BOTANICAL REGISTER,

FOR THE YEARS 1838, 39, AND 40.

PART 1.—SPECIES DESCRIBED.

Abutilon striatum -

— vitifolium ‘
Acacia cultriformis . 5
cyanophylla . .
cuneata “i .

Acanthophippium striatum
Aconitum ovatum .
ZEsculus Ohiotensis .
JEtheria occulta
Aganisia pulchella

—

Agave saponaria .
Allium coeruleum .
Alnus jorullensis .
Alstroemeria Ligtu .
Ammoniacum . E
Ampelygonum chinense
Amphicome arguta .
Amygdalus incana .
Anagallis alternifolia
Angræcum armeniacum

MARS COR E OI DA AA We E LA

—

— gladiifolium -
brevifolium +

—

polystachyum .
— tenue . .
Anigozanthus flavida

bicolor . a á
Aplotaxis albescens .
Aporum Leonis :
Aquilegia glauca -

—

fragrans

—— —— pubiflora .
Arbutus laurifolia . .
Arctostaphylos nitida -
Arisema macrospatha -
Arpophyllum spicatum — .
Asafcetida . A ;
Asagreea officinalis « -
Aspasia epidendroides — .
Asteracantha longifolia .
Astragalus strobiliferus —
Azara integrifolia — . í
Babiana ringens . .
Banisteria tenuis - si

bilobum . a

1839
1840
1838
1839
1839
1838
1840
1838
1838
1839
1840
1838
1839
1840
1840
1839
1839
1838
1838
1839
1840
1839
1840
1840
1840

— ornithorhynchum 1840

1840
1840

pl. mise
.. 63
sw 114
ee 62
oe 64
sd
02-68
119
5l...
Ao
.. 65
32 ..
.. 141
50 ..
ôl ..
.. 52
13 ..
+ 105
s.» LIB
19 ..
58 ..
. 144
oe 109
eem dt
68 ..
68 ..
68 ..
68 ..
68 ..
37 oe
64 ..
oe 129
.. 126
46 ..
.. 140
.. 141
67 oe
.. 69
E rn
eb
.. 106
93 ..
.. 92
s HE
dd
.. 10
> AU
^. 131

Barkeria elegans

Batatas betacea

——— bonariensis .
Bauhinia corymbosa . i
Begonia diversifolia . s
Berberis empetrifolia i
tenuifolia - .
Bessera elegans

Betula Bhojpattra - :
Bifrenaria longicornis ña
Bignonia Tweediana . .
Billardiera daphnoides .
Bletia havanensis - :
-——— fhepherdii . .
—— secunda + . 4
Bolbophyllum cupreu
flavidum .
——— fuscum :
————-——-imbatum .

—

m sordidum
L———————- umbeilatum
—— setigerum .
Boronia crenulata — . z
Bouvardia splendens
Brachycome iberidifolia
Brasavola angustata -
—— Martiana »
—— glauca

—
——

grandiflora .
— > .
Brassia cochleata - >
— —— macrostachya >
verrucosa .
Bravoa geminiflora
Bromelia discolor
Broughtonia aurea .
Bryobium pubescens
Bulbine suavis . ; n
Burlingtonia maculata -
Calandrinia discolor + 4
Calanthe discolor

—— —— furcata $ e
aa bicolor .
_____ — veratrifolia

SPECIES DESCRIBED.

Callistemon microstachyum 1838

Calostemma carneum - 1840
luteum . . 1840

Calystegia sepium - 1838
Carpesium pubescens . 1838
Catasetum cornutum - 1840
————— callosum - 1840
— deltoideum . 1840
— maculatum 1340
. 1840

*— —— Milleri . 1838
— poriferum . 1838
———— atratum . . 1838
—— proboscideum 1839
—-——— longifolium 1839
— —— —— roseo-album 1840
— spinosum 1840

—— Russellianum . 1840
— saccatum 1840

— ‘rola . 1840
Cattleya Aclandie . . 1840
bicolor . 1838

Perrinii . 1858

-— Mossie , . 1840
— — —— Skinneri . 1840
superba - 1839
Ceanothus pallidus . . 1840
Centaurea pulchra . 1839
; 1840

Cereusleucanthus . 1840
Cheenanthe Barkeri . 1838
Cheiranthus ochroleucus . 1840
Cheirostylis parvifolia 1839
Chorozema cordatum 1838
varium . - 1839
Chysislevis . . 1840
bractescens . . 1840
Cirrheea saccata 1836
Cirrhopetalum cornutum . 1838

—— ————-— — cespitosum 1838

—— Thouarsii . 1838
—— nutans . 1839
Walliehii . 1839

———— — — fimbriatum 1839
—À picturatum 1840
—— auratum 1840
vaginatum . 1840

Cleisostoma latifolinm . 1840
— maculosum . 1840
tridentatum . 1838

roseum , . 1838

Clematis florida, var. bicolor 1838
xa lathyrifolia . 1839
— montana . . 1840
Cleome lutea . : 1840
Clethra mexicana . 1840
Clerodendron fragrans . 1838
Clitanthus humilis . . 1839
Cobsa stipularis . - 1840
Codonopsis lurida . . 1839
C«logyne fimbriata . . 1838
prolifera . . 1838

—————- Wallichiana .. 1898
— — — - 1840
“———— ovalis ê - 1838

pl. misc.

Coslogyne Cumingii

de Xx

elata
oculata .
Comparettia coccinea
rosea
Commelina orchioides
Conostyiis juncea .
Convolvulus floridus .
Cornus grandis . . A
Coryanthes speciosa alba .
Corycium orobanchoides .
Cosmus scabiosoides .
Cotoneaster denticulata
Cotyledon cristatum . :
Crocus speciosus .
Crotalaria undulata .
Crucianella stylosa .. .
Cryptochilus sanguineus .
Cupressus thurifera .
Cyclamen neapolitanum .
Cyclosia maculata .
Cyclogyne canescens
Cycnoches ventrieosum .
— — —— macnlatum
Cymbidium iridifolium .
bicolor .
—— — —-- madidum
pendulum
pubescens
virescens
Cyrtochilum mystacinum .
—— stellatum .
Cytisus Weldeni A ;
Cynoglossum coelestinum .
glochidiatum
grandiflorum
longiflorum
Cypelia plumbea . .
Cyrtochilam mystacinum .
—— maculatum .

QR 4S Y Y OI

ending

Dahlia glabrata.. .

Daubenya fulva š
Delphinium laxifloram
intermedium,
var. sapphirinum . .
— intermedium,
var. palmatifidum . >
decorum a
Dendrochilum filiforme
Dendrobium aciculare 4
calearatum . .
—— — —— —. denudans
candidum .
— — — — — formosum

Daphne australis . as

+ stuposum
~ gülcatum x
bicameratum .
————— Heyneanum .
————— macrophyllum
=- Paxtoni . .
———— aureum, palli-
dum . . 4

————

1840
1839
1839
1838
1840
1838
1839
1840
1840
1840
1838
1838
1840
1839
1839
1840
1838
1838
1839
1838
1839
1840
1840
1840
1839
1839
1840
1840
1840
1838
1839
1839
1839
1839
1839

.

pl. misc.
i PIN
.. 151
. 25
08 <;
.. 186
.. 96
e 73
e. 199 :
-- 59
+. 40
45 ci
IO
ee 58
.. 134
40
.. 32
65 ..
23 ee
.. 101
49 ..
.. 7
.. 68
.. 98
8
-- 37
.. 69
«4
25 ..
e 177
.. 59
62 ..
.. 54
.. 122
90 ..
.. 128
.. 127
50 oe
.. 180
«+88
44 39
« 86
29...
56 ee
53 s»
30 oe
52 ..
38 ..
64 ee
2. 419
» 185
.. 919
.. 156
e 54
«+ 86
64 ..
.» 91
.. 85*
.. 41
.. 46
e 56
20 ..

ipe
D rau

SPECIES DESCRIBED.
i pl. misc. pl. misc.
Dendrobium crumenatum. 1899 22 .. | Epidendrum lacerum SPUR a. M
Jenkinsii ;. IBdH WW .- ——— —— lividum . X808 .. Ol
———-—- lingueeforme . 1839 .. 26 | ————— ochraceum +. 1838 26 15
— teretifolium . 1839 .. 29 | ————— variegatum . 1839 11 ..
— ——— tetragonum . 1839 .. 30 ————— glumaceum . 1839 .. 50
~—_—_——-— tortile EBSD ne OF Ss ABU: O. Ae
— pygmeum . 1839 .. 82 | ———— Candollei +. 1839 .. 71
— elongatum . 1839 .. 33 | —————— inversum ..1890 .. LB
— —.——— pugioniforme . 1839 .. 34 | ————— uniflorum . 1839 .. 13-
— crassulefolium 1839 .. 35 | —————— Skinneri AA od E
———— complanatum 1839 .. 36 | —————— incumbens . 1840 .. 84
—— — —— herbaceum . 1840 .. 153 | ——————— macrochilum . 1840 .. 85
— longicolle . 1840 .. 172 | —————— Stamfordianum 1840 .. 88
plicatile . . 1840 .. 7 | ————— rhizophorum . 1840 .. 91
—————— revolutum . 1840 .. 110 - .CABSS .. IM
—- teres. . 1840 .. 111 | —————— aromaticum . 1840 .. 99
— — —— — gemellum . 1840 .. 192 | ————— bractescens . 1840 .. 122
Deutzia corymbosa . . 1839 .. 49 | ————— densiflorum . 1840 .. 134
a 1840 5 .. ns erispatom:- . 1680 .. ab
Dianthus Bisignani . 1838 29 .. ————— lancifolium . "340 .. 152
—— ferrugineus 1839 15 .. — falcatum ;: 840 .. ^b
Dichza ochracea 1889 .. 71 | ———- — Parkinsonianum 1840 .. 20

1839... 145 | ————— glaucum . 1840 .. 56
1888 .. 134 | ————— vitelinum . 1840 .. 35
1840 .. 112 | ————— stenopetalum 1840 .. 49

Dicrypta discolor.
Dienia cordata . .
Dinema paleaceum .

+ Diplopeltis Hugelii 1839 69 70 | —-——— Trinitatis . 1840 .. 128
Dry monia bicolor IAM A 5. | 0 — viscidum . 1840 .. 190
Echeandia terniflora . 1839 .. 144 | Epimedium violaceum . 1840 43 ..
Echeveria secunda . . 1838 .. 112 | Epiphora pubescens . . 1840 ,. 103

. . 1840 57 .. Eria clavicaulis â . 1840 .. 220

Echinacea Dicksoni . . 1898 27 .. ferruginea 2 AO ae 1
Echinocactus Ottonis "ase 49 .. [.— DUE > ; . 1840 .. 196
Eyriesii, var. planicaulis . > MA 2. E

glaucus > i . 1838 ôl .. — pumila . . cedd. MT
Scopa . . 1839 24 .. velutina . F . 1840 .. 209

Elisena lougipetala . 1838 .. 79 | Ericachloroloma .- . 1893 17 ,.
Encyclia, note upon . . 1839 .. 13 | Erysimum Perofskianum . 1839 .. 79
Entelea palmata . . 1888 .. 126 | Euphorbia rigida . . 1888 43 ..
Epacris impressa, var. . 1839 Ip veneta . 1898 G si

1838 .. 43 | Eurybia glutinosa . . 1839 .. 113
—— pachyanthum 1838 .. 49 | Euthales macrophylla . 1840 .. 119
papillosum . 1838 .. 8 | Eysenhardtia amorphoides 1839 .. 55
Pastoris . 18388 .. 9 | Fabiana imbricata . . 1839 59 ..
— Schomburgkii 1838 53 16 | Fernandezia lunifera 1839 .. 147
— — —— smaragdinum 1838 .. 44 Fuchsia fulgens . 221898 T 4
—_—_-_ selligerum . 1838 .. 66 eylindracea . . 1838 66 97
——— tibicinis Ree "D corymbiflora. . 1840 70 202

ela . 1898 .. 9 Standish's . 140 3 o
Funkia Sieboldi t 1839 050 ..

Epidendrum pictum .

—

—

——————— tridactylum . 1838 .. 81 ;
—— —— MK 1888... OT Galbanum i E < 1880 7.2 107
————— yesieatum ^ , 1898 .. 89 Galeandra Baueri + S MO 49 ..
aurantiaeum . 1898 .. 11 | Gardoquia betonicoides . 1838 .. 159

. 1840 .. 82 | Garrya laurifolia . 100... OO

————— asperum . 1833 .. 26 | Genista bracteolata ` AU we ve
rt ada . 1008 ,. Ol Geranium rubifolium’ ^ AMD Y ..
a Boothianum 1888 .. 11 tuberosum < 1999 T0 —
——— = encallatum 1838 .. 47 | Gesneria reflexa i 2 1840 .. 39

1338 |; 28 | Glaucium rubrum . . 1890 .. 78
1838 .. 82 Gompholobium versicolor 1839 43 62
1838 .. 163 | Gongora fulva . $ >r MW OL ..

——————— chloranthum
—— X cauliflorum

————— — calamarium Yo rl
E Nube HN SIL AA 0 ee
——— equitans 1838 .. 76 | Goodyera rubicunda . — - md
j AA faeatum 1838 .. 17 | Govenia Se aed z kd .. 5
| i 838 .. 87 — o S 15
jonosmum 1498 "d Iiacea — . . 1898 13 ..

———— Jongicolle

Grammatophyllum multiflo-
Tm : : â

Grevillea Thielemanniana
Grobya galeata .
Guaiacum officinale .
Gunnia picta i
Hardenbergia digitata
Hartwegia purpurea .
Helichrysum scorpioides

Helleborus lividus .

Hexopia crucigera . i

Hibiscus Cameroni . i
Wraye

Hoitzia mexicana
Hormidium .
Hoteia japonica
Hoveacrispa .
pungens
— Manglesii
Hoya coriacea .

Huntleya Meleagris .

violacea . .
Hydroteenia Meleagris ,
Hymenocallis Harrisiana .
— rotata .
Impatiens candida .
glanduligera .
— — —— macrochila :
tricornis .
Inga Harrisii .
lonopsis teres . . :
Ipomoea ficifolia . .
— longifolia .
————- pendula . .
— Purga : è
— tyrianthina
— Schiedeana .

Iris deflexa š è
— fragrans . . :
Ismene deflexa A i
Isochilus lividum $ $
Isotropis striata . F
Juniperus tetragona . :
flaccida i

—— —— mexicana . ê
————— squamosa . a
Lelia furfuracea ` i
——- autummalis . :
— — albida . à $
——- flava Š $ ~
— —- majalis . . i
superbiens :
——- rubescens > 5

Lathyrus Armitageanus .
Lavatera maritima . .
Lemonia spectabilis . :
Leptodermis lanceolata .
Leycesteria formosa . .
Lilium Thunbergianum
Linaria delphinoides

SPECIES DESCRIBED,

1838
1839
1839
1840
1839
1838
1840
1840
1838
1838
1840
1840
1840
1838
1839
1839
1839
1839
1838
1839
1840
1838
1839
1839
1838
1840
1840
1840
1840
1840
1840
1839
1838
1840
1839
1840
1840
1839
1838
1838

pl. misc.
a = 08
GO
LE.
ee 197
ys
vd
60 142
ees 96
ee 84
04 5
. 90
.. ôl
69 149
os 91
$8
.. 133
$ 19
ae 28
62 ...
I8 ee
el
2:290
14 ..
eM
.. 128
ve 209
«4 Ob
.. 904
29 0%
8 ee
9 ..
Er
.. 181
oe 221
.. 124
21 ..
.. 201
ve. 190
.. 162
c 09
ee 42
ss 02

E- s
ee 142
-- 45
ee 61
ee 102
ee 103
.. 104
V lb
2054
27 ee
54 4
«4 MA
ee. 42
ee 87
41 25
ee 14
os 140
59 o
ee 131
2
98 3%
we EO

Liparis pendula
spathulata
Lissanthe stellata.

verticillata
Lissochilus parviflorus
Loasa lateritia

Lobelia discolor > .
subnuda
fenestralis
multiflora :
Lopezia lineata : `
Luisia alpina . : .
Lupinus arboreus i a
— Hartwegi . `
— ——— Barkeri š -

— — — bilineatus (note)
—— — mexicanus (note)
— leptocarpus .
Macradenia mutica . :
Malachadenia clavata
Malaxis Parthoni . ;
Malva lucida . : :
—— mauritiana :
Mandevilla suaveolens ^
Manglesia glabrata
Marlea begonifolia
Martynia fragrans .
Masdevallia infracta
Matthiola odoratissima
Maxillaria Colleyi

— Rollissonii
vitellina .

porrecta .
macrophylla

costata :
variabilis . i
madida .
Boothii
tenuifolia . »
stapelioides .
xanthina (note)
foveata .
acutifolia .
lentiginosa
aureofulya
stenopetala
cucullata .
rhombea .
Macleei
Skinneri .

" 9 e «2 VIN

Medicago clypeata |. >
Medinilla erythrophylla .
Megaclinium oxypterum .
Microstylis excavata :
histionantha .
Miltonia candida i ;
Mimosa marginata . :
Morina longifolia .
Mormodes buccinator .
——— RR 4

— —X —

Morna nivea .
Morrenia odorata . y
Mucuna pruriens . .
Mycaranthes obliqua .

Nemaconia gracilifolia
Nemesia floribunda .
Nepeta salvisefolia .
Nicotiana rotundifolia
Notylia punctata .
—— — incurva
Barkeri
———— tenuis . .
— micrantha
Oberonia cylindrica . e
———— recurva . ;
—— Wightiana .
Octomeria gracilis.
——— — diaphana à
tridentata .
Odontoglossum Bictoniense
-.— Clowesii
cordatum
grande.
——- maculatum
Rossii

ut c. WI NEA. M Le

Olinia capensis <
Oncidium tetrapetalum .
confragosum .
pulvinatum e

—— — hians à
———— — ranifernm

-—— ——— luridum guttatum
——— — trulliferum

———— Forbesii . s
———— excavatum .
———— sanguineum y
-———— unieorne . Š
———— Carinatum :
————-— intermedium .
————— unicornutum .
— ———— Carthagineum .
——— pelicanum E

—————— Huntianum

— —— pachyphyllum
Insleayi . :
incurvum .

—— —— leucochilum è
———— ornithorhynchum
———— ampliatum .
cs. ACTO CA i
> Wentworthianum
————— pallidum .
ramosum . $

stramineum e

Ophelia purpurascens d
Opoidia galbanifera . :
Ornithogalum geminiflorum
— montanum .
Oxalis Darvalliana . :
Ottonis . . .
Oxyanthus versicolor
Peonia (Onsepia) Brownii .
Panetia fulva . .

SPECIES DESCRIBED.

1838
1838
1838
1840
1839
1838
1839
1838
1838
1838
1838
1838
1838
1840
1839
1839
1838
1839
1839
1840
1839
1838
1840
1840
1839
1840
1838
1838
1838
1839
1838
1838
1839
1839
1839
1839
1839
1839
1840
1840
1840
1840
1840
1840
1840
1840
1840
1840
1840
1840
1840
1840
1840
1840
1840
1838
1840
1839
1838
1808
1840
1840
1840
1839
1838

pl. misc.

18

39

129
184
15

. 193

. 110

. 166

167
168
169
170
23
8

9
55
146
43

Papaver amoenum

Passiflora hispidula . .
— ———— onychina . .
verrucifera

Patersonia sapphirina
Paxtonia rosea s
Pentlandia miniata .
Pentstemon barbatum car-
neum . . .
— — ———— crassifolium
-——-—— — gentianoides .
Peristeria guttata — . .
Peristylus goodyeroides .
Pernettya angustifolia .
Pesomeria tetragona .

Phaius grandifolius . .
— —- bicolor . "
——— Wallichii — . "
——— albus . >

Phalænopsis amabilis é
Philadelphus hirsutus .
—— —— — Gordonianus
—————— triflorus

— laxus .
———— — — mexicanus
Pholidota articulata .
——— conchoidea
Phycella biflora â
Physinga prostrata .
Physosiphon carinatus
Picris asperrima .
barbarorum
Pimelea incana
——— crinita

—— —— prostrata .
Pinus oocarpa . .
—— Llaveana . .
—— Hartwegii . .
——- Devoniana >
——- Rnsselliana :
——- macrophylla . *
—— pseudostrobus .
apulcensis
—— filifolia .
—— Coulteri .

Plagianthus Lampenii
Pleurothallis circumplexa
—— marginata
—— aphthosa
—————— vittata -
—— ———-— ophiocephala .
——————— stenopetala

€" WEIN we |

———-——— muscoidea
————— pectinata
————— strupifolia

a bicarinata
——— scabripes

———-— pachyglossa
en eii Beriata .
a — villosa .

— ciliata .
Podolepis contorta . š

SPECIES DESCRIBED.

pl. misc. pl. misc.

Polemonium cceruleum Schizonotus tomentosus . 1840 .. 156
grandiflorum - 1840 .. 76 | Schomburgkia marginata . 1839 .. 12
Polygonum amplexicaule . 1838 .. 117 Schubertia graveolens MO o
-— 1889 46 .. Scilla pratensis . ` . 1889 63 —
1838 .. 144 | Sedum miserum â +. 1898": .. 128
1838 .. 142 multicaule . . 1840 .. 124
1838 .. 143 | Senecio populifolius, lacteus 1839 45 ..

Polystachya zeylanica
— ramulosa
—— luteola .

————— affinis . 1839 .. 44 cruentus : . 1889 7 ..
— bracteosa 1840 .. 102 | ——— odoratus . . 1839 ¡UE
cerea . 1840 .. 208 | Sisyrinchium junceum . 1840 .. 12

Ponera graminifolia . 1839 .. 15 | Solanum betaceum . . 1840 .. Op
Portulaca Thellusonii 1839 ... 114 : . 1840. ;.. 4
1840 31 .. A eee candidum . 1839 .. 125

1840 ,. 200 —— ———— macrantherum . 1840 .. 181

Pronaya elegans .
Rossii . BE 840 ee 34

Psoralea cinerea E . 1888 .. 106
Pultenzea obcordata . 1838... 57 uncinellum . 1840 15. ..
Puya Altensteinii . 1840 .. 210 vernicatum
coerulea . Š I840 il... Sollya linearis .

heterophylla . 1840 71... —— — . i
Guekettia microscopica 1839 .. 6 | Sophronitis violacea .
Quercus acutifolia . 1840 .. 160 | Specklinia orbicularis

. LJ . LI L] .

-
op
Fe
c
LJ

LJ

E
wm

- reticulata 1840 .. 161 —— ciliaris 1838 .. 40
- crassipes é 1840 .. 162 —— obovata ; 1889... 197

spicata 1840 .. 163 | Spiræa barbata . 1838 .. 65
- mexicana . . 1840: .. 164 | >> cuneifolia . 4890... 82

glaucescens . + 1840 .. 165
sideroxyla . - 1840 .. 166
- lancifolia . - 1840 .. 167 laxiflora

————- petiolaris . - 1840 .. 168 | — rotundifolia
———- mannifera 1840 .. 72 fissa . > . -1840--.-«-120

vacciniifolia . . 1889 .. 88.

regia . ‘ - 1840 .. 73 | Spiranthes diuretica .::1888 ... 119

——- Brantii + + 1840 ,. 74 | Spironema fragrans . . 1840 47 48
Rigidella flammea . - 1840 16 64 | Sprekelia cybister . . 1840 33 ..
Ribes Menziesii > 1898... 52 glauca > . 1840 .. 104
Rodriguezia crispa . - 1840 54 .. | Stanhopea quadricornis . 1838 5 ..
A 1839 .. 139 — Lindleyi . A888 o4

laxiflora 1839 .. 138 — tigrina . E“ 18099. b^

— maculata 1840 .. 218 | ———— oculata . . 1889 .. 113

Roepera aurantiaca . 1838 .. 105 — 1840 .. 80

Roscóea purpurea . - 1840 61 .. | ———— graveolens . 1840 ,. 125
Saccolabium gemmatum . 1838 .. 88 | ——-—-— maculosa . 6 ::1840- ve 98
densiflorum . 1838 .. 103 — Martiana . «1840-50 + 109
calceolare . 1838 .. 139 — Wardii . . 1840. ., 147
— bifidum - 1838 .. 5 | Statice arborea (5505171890999 ..
compressum , 1840 .. 5 | ———pectinata . . 1840 65 ..
—-- — micranthum . 1889 .. 52 | Stelis tristyla . : c 1898... 60
Salvia Mooreroftii . + 1839 .. 127 | Stenia pallida . . 1838 20 ..
mc patens. : + 1839 23 48 | Stenochilus longifolius . 1839 .. 115
confertiflora . . 1889 239 .. incanus . . 18389 .. 16
=> eanescens-... - 1838 36 .. Stevia fascicularis . . 1888 00 <:
hians . a - 1840 .. 115 | Tanacetum longifolium . 1840 .. 78
————- prunelloides . - 1840 .. 207 | Thalictrum cultratum 1840... 77
Regla . - 1840 ,. 205 | Thomasia canescens - 1840- .. 208
Saponaria perfoliata . - 1899 .. 83 | Thysanotus intricatus . 1888... 1H
Sarcanthus pallidus . - 1840 .. 185 — . 1840 4 ..
puc c Oxypbylus — :. 1840. ,. 198 ——tenuis . . 1838 50 ..
Sarcochilus olivaceus 5.3880 .....97 — proliferus - 1838 —8 2g
— parviflorus . 1838 .. 50 | —————isantherus . 1839 .. 75
2. — unguiculatus . 1840 .. 143 | Tradescantia irideseens . 1838 .. 160
Satyrium papillosum - 1838 .. 154 | — tridescens . 1840 34 ..
~ carneum . >. O. AORE bôb ——— tumida. . J040- 4€ 5
——- — candidum . 1838 .. 153 | Trichinium alopecuroideum 1839 28 .. .
pustulatum 1840 18 .. | ————— Manglesii(note) 1839 28 ..

Scaphyglottisreflexa

1839 .. 21 | —— Stirlingii (note) 1839 28
> stellate

1839 .. 60 | Trichocentron iridifolium . 1838 .. 178

br. .

GENERAL INTELLIGENCE.

pl. misc.

Trifolium involucratum 1840 .. 116
Trigonidum acuminatum 1838 .. 136
— Egertonianum 1833 .. 135
E 1840 .. 100

—— ringens . 2 1840... 121

— — tenue . ; 1890 .. 00
Triptilion spinosum . . 1840 .. 129
Tritonia fucata . : + 1888 35 ..
Trymalium odoratissimum 1838 .. 30
Tulipa Gesneriana 1838 46 ..
— maleolens - . 1889 66 ..
Urceolina pendula 1838 .. 151
Valeriana Napus . . 1840 .. 180

pl. misc.
Vanilla bicolor . . 1898 ..
Vanda congesta . . 1899. .. 94
— —— lamellata é 41898057 12b
Veronica diosmefolia 1840 30200
———— formosa s 1839 .. 85
Victoria regia . 1898. JS
Weinmannia venosa . 1840 .. 36
Xerotes longifolia . . 1889 3 ..
Zichya tricolor . 1839 52 ..

angustifolia (note) ' 1839 52 ..
Zigadenus glaucus . . 1888 67 ..
Zygpoetalum africanum 1840

NO C. CP MEUM TIEFE

PART. II.—GENERAL INTELLIGENCE.

Agardh, Recensio generis Pteridis, no-
ticed, 1840, mise. p. 13.

Balsaminee, their affinities and structure,
1840, t. 8.

Beet root, observations on, by M. Decaisne,
1839, misc. p. 28.

Brown, Robt., a Copley medal awarded to
him, 1840, misc. p. 3.

Campanula, its collecting hairs, 1840, misc.
p. 54.

Cape of Good Hope, notes on its vegetation,
1839, misc. p. 52.

Circulation of the latex in plants, 1839,
misc. p. 48.

Clestines in plants, 1840, misc. p. 13.

Cordage plants, some account of, 1839,
misc. p. 5.

Cunningham, Allan, his death, 1840, misc.
p. 1.

Endlicher's Genera Plantarum, 1839, misc.
p. 40.

——— Genera Plantarum,

1840, misc. p. 31.

theory of vegetable fertiliza-
tion, 1839, misc. p. 4.

Flora de Filipinas, Blanco's, 1839, misc.
p. 15.

Frankincense tree of Sierra Leone, 1839,
misc. p. 30.

Frozen Potatoes, 1839, misc. p. 12.

Gentianacese, Grisebach’s Monograph of,
1839, misc. p. 57.

Glycine sinensis, 1840, misc. p. 41.

Guatemala Orchidacee, 1840, misc. p. 43.

Gum, its motion in plants, 1840, misc. p. 14.

Hairlike roots of Cotyledon cristatum,
1839, misc. p. 84.

Horse-chesnuts, poisonous, 1839, misc. p.

noticed,

23.
Horticultural Society’s Garden, 1839, mise.

«A7.
Hymenocallis and Pancratium, the distinc-
tion between, 1840, misc. p- 12.
Link, Klotzsch, and Otto, Icones plantarum,
1840, misc. p. 87.

Leptotes bicolor, its fruit aromatic, 1840,
mise. p. 14.

Lomandra, note upon, 1839, sub. t. 3.

Moquin Tandon, Chenopodearum Mono-

phica enumeratio, 1840, misc. p. 78.

Myrtle, derivation of the name, 1839, misc.
p. 28.

Oaks of Koordistan, 1840, mise. p. 39.

Orchidacese of Brazil, their habits, 1839,
misc. p. 42,21.

of Guatemala, 1840, misc. p. 43.

Paneratium and Hymenocallis, the dis-
tinction between, 1840, misc. p. 12.

Perrine on acclimatising tropical plants in
the United States, 1839, misc. p- 5.

Physostegia virginiana, its catalepsy ex-
plained, 1840, misc. p. 91.

Pinetum Woburnense, 1839, misc. p. 23.

Pisonai tree, 1839, misc. p. 18.

Pollen covered with starch, 1839, misc.

. 74.

Pamay distribution of the Vegetable King-
dom, 1839, misc. p. 76.

Proceedings of the Royal Asiatie Society,
1839, misc. p. 24.

Royle's Illustrations of the Botany, &c. of
the Himalayas, 1839, misc. p. 26.

Siebold’s Flora Japonica noticed, 1840,
misc. p. 4. i

Starch on the outside of pollen grains, 1839,
mise. p. 74. ;

Tasmannian plants, 1840, misc. p. 16.

Torrey and Gray's Flora of North America,
1839, misc. p. 42- 2.

i—i

Tragacanth, source of the drug,
mise. p- 38.

Van Diemen’s Land plants, 1840, misc.

; 106.
Vanilla, first produced in England, 1840,
misc. p. 66.
Victoria regia, note upon, 1840, misc. p. 62.
Wight's Illustrations of Indian Botany,
1839, misc. p. 29,
Wistaria sinensis, 1840, misc. p. 41.

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